HUMAN NUTRITION-SCIENCE FOR HEALTHY LIVING,
LATEST EDITION QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWER
GRADED A+ 2025/2026
MULTIPLE CHOICE
Vegetables are likely to be highest in vitamin C if they are
a. boiled.
b. canned.
c. stir-fried.
d. oven roasted.
ANS: C
Vegetables are likely to be highest in vitamin C if they are stir-fried. Heat
destroys vitamin C, and so cooking for the minimum amount of time
preserves vitamin C. Oven roasting is a slow cooking method, and so more
vitamin C is lost. Vitamin C is also water soluble, and so cooking methods
that use water, such as boiling and canning, cause loss of vitamin C into the
cooking liquid. In stir-frying, vegetables are cooked quickly without water.
A good way to increase intake of riboflavin would be to
a. eat cereal with skim milk for breakfast instead of toast and juice.
b. replace romaine lettuce salad with spinach salad.
c. drink orange juice instead of apple juice.
d. make sandwiches with whole grain bread instead of white bread.
ANS: A
The most significant source of riboflavin in the United States is milk, and so
switching to cereal with milk for breakfast would increase riboflavin intake.
Replacing romaine lettuce with spinach would increase intake of folate.
,Replacing apple juice with orange juice would increase vitamin C intake.
Eggs, meats, and whole grains are all good but lesser sources of riboflavin.
Using whole grains would increase intake of several vitamins and would
increase riboflavin intake slightly, but less than by drinking extra milk.
A homeless man is brought into the emergency room with muscle
weakness, loss of coordination, and tachycardia. He has alcohol on his
breath. He may be suffering from a deficiency of
a. thiamin.
b. riboflavin.
c. niacin.
d. folate.
ANS: A
Symptoms of thiamine deficiency include muscle weakness, loss of
coordination, and tachycardia. Alcoholism increases the body's need for
thiamin and may contribute to a secondary thiamin deficiency. Symptoms of
riboflavin deficiency include cheilosis, glossitis, and dermatitis. Niacin
deficiency causes pellagra, characterized by dermatitis, dementia, and
diarrhea. Symptoms of folate deficiency include megaloblastic anemia,
glossitis, diarrhea, irritability, absent-mindedness, depression, and anxiety.
A patient is admitted to the hospital with confusion, memory loss, and
ataxia. What other information would lead you to suspect that his
symptoms may be caused by secondary thiamin deficiency?
a. The patient has very limited funds and has been eating mainly rice and
beans.
b. The patient admits that he struggles with alcoholism.
c. The patient is recovering from a minor stroke.
d. The patient has a family history of Alzheimer's disease.
ANS: B
,Alcoholism may be associated with a secondary thiamin deficiency because
the liver needs increased amounts of thiamin to detoxify alcohol. Limited
food intake may cause primary deficiency (although legumes are a good
source of thiamin, and so primary deficiency is unlikely). Strokes and
Alzheimer's disease may cause confusion, memory loss, and ataxia, but not
in relation to a secondary vitamin deficiency.
A young woman recently married tells you that she is excited to have
children. She should be especially careful to consume adequate amounts
of
a. folic acid.
b. vitamin B12.
c. pyridoxine.
d. vitamin E.
ANS: A
Women who may become pregnant need to ensure adequate intake of folic
acid to prevent neural tube defects. The neural tube forms before many
women know they are pregnant, and so it is important to ensure adequate
intake of folic acid before pregnancy. Vitamin B12, pyridoxine, and vitamin
E are all important vitamins, but the need for them is not especially
associated with pregnancy.
An example of a high-folate meal is a fish,
a. French fries, and coleslaw.
b. spinach salad with orange segments.
c. oatmeal with brown sugar and raisins.
d. pork chops with applesauce.
ANS: B
, Good sources of folate include leafy green vegetables (including spinach),
legumes, ready-to-eat cereals, and some fruits and juices (including orange).
Fish, oatmeal, raisins, pork, and applesauce are not good sources of folate.
An example of a meal with high levels of biotin is a
a. cheese-and-tomato sandwich.
b. roast beef and mustard sandwich.
c. peanut butter and jelly sandwich.
d. vegetarian sandwich with avocado and alfalfa sprouts.
ANS: C
The richest sources of biotin include liver, kidney, peanut butter, egg yolks,
and yeast.
An example of a meal with high levels of vitamin K is
a. grilled shrimp with rice and green beans.
b. eggs, bacon, and hash browns.
c. stir-fried beef with broccoli.
d. bacon, lettuce, and tomato sandwich.
ANS: C
The best source of vitamin K is green leafy vegetables, such as broccoli.
Dairy products, meats, cereals, and fruits provide smaller amounts.
An example of someone who has a relatively high risk for vitamin
deficiencies is a(n)
a. 45-year-old half marathon runner.
b. 85-year-old man living independently.
c. college-age woman living with roommates.
