UTMB ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 5355 Exam
3 QUESTION AND SOLUTIONS 100
Biogenic Amine Theory linked to depression - (ANSWERS)Deficiency of
neurotransmitters in brain of norepinephrine, dopamine, and/or serotonin.
Particularly, a decrease in receptor binding with serotonin.
Neurotransmitter Receptor Hypothesis linked to depression - (ANSWERS)A
deficiency of monoamine neurotransmitters at neuronal synapses.
Antidepressants increase - (ANSWERS)Neuronal synaptic levels of monoamine
neurotransmitters.
If you have more receptors than neurotransmitters - (ANSWERS)Neurotransmitter
do not have time to re-charge thus, they do not function properly.
Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) System Dysregulation - (ANSWERS)HPA
system dysregulation with excessive glucocorticoid secretion is found in a large
percentage of people suffering from major depression.
Patho of Alzheimer's includes - plaque formation, presence of --, with decreased
levels of - - (ANSWERS)Amyloid B, neurofibrillary tangles, acetylcholine these
disrupt impulse transmission
Neurofibrillary tangles - (ANSWERS)are a deformation of the structure that carries
nutrients to neurons of the brain.
Decreased levels of choline acetyl transferase and acetylcholine is associated with
(ANSWERS)Memory loss
Most common cause of dementia - (ANSWERS)Alzheimer's disease fatal 5-10 yea
Characteristics of Alzheimer's - (ANSWERS)Loss of memory, language , inability
,UTMB ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 5355 Exam
3 QUESTION AND SOLUTIONS 100
to learn new things, dysfunction, delusions, cannot perform adls, majorly effects
social life
Parkinson's Disease is - (ANSWERS)Chronic motor progressive neuro-degenerativ
known as a shaking palsy
Parkinson's disease is associated with - (ANSWERS)basal ganglia dysfunction and
atrophy of neurons in the substantia nigra that produce dopamine;
Characteristics of Parkinson's disease - (ANSWERS)Tremors at rest, rigidity,
bradykinesia, muscular rigidity and postural abnormalities.
2 Main Categories of CVA - (ANSWERS)Hemorrhagic and Ischemic
Hemorrhagic CVA - (ANSWERS)Blood produces inflammatory reaction, swelling
displaces brain tissue and increases ICP
2 types of hemorrhagic stroke - (ANSWERS)Intracerebral and subarachnoid
Intracerebral Hemorrhage - (ANSWERS)Blood vessel leaks directly into brain
tissue
Subarachnoid hemorrhage - (ANSWERS)Bleeding into the subarachnoid space,
caused by trauma, aneurysm rupture presents as "worst headache of life". Surgical
emergency
Ischemic CVA - (ANSWERS)reduction in cerebral blood flow results in hypoxia
and irreversible cell death with associated cerebral edema
3 types of ischemic CVA - (ANSWERS)thrombotic, embolic, hypercoagulable
,UTMB ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 5355 Exam
3 QUESTION AND SOLUTIONS 100
states.
Thrombotic - (ANSWERS)caused by atherosclerosis blocking vessels. Obstruction
of blood vessel due to localized occlusive process
Embolic - (ANSWERS)caused by blood clot, fat or air embolus traveling from
distant site to brain
Hypercoaguable state - (ANSWERS)conditions such as sickle cell disease,
polycythemia causing blood clot to form and obstruct vessel
Multiple sclerosis - (ANSWERS)chronic, inflammatory autoimmune demyelinating
disease of the CNS. : patho includes CNS demyelination thought to be caused by an
immune reaction
Acetylcholine - (ANSWERS)excitatory or inhibitory, enables muscle action,
learning, memory- involved in memory impairment in Alzheimer's disease
Norepinephrine - (ANSWERS)Helps control alertness and arousal. Under supply
can depress mood.
Serotonin - (ANSWERS)inhibitory, involved with mood, hunger, sleep, and arousa
insufficient linked to depression, involved in migraine headaches, Prozac and
antidepressant drugs raise levels
Dopamine - (ANSWERS)excitatory, influences movement, learning, emotions,
pleasure, decreased levels associated with tremors in parkinson's and depression,
excess linked to schizophrenia
GABA - (ANSWERS)major inhibitory, undersupply linked to anxiety, seizures,
3 QUESTION AND SOLUTIONS 100
Biogenic Amine Theory linked to depression - (ANSWERS)Deficiency of
neurotransmitters in brain of norepinephrine, dopamine, and/or serotonin.
