NZ nursing exam 2026 Questions and
Answers
Which of the following cells produce the myelin sheath in the central nervous
system? A. Schwann cells B. Oligodendrocytes C. Astrocytes D. Microglia -
Correct answer-B. Oligodendrocytes
During repolarization, which ion moves out of the neuron to restore a negative
charge inside the cell? A. Sodium B. Potassium C. Calcium D. Chloride - Correct
answer-B. Potassium
Which part of the brain is primarily responsible for processing emotions? A.
Hippocampus B. Amygdala C. Thalamus D. Cerebellum - Correct answer-B.
Amygdala
Which of the following heart valves prevents backflow of blood from the left
ventricle to the left atrium? A. Aortic valve B. Pulmonary valve C. Tricuspid valve
D. Mitral (bicuspid) valve - Correct answer-D. Mitral (bicuspid) valve
The primary pacemaker of the heart is located in which chamber? A. Left atrium B.
Right atrium C. Left ventricle D. Right ventricle - Correct answer-B. Right atrium
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,What is the function of the vena cava? A. To carry oxygenated blood to the lungs
B. To carry deoxygenated blood from the body to the heart C. To transport
oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart D. To circulate blood within the
coronary arteries - Correct answer-B. To carry deoxygenated blood from the body
to the heart
Which coronary artery is most commonly associated with myocardial infarction
when it becomes blocked? A. Right coronary artery B. Left coronary artery C.
Circumflex artery D. Left anterior descending artery (LAD) - Correct answer-D.
Left anterior descending artery (LAD)
During ventricular systole, which valves close to prevent backflow of blood into
the atria? A. Aortic and pulmonary valves B. Mitral and tricuspid valves C.
Pulmonary and tricuspid valves D. Mitral and aortic valves - Correct answer-B.
Mitral and tricuspid valves
The P wave on an ECG (electrocardiogram) represents which part of the cardiac
cycle? A. Atrial depolarization B. Ventricular depolarization C. Ventricular
repolarization D. Atrial repolarization - Correct answer-A. Atrial depolarization
The QRS complex on an ECG represents: A. Ventricular depolarization B. Atrial
depolarization C. Atrial repolarization D. Ventricular repolarization - Correct
answer-A. Ventricular depolarization
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, Which blood vessel carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the body? A.
Pulmonary artery B. Pulmonary vein C. Superior vena cava D. Aorta - Correct
answer-D. Aorta
A patient with angina is likely experiencing what type of chest pain? A. Pain
caused by inflammation of the pericardium B. Pain due to a lack of oxygen to the
heart muscle C. Pain caused by a blockage in the pulmonary artery D. Pain related
to an electrical disturbance in the heart - Correct answer-B. Pain due to a lack of
oxygen to the heart muscle
Which cardiac enzyme is most specific for diagnosing myocardial infarction?A.
Creatine kinase (CK) B. Myoglobin C. Troponin D. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)
- Correct answer-C. Troponin
Which of the following best describes preload in cardiac physiology? A. The
resistance the heart must overcome to eject blood B. The amount of blood
returning to the heart and filling the ventricles C. The speed of the electrical
conduction through the heart D. The amount of blood in the coronary arteries -
Correct answer-B. The amount of blood returning to the heart and filling the
ventricles
Xerostomia - Correct answer-(decreased saliva production), or dry mouth -
common in older adults
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Answers
Which of the following cells produce the myelin sheath in the central nervous
system? A. Schwann cells B. Oligodendrocytes C. Astrocytes D. Microglia -
Correct answer-B. Oligodendrocytes
During repolarization, which ion moves out of the neuron to restore a negative
charge inside the cell? A. Sodium B. Potassium C. Calcium D. Chloride - Correct
answer-B. Potassium
Which part of the brain is primarily responsible for processing emotions? A.
Hippocampus B. Amygdala C. Thalamus D. Cerebellum - Correct answer-B.
Amygdala
Which of the following heart valves prevents backflow of blood from the left
ventricle to the left atrium? A. Aortic valve B. Pulmonary valve C. Tricuspid valve
D. Mitral (bicuspid) valve - Correct answer-D. Mitral (bicuspid) valve
The primary pacemaker of the heart is located in which chamber? A. Left atrium B.
Right atrium C. Left ventricle D. Right ventricle - Correct answer-B. Right atrium
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,What is the function of the vena cava? A. To carry oxygenated blood to the lungs
B. To carry deoxygenated blood from the body to the heart C. To transport
oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart D. To circulate blood within the
coronary arteries - Correct answer-B. To carry deoxygenated blood from the body
to the heart
Which coronary artery is most commonly associated with myocardial infarction
when it becomes blocked? A. Right coronary artery B. Left coronary artery C.
Circumflex artery D. Left anterior descending artery (LAD) - Correct answer-D.
Left anterior descending artery (LAD)
During ventricular systole, which valves close to prevent backflow of blood into
the atria? A. Aortic and pulmonary valves B. Mitral and tricuspid valves C.
Pulmonary and tricuspid valves D. Mitral and aortic valves - Correct answer-B.
Mitral and tricuspid valves
The P wave on an ECG (electrocardiogram) represents which part of the cardiac
cycle? A. Atrial depolarization B. Ventricular depolarization C. Ventricular
repolarization D. Atrial repolarization - Correct answer-A. Atrial depolarization
The QRS complex on an ECG represents: A. Ventricular depolarization B. Atrial
depolarization C. Atrial repolarization D. Ventricular repolarization - Correct
answer-A. Ventricular depolarization
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, Which blood vessel carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the body? A.
Pulmonary artery B. Pulmonary vein C. Superior vena cava D. Aorta - Correct
answer-D. Aorta
A patient with angina is likely experiencing what type of chest pain? A. Pain
caused by inflammation of the pericardium B. Pain due to a lack of oxygen to the
heart muscle C. Pain caused by a blockage in the pulmonary artery D. Pain related
to an electrical disturbance in the heart - Correct answer-B. Pain due to a lack of
oxygen to the heart muscle
Which cardiac enzyme is most specific for diagnosing myocardial infarction?A.
Creatine kinase (CK) B. Myoglobin C. Troponin D. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)
- Correct answer-C. Troponin
Which of the following best describes preload in cardiac physiology? A. The
resistance the heart must overcome to eject blood B. The amount of blood
returning to the heart and filling the ventricles C. The speed of the electrical
conduction through the heart D. The amount of blood in the coronary arteries -
Correct answer-B. The amount of blood returning to the heart and filling the
ventricles
Xerostomia - Correct answer-(decreased saliva production), or dry mouth -
common in older adults
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