NR 507 WEEK 8 FINAL QUESTIONS WITH 100%
ACCURATE ANSWERS
Endometrial cycle - Accurate answers The 28 days of the menstrual cycle as they apply to the
events in the uterus. The endometrial cycle has four subphases: menstruation, the proliferative phase,
and the secretory phase, and the ischemic phase .
Proliferative phase - Accurate answers The second phase of the uterine (endometrial) cycle, during
which the endometrium (shed off during menstration is rebuilt). This phase of the cycle is under the
control of estrogen, secreted from the follicle developing in the ovary during this time period. The
proliferative phase typically lasts from day 6 to day 14 of the menstrual cycle.
Secretory phase - Accurate answers The third phase of the uterin (endometrial) cycle, during which
the rebuilt endometrium is enhanced with glycogen and lipid stores. The secretory phase is primarily
under the controll of progestone and estrogen (secreted from the copus luteum during this time period),
adn typically lasts from day 15 to day 28 of the menstrual cycle.
Ischemic phase - Accurate answers Approximately 3 days before menstruation to onset of
menstruation. Due to the decreased production of estrogen or progesterone and the endometrium
becomes blood starved
Menstrual cycle - Accurate answers Cycle during which an egg develops and is released from an
ovary and the uterus is prepared to receive a fertilized egg.
Ovulation - Accurate answers The process of releasing a mature ovum into the fallopian tube each
month
Uterine prolapse - Accurate answers the condition in which the uterus slides from its normal
position in the pelvic cavity and sags into the vagina
Risk factors for uterine prolapse - Accurate answers menopause, pregnancy, coughing,
constipation, obesity, pelvic floor trauma, vaginal birth, hysterectomy, connective tissue disorders, spina
bifida
Uterine prolapse treatment - Accurate answers - kegel exercises
- estrogen therapy
- maintaining a healthy bmi, preventing constipation, treating chronic cough
- pessary
- surgical option s last resort
Polycystic ovarian syndrome - Accurate answers defined as two of the following three features
- irregular ovulation
-elevated adrogens (testosterone)
- and the appearance of polycystic ovaries on ultrasound
, Differentials for pcos - Accurate answers - thyroid dysfunction
- hyperprolactinemia
- congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Characteristics associated with PCOS - Accurate answers -metabolic dysfunction
- dyslipidemia
- insulin resistance
- obesity
Polycystic ovarian syndrome treatment - Accurate answers (1) diagnosis and education;
(2) lifestyle change - loss of 10% of body weight may help;
(3) birth control pills help with some symptoms;
(4) diabetes medications & dietary treatment may slowly normalize physiology (lower sugar, lower
insulin, fewer androgens)
Testicular cancer - Accurate answers malignant tumor in one or both testicles commonly
developing from the germ cells that produce sperm; classified in two groups according to growth
potential
Conditions that increase risk of testicular cancer - Accurate answers - being a man between the
ages of 20-45
- cryptochidism (undescended testicle)
- family history
- previous testicle cancer
- white men are more likely
Symptoms of breast cancer - Accurate answers change in the shape or appearance of your breasts,
skin or nipple changes such as dimpling of the skin, Squeeze each nipple gently to identify any discharge,
chest pain (mets to the lung)
Signs of premenstrual dysphoric disorder - Accurate answers physical - breast tenderness,
abdominal bloating, headache and swelling of extremities
Emotional - depression anger, irritability and fatigue
Resolve with menstruation
Causes of dysfunctional uterine bleeding - Accurate answers can be due to structural (polyp,
malignancies and hyperplasia) or non structural causes (coagulopathy, ovulatory dysfuction,
endometrial
Treatment for abnormal uterine bleeding - Accurate answers - NSAIDS
(reduce prostaglandin, causes vasoconstriction, and decreased menstrual bleeding)
- Oral contraceptives
- Depo provera
- Levonorgestrel intrauterine device
Pathophysiology of prostate cancer - Accurate answers - more than 90% of all cancer arising from
the *prostate are adenocarcinomas (glandular tissue)*
- tumor becomes clinically relevant when local invasion or distant metastasis
ACCURATE ANSWERS
Endometrial cycle - Accurate answers The 28 days of the menstrual cycle as they apply to the
events in the uterus. The endometrial cycle has four subphases: menstruation, the proliferative phase,
and the secretory phase, and the ischemic phase .
