532 Exam 2 with correct answers |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Salter-Harris type I - correct answer✔✔Fracture through the physis |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Salter Harris Type II - correct answer✔✔Fracture starts through the physis and ends on the
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
shaft, creating a displaced wedge
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Salter Harris Type III - correct answer✔✔a physeal fracture that extends through the epiphysis
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
into the joint
|||\\\ |||\\\
Salter-Harris Type IV - correct answer✔✔fracture through the metaphysis, physis and epiphysis
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Salter-Harris type V - correct answer✔✔crush injury to physis |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Galeazzi maneuver - correct answer✔✔Can signal leg length discrepancies
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Barlow maneuver - correct answer✔✔place your index and middle finger over the greater
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
tronchanter. Gently push both knees together at midline downwards. |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Positive:"Clunk" sounds or palpating trochangter being displaced by the index/middle finger |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Ortolani maneuver - correct answer✔✔Reduces the dislocated femoral head back into the
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
acetabulum
A positive Ortolani maneuver is a palpable clunk as the femoral head moves over the
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
acetabular ring |||\\\
,Klisic Test - correct answer✔✔One finger on greater trochanter, one on anterosuperior iliac
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
spine. Imaginary line should point to umbillicus. If not suggestive of hip dislocation.
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Trendelenburg sign - correct answer✔✔When the child stands on the good leg, the pelvis |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
looks level. When the child stands on the affected leg the pelvis drops toward the good side.
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Suggests weakness in hip abduction |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Adam's test - correct answer✔✔Forward bending test for Scoliosis
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Spinal rotation greater than ______ on Adam's test needs further eval. - correct answer✔✔5-7
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
degrees
|||\\\
Annular ligament displacement - correct answer✔✔Nursemaid's elbow|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
S/S Annular ligament displacement - correct answer✔✔Pain, difficulty with supination
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Erb-Duchenne palsy - correct answer✔✔upper brachial plexus injury causing paralysis of arm, |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
wasting of hand muscles, and decreased sensation; arm held in characteristic "waiter's tip
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
position;" recovery usually btwn 3-24 months |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Dejerine Klumpke palsy - correct answer✔✔Injury to the lower brachial plexus (C8-T1 roots);
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
impair hand function; ipsilateral ptosis and miosis
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Sign of Erb's Palsy - correct answer✔✔waiter's tip
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Primary care management of neonatal brachial plexus - correct answer✔✔Refer ASAP,
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
preferably in first week of life |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Common inflammatory cause of chest pain in children - correct answer✔✔costochondritis
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
, Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease - correct answer✔✔degeneration of femoral head due to avascular |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
necrosis.
|||\\\
Risk factors for Legg-Calve-Perthes - correct answer✔✔boys, low SES, low birth weight, ages 4-
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
8
S/S of Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease - correct answer✔✔painless limp
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
hip stiffness |||\\\
shortening of affected leg |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Management of Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease - correct answer✔✔Refer to ortho |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Clinical findings of slipped capital femoral epiphysis - correct answer✔✔-diffuse pain in
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
affected hip, groin, knee |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
-limping, abnormal gait |||\\\ |||\\\
-external rotation of affected leg |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
-if unstable, may not be able to bear weight
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Management of slipped capital femoral epiphysis - correct answer✔✔- Immediate referral to |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Orthopedist
- No ambulation permitted
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
- Monitor other hip for SCFE (high incidence of contralateral occurrence in next 6-12 months)
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
chondrolysis - correct answer✔✔degeneration of cartilage |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
At what age is toeing-in gait normal? - correct answer✔✔3-6 years old
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Salter-Harris type I - correct answer✔✔Fracture through the physis |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Salter Harris Type II - correct answer✔✔Fracture starts through the physis and ends on the
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
shaft, creating a displaced wedge
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Salter Harris Type III - correct answer✔✔a physeal fracture that extends through the epiphysis
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
into the joint
|||\\\ |||\\\
Salter-Harris Type IV - correct answer✔✔fracture through the metaphysis, physis and epiphysis
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Salter-Harris type V - correct answer✔✔crush injury to physis |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Galeazzi maneuver - correct answer✔✔Can signal leg length discrepancies
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Barlow maneuver - correct answer✔✔place your index and middle finger over the greater
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
tronchanter. Gently push both knees together at midline downwards. |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Positive:"Clunk" sounds or palpating trochangter being displaced by the index/middle finger |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Ortolani maneuver - correct answer✔✔Reduces the dislocated femoral head back into the
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
acetabulum
A positive Ortolani maneuver is a palpable clunk as the femoral head moves over the
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
acetabular ring |||\\\
,Klisic Test - correct answer✔✔One finger on greater trochanter, one on anterosuperior iliac
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
spine. Imaginary line should point to umbillicus. If not suggestive of hip dislocation.
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Trendelenburg sign - correct answer✔✔When the child stands on the good leg, the pelvis |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
looks level. When the child stands on the affected leg the pelvis drops toward the good side.
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Suggests weakness in hip abduction |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Adam's test - correct answer✔✔Forward bending test for Scoliosis
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Spinal rotation greater than ______ on Adam's test needs further eval. - correct answer✔✔5-7
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
degrees
|||\\\
Annular ligament displacement - correct answer✔✔Nursemaid's elbow|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
S/S Annular ligament displacement - correct answer✔✔Pain, difficulty with supination
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Erb-Duchenne palsy - correct answer✔✔upper brachial plexus injury causing paralysis of arm, |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
wasting of hand muscles, and decreased sensation; arm held in characteristic "waiter's tip
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
position;" recovery usually btwn 3-24 months |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Dejerine Klumpke palsy - correct answer✔✔Injury to the lower brachial plexus (C8-T1 roots);
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
impair hand function; ipsilateral ptosis and miosis
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Sign of Erb's Palsy - correct answer✔✔waiter's tip
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Primary care management of neonatal brachial plexus - correct answer✔✔Refer ASAP,
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
preferably in first week of life |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Common inflammatory cause of chest pain in children - correct answer✔✔costochondritis
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
, Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease - correct answer✔✔degeneration of femoral head due to avascular |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
necrosis.
|||\\\
Risk factors for Legg-Calve-Perthes - correct answer✔✔boys, low SES, low birth weight, ages 4-
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
8
S/S of Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease - correct answer✔✔painless limp
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
hip stiffness |||\\\
shortening of affected leg |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Management of Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease - correct answer✔✔Refer to ortho |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Clinical findings of slipped capital femoral epiphysis - correct answer✔✔-diffuse pain in
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
affected hip, groin, knee |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
-limping, abnormal gait |||\\\ |||\\\
-external rotation of affected leg |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
-if unstable, may not be able to bear weight
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Management of slipped capital femoral epiphysis - correct answer✔✔- Immediate referral to |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Orthopedist
- No ambulation permitted
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
- Monitor other hip for SCFE (high incidence of contralateral occurrence in next 6-12 months)
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
chondrolysis - correct answer✔✔degeneration of cartilage |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
At what age is toeing-in gait normal? - correct answer✔✔3-6 years old
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
