TEST BANK
Cognition 6th Edition by Mark H. Ashcraft & Gabriel A. Radvansky
JN
U
R
SE
TEST BANK
, 1. The student of mental activity and thinking, broadly conceived, is called .
a. cognitive science
b. mind science
c. cognitive studies
d. mind studies
Page: 2
Type: conceptual
Answer: a
2. When did the cognitive revolution occur?
a. early 1970s
b. late 1950s
c. late 1850s
d. mid-1940s
Page: 2
Type: factual
Answer: b
3. Memory does NOT involve .
JN
a. a mental storage system
b. acquiring information
c. complex decision making
d. mental processes
Page: 6
Type: conceptual
Answer: c
U
4. The mental process of acquiring and retaining information for later retrieval is .
a. cognition
R
b. memory
c. planning
d. forecasting
Page: 6
SE
Type: conceptual
Answer: b
5. Cognition does NOT involve .
a. reflexes
b. mental activities
c. perceiving
d. understanding
Page: 6
Type: conceptual
Answer: a
, 6. The collection of mental processes and activities used in perceiving, remembering, thinking, and
understanding is .
a. operations
b. mentalism
c. cognition
d. computational neuroscience
Page: 6
Type: conceptual
Answer: c
7. People first began wondering about how the mind worked .
a. after the cognitive revolution
b. after Aristotle
c. after Descartes
d. before any of these people or events
Page: 7
Type: conceptual
Answer: d
8. Reductionism is .
JN
a. the method in which observers are carefully trained to report on inner sensations and experiences
b. the building blocks underlying the structure of the brain
c. the branch of experimental psychology that deals with human participants as they learn verbal materials,
e.g., items or stimuli composed of letters and/or words
d. attempting to understand a complex event by breaking the event down into its components
Page: 7
Type: conceptual
U
Answer: d
9. Ecological validity means .
R
a. the amount of experimental control the experimenter has over the important manipulations
b. acquiring and retaining information for later retrieval
c. attempting to break down complex events by breaking them down into their components
d. representative of the real world
SE
Page: 7
Type: conceptual
Answer: d
10. If we hear a complaint that experimental psychology research lacks ecological validity, the person is
complaining that .
a. the research is not representative of real-world situations
b. the research lacks sufficient precision
c. the research lacks an appropriate comparison group
d. we are attempting to understand complex phenomena by breaking them down into their components
Page: 7
Type: applied
Answer: a
11. If something is generalizable to real-world situations, it .
a. is pragmatic
b. acquires an air of confidence
c. has ecological validity
d. no longer is basic science
Page: 7
, Type: conceptual
Answer: c
12. A person trying to understand complex events by breaking them down into their components is using
.
a. fragmentation
b. reductionism
c. a parsing approach
d. distillation
Page: 7
Type: applied
Answer: b
13. Who said, “I think, therefore I am”?
a. Rene Descartes
b. William James
c. Aristotle
d. Immanuel Kant
Page: 7
Type: factual
Answer: a
JN
14. Empirical observations are those that .
a. rely on observation, experimentation, or measurement
b. characterize an entire set of research data
c. are conducted in a field setting outside the laboratory
d. compare people of different ages at a given moment in time
Page: 9
U
Type: conceptual
Answer: a
R
15. The philosophy that observation is to be the basis for much of science is .
a. empiricism
b. rationalism
c. structuralism
SE
d. functionalism
Page: 9
Type: conceptual
Answer: a
16. Which of the following is NOT true?
a. Wundt established the first psychological laboratory.
b. Wundt’s student Titchner advocated the approach known as structuralism.
c. Wundt believed strongly that the proper topic for psychology was “conscious processes and immediate
experience.”
d. Wundt advocated the approach known as functionalism.