LATEST EDITION QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWER
GRADED A+ 2025/2026
MULTIPLE CHOICE
Vegetables are likely to be highest in vitamin C if they are
a. boiled.
b. canned.
c. stir-fried.
d. oven roasted.
ANS: C
Vegetables are likely to be highest in vitamin C if they are stir-fried. Heat
destroys vitamin C, and so cooking for the minimum amount of time
preserves vitamin C. Oven roasting is a slow cooking method, and so more
vitamin C is lost. Vitamin C is also water soluble, and so cooking methods
that use water, such as boiling and canning, cause loss of vitamin C into the
cooking liquid. In stir-frying, vegetables are cooked quickly without water.
A good way to increase intake of riboflavin would be to
a. eat cereal with skim milk for breakfast instead of toast and juice.
b. replace romaine lettuce salad with spinach salad.
c. drink orange juice instead of apple juice.
d. make sandwiches with whole grain bread instead of white bread.
ANS: A
The most significant source of riboflavin in the United States is milk, and so
switching to cereal with milk for breakfast would increase riboflavin intake.
Replacing romaine lettuce with spinach would increase intake of folate.
,Replacing apple juice with orange juice would increase vitamin C intake.
Eggs, meats, and whole grains are all good but lesser sources of riboflavin.
Using whole grains would increase intake of several vitamins and would
increase riboflavin intake slightly, but less than by drinking extra milk.
A homeless man is brought into the emergency room with muscle
weakness, loss of coordination, and tachycardia. He has alcohol on his
breath. He may be suffering from a deficiency of
a. thiamin.
b. riboflavin.
c. niacin.
d. folate.
ANS: A
Symptoms of thiamine deficiency include muscle weakness, loss of
coordination, and tachycardia. Alcoholism increases the body's need for
thiamin and may contribute to a secondary thiamin deficiency. Symptoms of
riboflavin deficiency include cheilosis, glossitis, and dermatitis. Niacin
deficiency causes pellagra, characterized by dermatitis, dementia, and
diarrhea. Symptoms of folate deficiency include megaloblastic anemia,
glossitis, diarrhea, irritability, absent-mindedness, depression, and anxiety.
A patient is admitted to the hospital with confusion, memory loss, and
ataxia. What other information would lead you to suspect that his
symptoms may be caused by secondary thiamin deficiency?
a. The patient has very limited funds and has been eating mainly rice and
beans.
b. The patient admits that he struggles with alcoholism.
c. The patient is recovering from a minor stroke.
d. The patient has a family history of Alzheimer's disease.
ANS: B
,Alcoholism may be associated with a secondary thiamin deficiency because
the liver needs increased amounts of thiamin to detoxify alcohol. Limited
food intake may cause primary deficiency (although legumes are a good
source of thiamin, and so primary deficiency is unlikely). Strokes and
Alzheimer's disease may cause confusion, memory loss, and ataxia, but not
in relation to a secondary vitamin deficiency.
A young woman recently married tells you that she is excited to have
children. She should be especially careful to consume adequate amounts
of
a. folic acid.
b. vitamin B12.
c. pyridoxine.
d. vitamin E.
ANS: A
Women who may become pregnant need to ensure adequate intake of folic
acid to prevent neural tube defects. The neural tube forms before many
women know they are pregnant, and so it is important to ensure adequate
intake of folic acid before pregnancy. Vitamin B12, pyridoxine, and vitamin
E are all important vitamins, but the need for them is not especially
associated with pregnancy.
An example of a high-folate meal is a fish,
a. French fries, and coleslaw.
b. spinach salad with orange segments.
c. oatmeal with brown sugar and raisins.
d. pork chops with applesauce.
ANS: B
, Good sources of folate include leafy green vegetables (including spinach),
legumes, ready-to-eat cereals, and some fruits and juices (including orange).
Fish, oatmeal, raisins, pork, and applesauce are not good sources of folate.
An example of a meal with high levels of biotin is a
a. cheese-and-tomato sandwich.
b. roast beef and mustard sandwich.
c. peanut butter and jelly sandwich.
d. vegetarian sandwich with avocado and alfalfa sprouts.
ANS: C
The richest sources of biotin include liver, kidney, peanut butter, egg yolks,
and yeast.
An example of a meal with high levels of vitamin K is
a. grilled shrimp with rice and green beans.
b. eggs, bacon, and hash browns.
c. stir-fried beef with broccoli.
d. bacon, lettuce, and tomato sandwich.
ANS: C
The best source of vitamin K is green leafy vegetables, such as broccoli.
Dairy products, meats, cereals, and fruits provide smaller amounts.
An example of someone who has a relatively high risk for vitamin
deficiencies is a(n)
a. 45-year-old half marathon runner.
b. 85-year-old man living independently.
c. college-age woman living with roommates.
