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FINL EXAM: AN INTRODUCTION TO GENERIC
ANALYSIS 10TH EDITION BY ANTONY J.F.
GRIFFITHS, JOHN DOEBLEY, CATHERINE
PEICHEL, AND DAVID A. WASSARMAN |LATEST
UPDATE 2025
RATED
MULTIPLE CHOICES
1. The early 1900s was an important period for genetics due to which of the following major
events?
A)
the rediscovery of Gregor Mendel's scientific findings
B)
Watson and Crick solving the structure of DNA
C)
All of the answer options are correct. - Correct A
Question. 2. Which of the following is/are FALSE about genes?
A) Genes are located on chromosomes.
B) Genes come in variants known as alleles.
C) Genes always encode protein products.
D) None of the answer options are correct - Correct C
Question. 3. A botanist has determined that flower color in a new species of orchid is
determined by a gene with two alleles, one of which is dominant. The dominant flower color
is red. The recessive flower color is white. How many recessive alleles must an orchid
possess in order to demonstrate white flowers?
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A) Zero
B) One
C) Two
D) Three
E) four - Correct C
Question. Which of the following is a correct representation of the central dogma?
A) RNA → DNA → Protein
B) Protein → DNA → RNA
C) DNA → RNA → Protein
D) DNA → Protein → DNA - Correct C
Question. Which of the following features make a species suitable as a model organism?
A) Small organism
B) Short generation time
C) Small genome
D) Produce large number of offspring
E) All of the answer options are correct - Correct E
Question. Ecologists are sampling mice from different parks in New York City. Most of the
mice these researchers collect demonstrate "straight" tails; however, few mice exhibit
"curly" tails. In this scenario, a "straight" tail would be considered the _________
phenotype, and a "curly" tail would be considered a __________ phenotype.
a) heterogametic; homogametic
b) polymorphism; wild-type
c) mutant; wild-type
d) wild-type; mutant
e) None of the above. - Correct D
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Question. . If a plant of genotype A/a is selfed, and numerous offspring are scored, what
proportion of the progeny is expected to have homozygous genotypes?
A) 0 B) 25% C) 50% D) 75% E) 100% - Correct C
Question. A wild-type strain of haploid yeast is crossed to a mutant strain with phenotype d.
What phenotypic ratios will be observed in the haploid progeny?
A) All wild type
B) 75% wild type and 25% mutant (d)
C) 50% wild type and 50% mutant (d)
D) 25% wild type and 75% mutant (d)
E) All mutant (d) - Correct C
Question. What is the mechanism that ensures Mendel's first law of segregation?
A) Formation of chiasmata
B) Formation of the kinetochore
C) Pairing of homologous chromosomes
D) Segregation of homologous chromosomes during meiosis I - Correct D
Question. . What is the maximum number of heterozygous genotypes that could be
produced by monohybrid self? A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 - Correct 1
Question. In pet rabbits, brown coat color is recessive to black coat color. A black female
rabbit gives birth to four black-coated and three brown-coated baby rabbits. What can be
deduced about the genotype of the baby rabbits' father?
A) He could be heterozygous black/brown or homozygous brown.
B) He could be heterozygous black/brown or homozygous black.
C) He must be heterozygous black/brown.
D) He must be homozygous black.
E) He must be homozygous brown. - Correct A
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Question. A very common type of red-green colorblindness in humans is caused by a
mutation in a gene located on the X chromosome. Knowing that the mutant allele is
recessive to the wild type, what is the probability that the daughter whose mother is a
carrier is going to also be a carrier? A) 0% B) 25% C) 50% D) 75% E) 100% - Correct C
Question. Cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive condition. If a normal couple who have a
boy with cystic fibrosis want to have two more children, what is the probability that all of
these children will be unaffected? A) 1/64 B) 3/64 C) 4/64 D) 9/64 E) 1 - Correct D
Question. . If genes assort independently, a testcrossed dihybrid characteristically produces
progeny phenotypes in the ratio: A) 1:1 B) 1:1:1:1 C) 1:2:1 D) 3:1 E) 9:3:3:1 - Correct B
Question. In a haploid fungus similar to Neurospora, a red-colored mutant is crossed to an
alanine-requiring mutant. Assuming independent assortment, what proportion of the spores
produced will be alaninerequiring? A) 1/16 B) 3/16 C) 1/4 D) 1/2 E) 3/4 - Correct D
Question. Two pure-breeding mutant plants were crossed: One had small leaves (wild-type
leaves are large), and the other made pink flowers (wild-type flowers are purple). All F1
individuals had large leaves and purple flowers. Assuming independent assortment, what
proportion of the F2 individuals are expected to be phenotypically wild type? A) 1/16 B)
3/16 C) 1/4 D) 9/16 E) 3/4 - Correct D
Question. . A male Drosophila melanogaster is genotypically e+ /e- , where e (ebony) is an
autosomal gene. Of the four gametes produced during meiosis, how many of these gametes
will likely carry both the e+ allele and the X chromosome (assuming that alleles in flies follow
Mendel's first and second laws)? A) none B) 1/4 C) 1/2 D) 3/4 E) all of them - Correct
B
Question. If a plant of genotype A/a ; B/b ; C/c ; D/d is selfed and the genes assort
independently, how many different genotypes will be found among the progeny? A) 4 B) 16
C) 24 D) 64 E) 81 - Correct E
FINL EXAM: AN INTRODUCTION TO GENERIC
ANALYSIS 10TH EDITION BY ANTONY J.F.
