HESI Pharmacology Exit Exam V2
(ACTUAL EXAM) Questions and
Answers Latest Versions 2025
What is the indication for metoclopramide/reglan?
Prevention of chemotherapy-induced emesis and diabetic
gastroparesis
Side effects of metoclopramide/reglan
Drowsiness, EPS such as tremors
Notify MD if what occurs when using metoclopramide/reglan
Tremors
What is the indication xenical (orlistat, Alli)
For PTs with BMI of 30+; LT weight control
SE of xenical (orlistat or alli)
Oily stool and flatulence
Nursing implications for a pt on xenical (orlistat or alli)
Ask pt to describe dietary intake since SE are increased if greater
than 30% of fat is in diet.
What can decrease side effects of xenical (orlistat or alli)
Fiber laxatives like Metamucil help decrease SE by binding to the
fat.
Which type of fluids need plenty of water?
Bulk forming laxatives
Why do you need plenty of fluids when taking bulk forming
laxatives
Because they can produce esophageal and or intestinal
obstruction
Laxative use assessment
Last BM and characteristics, abdominal pain, fever and
obstruction. Assess dietary and fluid intake.
With laxative use the nurse should
Encourage fluids, fiber and exercise as tolerated/indicated
,Laxative use and result in
Lack of bowel tone which can lead to dependency
what is ondansetron (zofran)
antiemetic
What is ondansetron (zofran)used for?
Prevention of N/V associated with chemotherapy and radiation
therapy.
Who should you use caution with when giving
ondansetron/zofran?
PTs with liver failure
Drugs for ulcerative colitis and crohns
5 aminosalicylates; mesalamie, sulfasalazine.
How do 5 aminosalicylates; (mesalamie, sulfasalazine) work?
They decrease GI inflammation
Side effects of 5 aminosalicylates; (mesalamie, sulfasalazine)
Nausea, rash, arthralgia, hematological disorders
Which drug can cause colitis/c.diff
Linezolid/zyvox
What kind of infection is c.diff
Suprainfection
What is azithromycin/zithromax?
An antibiotic
What does azithromycin/zithromax treat?
STDs such as: gonorrhea and chlamydia
How much azithromycin/zithromax is usually required?
One dose of 1g or 2g.
If a female pt has trichomonas (any STI) and is asymptomatic
does the male need to be tested?
Yes!
azithromycin/zithromax can cause what?
Hepatotoxicity- elevated liver enzymes
What is nitrofurantoin/cipro used for?
An antibiotic for UTI
nitrofurantoin/cipro side effect
Hepatotoxicity, skin reactions, neuropathy
, nitrofurantoin/cipro nursing considerations
Give with milk or meals check LFTs. Watch for numbness or
tingling of extremities this can be an irreversible peripheral
neuropathy
Drug of choice for treating c.diff?
Metronidazole/flagyl
When is metronidazole/flagyl to be taken?
With food and around the clock
What should be avoided when taking metronidazole/flagyl
and why?
Alcohol; can cause a disulfiram-like reaction
aminoglycosides examples
gentamicin(garamycin), neomycin, tobramycin(nebcin)
how are aminoglycosides ,(-mycin, -micin), administered?
given IV for several days
what is an adverse effect of aminoglycosides (-mycin, -micin)
decreased hearing/ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity
what labs need to be evaluated when given aminoglycosides
(-mycin, -micin)?
BUN and creatinine
DOC for MRSA
vancomycin
what is MRSA
severe staph infections that have become resistant to most
antibiotics
implications for giving vancomycin
acute care requires frequent monitoring og serum drug level for
dose adjustment. peak and trough schedule. trough is drawn just
prior to next dose.
risks when using vancomycin
nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity
SE of vancomycin
thrombophlebitis, red man syndrome if infused too rapidly:
flushing or rash of upper body, dyspnea, itching, hypotension- can
be lethal
(ACTUAL EXAM) Questions and
Answers Latest Versions 2025
What is the indication for metoclopramide/reglan?
Prevention of chemotherapy-induced emesis and diabetic
gastroparesis
Side effects of metoclopramide/reglan
Drowsiness, EPS such as tremors
Notify MD if what occurs when using metoclopramide/reglan
Tremors
What is the indication xenical (orlistat, Alli)
For PTs with BMI of 30+; LT weight control
SE of xenical (orlistat or alli)
Oily stool and flatulence
Nursing implications for a pt on xenical (orlistat or alli)
Ask pt to describe dietary intake since SE are increased if greater
than 30% of fat is in diet.
What can decrease side effects of xenical (orlistat or alli)
Fiber laxatives like Metamucil help decrease SE by binding to the
fat.
Which type of fluids need plenty of water?
Bulk forming laxatives
Why do you need plenty of fluids when taking bulk forming
laxatives
Because they can produce esophageal and or intestinal
obstruction
Laxative use assessment
Last BM and characteristics, abdominal pain, fever and
obstruction. Assess dietary and fluid intake.
With laxative use the nurse should
Encourage fluids, fiber and exercise as tolerated/indicated
,Laxative use and result in
Lack of bowel tone which can lead to dependency
what is ondansetron (zofran)
antiemetic
What is ondansetron (zofran)used for?
Prevention of N/V associated with chemotherapy and radiation
therapy.
Who should you use caution with when giving
ondansetron/zofran?
PTs with liver failure
Drugs for ulcerative colitis and crohns
5 aminosalicylates; mesalamie, sulfasalazine.
How do 5 aminosalicylates; (mesalamie, sulfasalazine) work?
They decrease GI inflammation
Side effects of 5 aminosalicylates; (mesalamie, sulfasalazine)
Nausea, rash, arthralgia, hematological disorders
Which drug can cause colitis/c.diff
Linezolid/zyvox
What kind of infection is c.diff
Suprainfection
What is azithromycin/zithromax?
An antibiotic
What does azithromycin/zithromax treat?
STDs such as: gonorrhea and chlamydia
How much azithromycin/zithromax is usually required?
One dose of 1g or 2g.
If a female pt has trichomonas (any STI) and is asymptomatic
does the male need to be tested?
Yes!
azithromycin/zithromax can cause what?
Hepatotoxicity- elevated liver enzymes
What is nitrofurantoin/cipro used for?
An antibiotic for UTI
nitrofurantoin/cipro side effect
Hepatotoxicity, skin reactions, neuropathy
, nitrofurantoin/cipro nursing considerations
Give with milk or meals check LFTs. Watch for numbness or
tingling of extremities this can be an irreversible peripheral
neuropathy
Drug of choice for treating c.diff?
Metronidazole/flagyl
When is metronidazole/flagyl to be taken?
With food and around the clock
What should be avoided when taking metronidazole/flagyl
and why?
Alcohol; can cause a disulfiram-like reaction
aminoglycosides examples
gentamicin(garamycin), neomycin, tobramycin(nebcin)
how are aminoglycosides ,(-mycin, -micin), administered?
given IV for several days
what is an adverse effect of aminoglycosides (-mycin, -micin)
decreased hearing/ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity
what labs need to be evaluated when given aminoglycosides
(-mycin, -micin)?
BUN and creatinine
DOC for MRSA
vancomycin
what is MRSA
severe staph infections that have become resistant to most
antibiotics
implications for giving vancomycin
acute care requires frequent monitoring og serum drug level for
dose adjustment. peak and trough schedule. trough is drawn just
prior to next dose.
risks when using vancomycin
nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity
SE of vancomycin
thrombophlebitis, red man syndrome if infused too rapidly:
flushing or rash of upper body, dyspnea, itching, hypotension- can
be lethal
