2025 OCR GCSE (9–1) Classical Civilisation J199/23 War and Warfare Combined Question Paper & Final
Marking Scheme
Oxford Cambridge and RSA
Monday 2 June 2025 – Morning
GCSE (9–1) Classical Civilisation
J199/23 War and Warfare
Time allowed: 1 hour 30 minutes
*1891503368*
You must have:
• the Insert (inside this document)
* J 1 9 9 2 3 *
Please write clearly in black ink. Do not write in the barcodes.
Centre number Candidate number
First name(s)
Last name
INSTRUCTIONS
• Use black ink.
• Write your answer to each question in the space provided. If you need extra space use
the lined pages at the end of this booklet. The question numbers must be clearly shown.
• In Section A, answer Questions 1–9 and either Question 10 or Question 11.
• In Section B, answer Questions 12–22 and either Question 23 or Question 24.
• Use the Insert to answer all the questions.
• Do not send the Insert for marking. Keep it in the centre or recycle it.
INFORMATION
• The total mark for this paper is 90.
• The marks for each question are shown in brackets [ ].
• This document has 24 pages.
ADVICE
• Read each question carefully before you start your answer.
© OCR 2025 [603/0768/7] OCR is an exempt Charity
DC (WW) 354172/2 Turn over
, 2
Section A
Culture
Answer Questions 1–9.
Study Source A
1 What type of structure is shown in Source A?
...................................................................................................................................................... [1]
2 How comfortable do you think it would have been for the people living there?
Make three points and support your answer with reference to Source A.
1 .......................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
2 .......................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
3 .......................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
[3]
3 What was the building marked X used for?
Make three points.
1 .......................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
2 .......................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
3 .......................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
[3]
© OCR 2025
, 3
Study Source B
4 Who would have provided this warrior’s equipment?
...................................................................................................................................................... [1]
5 What type of helmet is he wearing?
...................................................................................................................................................... [1]
6
(a) Identify two useful features of the helmet.
1 .......................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
2 .......................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
[2]
(b) Choose one of these features. Why was it helpful for the warrior in battle?
..........................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................... [1]
© OCR 2025 Turn over
, 4
Study Source C
7 How does the design of the warrior’s equipment help in battle? Do not write about the helmet.
Make two points and support your answer with reference to Source C.
1 .......................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
2 .......................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
[4]
© OCR 2025
Marking Scheme
Oxford Cambridge and RSA
Monday 2 June 2025 – Morning
GCSE (9–1) Classical Civilisation
J199/23 War and Warfare
Time allowed: 1 hour 30 minutes
*1891503368*
You must have:
• the Insert (inside this document)
* J 1 9 9 2 3 *
Please write clearly in black ink. Do not write in the barcodes.
Centre number Candidate number
First name(s)
Last name
INSTRUCTIONS
• Use black ink.
• Write your answer to each question in the space provided. If you need extra space use
the lined pages at the end of this booklet. The question numbers must be clearly shown.
• In Section A, answer Questions 1–9 and either Question 10 or Question 11.
• In Section B, answer Questions 12–22 and either Question 23 or Question 24.
• Use the Insert to answer all the questions.
• Do not send the Insert for marking. Keep it in the centre or recycle it.
INFORMATION
• The total mark for this paper is 90.
• The marks for each question are shown in brackets [ ].
• This document has 24 pages.
ADVICE
• Read each question carefully before you start your answer.
© OCR 2025 [603/0768/7] OCR is an exempt Charity
DC (WW) 354172/2 Turn over
, 2
Section A
Culture
Answer Questions 1–9.
Study Source A
1 What type of structure is shown in Source A?
...................................................................................................................................................... [1]
2 How comfortable do you think it would have been for the people living there?
Make three points and support your answer with reference to Source A.
1 .......................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
2 .......................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
3 .......................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
[3]
3 What was the building marked X used for?
Make three points.
1 .......................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
2 .......................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
3 .......................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
[3]
© OCR 2025
, 3
Study Source B
4 Who would have provided this warrior’s equipment?
...................................................................................................................................................... [1]
5 What type of helmet is he wearing?
...................................................................................................................................................... [1]
6
(a) Identify two useful features of the helmet.
1 .......................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
2 .......................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
[2]
(b) Choose one of these features. Why was it helpful for the warrior in battle?
..........................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................... [1]
© OCR 2025 Turn over
, 4
Study Source C
7 How does the design of the warrior’s equipment help in battle? Do not write about the helmet.
Make two points and support your answer with reference to Source C.
1 .......................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
2 .......................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
[4]
© OCR 2025
