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Exam (elaborations)

NUR356 – Advanced Nursing Study Guide | Airway, Cardiovascular, and Respiratory Management | ALS & BLS Concepts

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This NUR356 Comprehensive Nursing Study Guide covers essential material on airway management, cardiovascular care, and respiratory system disorders for advanced nursing and clinical practice. It includes detailed explanations of airway obstruction interventions, suctioning, oxygen delivery methods, BLS vs ALS protocols, ECG interpretation, and cardiac arrest management (4 H’s & 4 T’s). The guide also reviews respiratory conditions such as asthma, COPD, pneumonia, and pulmonary edema, alongside cardiovascular emergencies like angina, myocardial infarction, and arrhythmias (VF, VT, PEA, asystole). Ideal for nursing students preparing for clinical exams, OSCEs, or NCLEX-style assessments.

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Uploaded on
October 31, 2025
Number of pages
12
Written in
2025/2026
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NUR356

, What are some potential causes of airway obstruction?
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trauma, anaphylaxis, unconsciousness, head injury (HI/TBI), stroke, low blood sugar level
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(BSL), cardiac arrest, drowning, aspiration, and seizures.
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What are some signs indicating airway obstruction?
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swelling of the throat or tongue, vomiting, presence of blood, respiratory distress, difficul
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ty swallowing, stridor, wheezing, cyanosis, choking, apnea, gurgling sounds, and snoring.
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What nursing interventions can be implemented for specific signs of airway obstruction?
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Suctioning, Oxygen therapy, Head tilt, chin lift, or use of oropharyngeal airway (Guedel).
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• For choking :Back thrusts.
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• For seizures: Place the individual in the recovery position.
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• For stridor: Administration of steroids such as prednisolone, dexamethasone, or adrenaline.
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What are the different airway interventions available, and when should they be utilized?
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Suctioning: Utilized for removing secretions, vomit, or blood obstructing the airway. kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr




• Oropharyngeal airway (Guedel): Contraindicated in conscious individuals; used during unconsci
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ousness to maintain airway patency.
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• Nasopharyngeal airway: Contraindicated in cases of skull injury.
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• Laryngeal mask airway (LMA) or i-gel: Utilized in advanced life support situations.
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• Endotracheal tube (ETT): Inserted into the trachea to secure the airway in critical situations.
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What is a Bag Valve Mask , and what are its functions?
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A Bag Valve Mask (BVM) is a manual resuscitator device used to provide positive pressure
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ventilation to patients. Its functions include:
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• Administering high-flow oxygen up to 15 L/min.
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• Providing Positive End-
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Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) to prevent complete lung deflation during expiration.
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• Allowing controlled ventilation to support breathing.
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What are the main differences between Advanced Life Support (ALS) and Basic Life Support (BLS)
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?
Advanced Life Support (ALS) involves more complex interventions, such as manually defib
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rillating patients, administering specific drugs like adrenaline and amiodarone, and managing ad
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vanced airway devices like endotracheal tubes. In contrast, Basic Life Support (BLS) focuses on fo
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