Particularly, a decrease in receptor binding with serotonin.
Neurotransmitter Receptor Hypothesis linked to depression - (ANSWERS)A
deficiency of monoamine neurotransmitters at neuronal synapses.
Antidepressants increase - (ANSWERS)Neuronal synaptic levels of monoamine
neurotransmitters.
If you have more receptors than neurotransmitters - (ANSWERS)Neurotransmitter
do not have time to re-charge thus, they do not function properly.
Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) System Dysregulation - (ANSWERS)HPA
system dysregulation with excessive glucocorticoid secretion is found in a large
percentage of people suffering from major depression.
Patho of Alzheimer's includes - plaque formation, presence of --, with decreased
levels of - - (ANSWERS)Amyloid B, neurofibrillary tangles, acetylcholine these
disrupt impulse transmission
Neurofibrillary tangles - (ANSWERS)are a deformation of the structure that carries
nutrients to neurons of the brain.
Decreased levels of choline acetyl transferase and acetylcholine is associated with
(ANSWERS)Memory loss
Most common cause of dementia - (ANSWERS)Alzheimer's disease fatal 5-10 yea
Characteristics of Alzheimer's - (ANSWERS)Loss of memory, language , inability
,UTMB ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 5355 Exam
3 QUESTION AND SOLUTIONS 100
to learn new things, dysfunction, delusions, cannot perform adls, majorly effects
social life
Parkinson's Disease is - (ANSWERS)Chronic motor progressive neuro-degenerativ
known as a shaking palsy
Parkinson's disease is associated with - (ANSWERS)basal ganglia dysfunction and
atrophy of neurons in the substantia nigra that produce dopamine;
Characteristics of Parkinson's disease - (ANSWERS)Tremors at rest, rigidity,
bradykinesia, muscular rigidity and postural abnormalities.
2 Main Categories of CVA - (ANSWERS)Hemorrhagic and Ischemic
Hemorrhagic CVA - (ANSWERS)Blood produces inflammatory reaction, swelling
displaces brain tissue and increases ICP
2 types of hemorrhagic stroke - (ANSWERS)Intracerebral and subarachnoid
Intracerebral Hemorrhage - (ANSWERS)Blood vessel leaks directly into brain
tissue
Subarachnoid hemorrhage - (ANSWERS)Bleeding into the subarachnoid space,
caused by trauma, aneurysm rupture presents as "worst headache of life". Surgical
emergency
Ischemic CVA - (ANSWERS)reduction in cerebral blood flow results in hypoxia
and irreversible cell death with associated cerebral edema
3 types of ischemic CVA - (ANSWERS)thrombotic, embolic, hypercoagulable
,UTMB ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 5355 Exam
3 QUESTION AND SOLUTIONS 100
states.
Thrombotic - (ANSWERS)caused by atherosclerosis blocking vessels. Obstruction
of blood vessel due to localized occlusive process
Embolic - (ANSWERS)caused by blood clot, fat or air embolus traveling from
distant site to brain
Hypercoaguable state - (ANSWERS)conditions such as sickle cell disease,
polycythemia causing blood clot to form and obstruct vessel
Multiple sclerosis - (ANSWERS)chronic, inflammatory autoimmune demyelinating
disease of the CNS. : patho includes CNS demyelination thought to be caused by an
immune reaction
Acetylcholine - (ANSWERS)excitatory or inhibitory, enables muscle action,
learning, memory- involved in memory impairment in Alzheimer's disease
Norepinephrine - (ANSWERS)Helps control alertness and arousal. Under supply
can depress mood.
Serotonin - (ANSWERS)inhibitory, involved with mood, hunger, sleep, and arousa
insufficient linked to depression, involved in migraine headaches, Prozac and
antidepressant drugs raise levels
Dopamine - (ANSWERS)excitatory, influences movement, learning, emotions,
pleasure, decreased levels associated with tremors in parkinson's and depression,
excess linked to schizophrenia
GABA - (ANSWERS)major inhibitory, undersupply linked to anxiety, seizures,