Page: 9
Type: factual
Answer: d
17. Who is credited with being the first experimental psychologist?
a. Wilhelm Wundt
b. William James
c. Edward Titchner
d. John Watson
Page: 9
Cognition 6th Edition by Mark H. Ashcraft & Gabriel A. Radvansky
JN
U
R
SE
TEST BANK
, 1. The student of mental activity and thinking, broadly conceived, is called .
a. cognitive science
b. mind science
c. cognitive studies
d. mind studies
Page: 2
Type: conceptual
Answer: a
2. When did the cognitive revolution occur?
a. early 1970s
b. late 1950s
c. late 1850s
d. mid-1940s
Page: 2
Type: factual
Answer: b
3. Memory does NOT involve .
JN
a. a mental storage system
b. acquiring information
c. complex decision making
d. mental processes
Page: 6
Type: conceptual
Answer: c
U
4. The mental process of acquiring and retaining information for later retrieval is .
a. cognition
R
b. memory
c. planning
d. forecasting
Page: 6
SE
Type: conceptual
Answer: b
5. Cognition does NOT involve .
a. reflexes
b. mental activities
c. perceiving
d. understanding
Page: 6
Type: conceptual
Answer: a
, 6. The collection of mental processes and activities used in perceiving, remembering, thinking, and
understanding is .
a. operations
b. mentalism
c. cognition
d. computational neuroscience
Page: 6
Type: conceptual
Answer: c
7. People first began wondering about how the mind worked .
a. after the cognitive revolution
b. after Aristotle
c. after Descartes
d. before any of these people or events
Page: 7
Type: conceptual
Answer: d
8. Reductionism is .
JN
a. the method in which observers are carefully trained to report on inner sensations and experiences
b. the building blocks underlying the structure of the brain
c. the branch of experimental psychology that deals with human participants as they learn verbal materials,
e.g., items or stimuli composed of letters and/or words
d. attempting to understand a complex event by breaking the event down into its components
Page: 7
Type: conceptual
U
Answer: d
9. Ecological validity means .
R
a. the amount of experimental control the experimenter has over the important manipulations
b. acquiring and retaining information for later retrieval
c. attempting to break down complex events by breaking them down into their components
d. representative of the real world
SE
Page: 7
Type: conceptual
Answer: d
10. If we hear a complaint that experimental psychology research lacks ecological validity, the person is
complaining that .
a. the research is not representative of real-world situations
b. the research lacks sufficient precision
c. the research lacks an appropriate comparison group
d. we are attempting to understand complex phenomena by breaking them down into their components
Page: 7
Type: applied
Answer: a
11. If something is generalizable to real-world situations, it .
a. is pragmatic
b. acquires an air of confidence
c. has ecological validity
d. no longer is basic science
Page: 7
, Type: conceptual
Answer: c
12. A person trying to understand complex events by breaking them down into their components is using
.
a. fragmentation
b. reductionism
c. a parsing approach
d. distillation
Page: 7
Type: applied
Answer: b
13. Who said, “I think, therefore I am”?
a. Rene Descartes
b. William James
c. Aristotle
d. Immanuel Kant
Page: 7
Type: factual
Answer: a
JN
14. Empirical observations are those that .
a. rely on observation, experimentation, or measurement
b. characterize an entire set of research data
c. are conducted in a field setting outside the laboratory
d. compare people of different ages at a given moment in time
Page: 9
U
Type: conceptual
Answer: a
R
15. The philosophy that observation is to be the basis for much of science is .
a. empiricism
b. rationalism
c. structuralism
SE
d. functionalism
Page: 9
Type: conceptual
Answer: a
16. Which of the following is NOT true?
a. Wundt established the first psychological laboratory.
b. Wundt’s student Titchner advocated the approach known as structuralism.
c. Wundt believed strongly that the proper topic for psychology was “conscious processes and immediate
experience.”
d. Wundt advocated the approach known as functionalism.
Page: 9
Type: factual
Answer: d
17. Who is credited with being the first experimental psychologist?
a. Wilhelm Wundt
b. William James
c. Edward Titchner
d. John Watson
Page: 9
