GNRS515 - ADVANCED
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY – EXAM WITH
100% CORRECT ANSWERS 2025
A 20-year-old male received a knife wound to the arm during an
altercation. Which of the following types of immunity was
compromised?
A. Innate immunity
B. Inflammatory response
C. Adaptive immunity
D. Specific immunity correct answers >> A. Innate immunity
A child fell off the swing and scraped the right knee. The injured
area becomes painful. What else will the nurse observe upon
assessment?
A. Vasoconstriction at injured site
B. Decreased RBC concentration at injured site
C. Pale skin at injured site
D. Edema at injured site correct answers >> D. Edema at
injured site
The microorganisms that make up the normal human flora are
important for:
A. Regulating inflammation
B. Secreting bacteriostatic substances
C. Activating white blood cells
,D. Preventing the colonization and multiplication of pathogens
correct answers >> D. Preventing the colonization and
multiplication of pathogens
A nurse recalls the mast cell, a major activator of inflammation,
initiates the inflammatory response through the process of:
A. Chemotaxis
B. Endocytosis
C. Degranulation
D. Opsonization correct answers >> D. Degranulation
The directional migration of leukocytes along a chemical gradient
is termed:
A. Chemotaxis
B. Endocytosis
C. Margination
D. Diapedesis correct answers >> A. Chemotaxis
A 20-year-old male shoots his hand with a nail gun while replacing
roofing shingles. Which of the following cell types would be the
first to aid in killing bacteria to prevent infection in his hand?
A. Eosinophils
B. Neutrophils
C. Leukotrienes
D. Monocytes correct answers >> B. Neutrophils
,A 25-year-old female experiences a headache and takes aspirin
for relief. A nurse recalls aspirin relieves the headache by:
A. Decreasing leukotriene production
B. Increasing histamine release
C. Decreasing prostaglandin production
D. Increasing platelet-activating factor correct answers >> C.
Decreasing prostaglandin production
A 25-year-old male is in a car accident and sustains a fracture to
his left femur with extensive soft tissue injury. The pain
associated with the injury is related to:
A. Histamine and serotonin
B. Kinins and prostaglandins
C. Vasoconstriction
D. Immune complex formation correct answers >> B. Kinins
and prostaglandins
A 5-year-old male is diagnosed with a bacterial infection. Cultures
of the bacteria revealed lipopolysaccharides on the bacterial cell
surface. Which of the complement pathways would be activated
in this case?
A. Classical pathway
B. Lectin pathway
C. Alternative pathway
D. Kinin pathway correct answers >> C. Alternative pathway
, A nurse is preparing to teach on the subject of opsonins. Which
information should the nurse include? Opsonins are molecules
that:
A. Are composed of fatty acids
B. Regulate inflammation
C. Degranulate mast cells
D. Enhance phagocytosis correct answers >> D. Enhance
phagocytosis
A 10-year-old male is diagnosed with a parasite. Which lab result
should the nurse check for a response to the parasite?
A. Monocytes
B. Eosinophils
C. Neutrophils
D. Macrophages correct answers >> B. Eosinophils
During inflammation, the liver is stimulated to release plasma
proteins, collectively known as:
A. Opsonins
B. Acute phase reactants
C. Antibodies
D. Phagolysosome correct answers >> B. Acute phase
reactants
A 6-year-old female is diagnosed with a bacterial infection of the
respiratory system. Which of the following will most likely try to
fight the antigen?
A. Antibodies
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY – EXAM WITH
100% CORRECT ANSWERS 2025
A 20-year-old male received a knife wound to the arm during an
altercation. Which of the following types of immunity was
compromised?
A. Innate immunity
B. Inflammatory response
C. Adaptive immunity
D. Specific immunity correct answers >> A. Innate immunity
A child fell off the swing and scraped the right knee. The injured
area becomes painful. What else will the nurse observe upon
assessment?
A. Vasoconstriction at injured site
B. Decreased RBC concentration at injured site
C. Pale skin at injured site
D. Edema at injured site correct answers >> D. Edema at
injured site
The microorganisms that make up the normal human flora are
important for:
A. Regulating inflammation
B. Secreting bacteriostatic substances
C. Activating white blood cells
,D. Preventing the colonization and multiplication of pathogens
correct answers >> D. Preventing the colonization and
multiplication of pathogens
A nurse recalls the mast cell, a major activator of inflammation,
initiates the inflammatory response through the process of:
A. Chemotaxis
B. Endocytosis
C. Degranulation
D. Opsonization correct answers >> D. Degranulation
The directional migration of leukocytes along a chemical gradient
is termed:
A. Chemotaxis
B. Endocytosis
C. Margination
D. Diapedesis correct answers >> A. Chemotaxis
A 20-year-old male shoots his hand with a nail gun while replacing
roofing shingles. Which of the following cell types would be the
first to aid in killing bacteria to prevent infection in his hand?
A. Eosinophils
B. Neutrophils
C. Leukotrienes
D. Monocytes correct answers >> B. Neutrophils
,A 25-year-old female experiences a headache and takes aspirin
for relief. A nurse recalls aspirin relieves the headache by:
A. Decreasing leukotriene production
B. Increasing histamine release
C. Decreasing prostaglandin production
D. Increasing platelet-activating factor correct answers >> C.
Decreasing prostaglandin production
A 25-year-old male is in a car accident and sustains a fracture to
his left femur with extensive soft tissue injury. The pain
associated with the injury is related to:
A. Histamine and serotonin
B. Kinins and prostaglandins
C. Vasoconstriction
D. Immune complex formation correct answers >> B. Kinins
and prostaglandins
A 5-year-old male is diagnosed with a bacterial infection. Cultures
of the bacteria revealed lipopolysaccharides on the bacterial cell
surface. Which of the complement pathways would be activated
in this case?
A. Classical pathway
B. Lectin pathway
C. Alternative pathway
D. Kinin pathway correct answers >> C. Alternative pathway
, A nurse is preparing to teach on the subject of opsonins. Which
information should the nurse include? Opsonins are molecules
that:
A. Are composed of fatty acids
B. Regulate inflammation
C. Degranulate mast cells
D. Enhance phagocytosis correct answers >> D. Enhance
phagocytosis
A 10-year-old male is diagnosed with a parasite. Which lab result
should the nurse check for a response to the parasite?
A. Monocytes
B. Eosinophils
C. Neutrophils
D. Macrophages correct answers >> B. Eosinophils
During inflammation, the liver is stimulated to release plasma
proteins, collectively known as:
A. Opsonins
B. Acute phase reactants
C. Antibodies
D. Phagolysosome correct answers >> B. Acute phase
reactants
A 6-year-old female is diagnosed with a bacterial infection of the
respiratory system. Which of the following will most likely try to
fight the antigen?
A. Antibodies