GRIFFITHS, JOHN DOEBLEY, CATHERINE
PEICHEL, AND DAVID A. WASSARMAN |LATEST
UPDATE 2025
RATED
MULTIPLE CHOICES
1. The early 1900s was an important period for genetics due to which of the following major
events?
A)
the rediscovery of Gregor Mendel's scientific findings
B)
Watson and Crick solving the structure of DNA
C)
All of the answer options are correct. - Correct A
Question. 2. Which of the following is/are FALSE about genes?
A) Genes are located on chromosomes.
B) Genes come in variants known as alleles.
C) Genes always encode protein products.
D) None of the answer options are correct - Correct C
Question. 3. A botanist has determined that flower color in a new species of orchid is
determined by a gene with two alleles, one of which is dominant. The dominant flower color
is red. The recessive flower color is white. How many recessive alleles must an orchid
possess in order to demonstrate white flowers?
, Page |2
A) Zero
B) One
C) Two
D) Three
E) four - Correct C
Question. Which of the following is a correct representation of the central dogma?
A) RNA → DNA → Protein
B) Protein → DNA → RNA
C) DNA → RNA → Protein
D) DNA → Protein → DNA - Correct C
Question. Which of the following features make a species suitable as a model organism?
A) Small organism
B) Short generation time
C) Small genome
D) Produce large number of offspring
E) All of the answer options are correct - Correct E
Question. Ecologists are sampling mice from different parks in New York City. Most of the
mice these researchers collect demonstrate "straight" tails; however, few mice exhibit
"curly" tails. In this scenario, a "straight" tail would be considered the _________
phenotype, and a "curly" tail would be considered a __________ phenotype.
a) heterogametic; homogametic
b) polymorphism; wild-type
c) mutant; wild-type
d) wild-type; mutant
e) None of the above. - Correct D
, Page |3
Question. . If a plant of genotype A/a is selfed, and numerous offspring are scored, what
proportion of the progeny is expected to have homozygous genotypes?
A) 0 B) 25% C) 50% D) 75% E) 100% - Correct C
Question. A wild-type strain of haploid yeast is crossed to a mutant strain with phenotype d.
What phenotypic ratios will be observed in the haploid progeny?
A) All wild type
B) 75% wild type and 25% mutant (d)
C) 50% wild type and 50% mutant (d)
D) 25% wild type and 75% mutant (d)
E) All mutant (d) - Correct C
Question. What is the mechanism that ensures Mendel's first law of segregation?
A) Formation of chiasmata
B) Formation of the kinetochore
C) Pairing of homologous chromosomes
D) Segregation of homologous chromosomes during meiosis I - Correct D
Question. . What is the maximum number of heterozygous genotypes that could be
produced by monohybrid self? A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 - Correct 1
Question. In pet rabbits, brown coat color is recessive to black coat color. A black female
rabbit gives birth to four black-coated and three brown-coated baby rabbits. What can be
deduced about the genotype of the baby rabbits' father?
A) He could be heterozygous black/brown or homozygous brown.
B) He could be heterozygous black/brown or homozygous black.
C) He must be heterozygous black/brown.
D) He must be homozygous black.
E) He must be homozygous brown. - Correct A
, Page |4
Question. A very common type of red-green colorblindness in humans is caused by a
mutation in a gene located on the X chromosome. Knowing that the mutant allele is
recessive to the wild type, what is the probability that the daughter whose mother is a
carrier is going to also be a carrier? A) 0% B) 25% C) 50% D) 75% E) 100% - Correct C
Question. Cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive condition. If a normal couple who have a
boy with cystic fibrosis want to have two more children, what is the probability that all of
these children will be unaffected? A) 1/64 B) 3/64 C) 4/64 D) 9/64 E) 1 - Correct D
Question. . If genes assort independently, a testcrossed dihybrid characteristically produces
progeny phenotypes in the ratio: A) 1:1 B) 1:1:1:1 C) 1:2:1 D) 3:1 E) 9:3:3:1 - Correct B
Question. In a haploid fungus similar to Neurospora, a red-colored mutant is crossed to an
alanine-requiring mutant. Assuming independent assortment, what proportion of the spores
produced will be alaninerequiring? A) 1/16 B) 3/16 C) 1/4 D) 1/2 E) 3/4 - Correct D
Question. Two pure-breeding mutant plants were crossed: One had small leaves (wild-type
leaves are large), and the other made pink flowers (wild-type flowers are purple). All F1
individuals had large leaves and purple flowers. Assuming independent assortment, what
proportion of the F2 individuals are expected to be phenotypically wild type? A) 1/16 B)
3/16 C) 1/4 D) 9/16 E) 3/4 - Correct D
Question. . A male Drosophila melanogaster is genotypically e+ /e- , where e (ebony) is an
autosomal gene. Of the four gametes produced during meiosis, how many of these gametes
will likely carry both the e+ allele and the X chromosome (assuming that alleles in flies follow
Mendel's first and second laws)? A) none B) 1/4 C) 1/2 D) 3/4 E) all of them - Correct
B
Question. If a plant of genotype A/a ; B/b ; C/c ; D/d is selfed and the genes assort
independently, how many different genotypes will be found among the progeny? A) 4 B) 16
C) 24 D) 64 E) 81 - Correct E