Proliferative phase - Accurate answers The second phase of the uterine (endometrial) cycle, during
which the endometrium (shed off during menstration is rebuilt). This phase of the cycle is under the
control of estrogen, secreted from the follicle developing in the ovary during this time period. The
proliferative phase typically lasts from day 6 to day 14 of the menstrual cycle.
Secretory phase - Accurate answers The third phase of the uterin (endometrial) cycle, during which
the rebuilt endometrium is enhanced with glycogen and lipid stores. The secretory phase is primarily
under the controll of progestone and estrogen (secreted from the copus luteum during this time period),
adn typically lasts from day 15 to day 28 of the menstrual cycle.
Ischemic phase - Accurate answers Approximately 3 days before menstruation to onset of
menstruation. Due to the decreased production of estrogen or progesterone and the endometrium
becomes blood starved
Menstrual cycle - Accurate answers Cycle during which an egg develops and is released from an
ovary and the uterus is prepared to receive a fertilized egg.
Ovulation - Accurate answers The process of releasing a mature ovum into the fallopian tube each
month
Uterine prolapse - Accurate answers the condition in which the uterus slides from its normal
position in the pelvic cavity and sags into the vagina
Risk factors for uterine prolapse - Accurate answers menopause, pregnancy, coughing,
constipation, obesity, pelvic floor trauma, vaginal birth, hysterectomy, connective tissue disorders, spina
bifida
Uterine prolapse treatment - Accurate answers - kegel exercises
- estrogen therapy
- maintaining a healthy bmi, preventing constipation, treating chronic cough
- pessary
- surgical option s last resort
Polycystic ovarian syndrome - Accurate answers defined as two of the following three features
- irregular ovulation
-elevated adrogens (testosterone)
- and the appearance of polycystic ovaries on ultrasound
, Differentials for pcos - Accurate answers - thyroid dysfunction
- hyperprolactinemia
- congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Characteristics associated with PCOS - Accurate answers -metabolic dysfunction
- dyslipidemia
- insulin resistance
- obesity
Polycystic ovarian syndrome treatment - Accurate answers (1) diagnosis and education;
(2) lifestyle change - loss of 10% of body weight may help;
(3) birth control pills help with some symptoms;
(4) diabetes medications & dietary treatment may slowly normalize physiology (lower sugar, lower
insulin, fewer androgens)
Testicular cancer - Accurate answers malignant tumor in one or both testicles commonly
developing from the germ cells that produce sperm; classified in two groups according to growth
potential
Conditions that increase risk of testicular cancer - Accurate answers - being a man between the
ages of 20-45
- cryptochidism (undescended testicle)
- family history
- previous testicle cancer
- white men are more likely
Symptoms of breast cancer - Accurate answers change in the shape or appearance of your breasts,
skin or nipple changes such as dimpling of the skin, Squeeze each nipple gently to identify any discharge,
chest pain (mets to the lung)
Signs of premenstrual dysphoric disorder - Accurate answers physical - breast tenderness,
abdominal bloating, headache and swelling of extremities
Emotional - depression anger, irritability and fatigue
Resolve with menstruation
Causes of dysfunctional uterine bleeding - Accurate answers can be due to structural (polyp,
malignancies and hyperplasia) or non structural causes (coagulopathy, ovulatory dysfuction,
endometrial
Treatment for abnormal uterine bleeding - Accurate answers - NSAIDS
(reduce prostaglandin, causes vasoconstriction, and decreased menstrual bleeding)
- Oral contraceptives
- Depo provera
- Levonorgestrel intrauterine device
Pathophysiology of prostate cancer - Accurate answers - more than 90% of all cancer arising from
the *prostate are adenocarcinomas (glandular tissue)*
- tumor becomes clinically relevant when local invasion or distant metastasis
