, PANCE Exam Professionalism Questions Explained
1.
, PANCE Exam Professionalism Questions Explained
2. Utilitarianism holds that the most ethical choice is the one that will produce the greatest
amount of benefit for the most people. It is a consequence-oriented
theory that judges the rightness or wrongness of decisions based on
outcomes or predicted outcomes
3. Deontology is a duty-oriented ethical theory that uses rules to distinguish right and
wrong. There is no weighing the costs and benefits of a situation. We have
a duty to adhere to rules, i.e. the Ten Commandments
4. Virtue ethics says we should act out of courage, justice, charity and wisdom. It gives us
a guide for living life without giving us specific rules for resolving ethical
dilemmas
5. Principlism is a commonly used ethical approach in healthcare and biomedical
sciences. It emphasizes four key principles of autonomy, beneficence,
non-maleficence, and justice and blends these with virtues and practical
wisdom
6. Autonomy is freedom of choice, self-determination and privacy. Patients have the
right to choose treatments or behaviors so long as they do not intentionally
inflict harm to others
7. Nonmaleficence obligates health care professionals neither to inflict harm nor to impose
risks of harm. In many medical situations, non-maleficence must be bal-
anced with the principle of beneficence (an action done for the benefit of
others)
8. Beneficence the obligation to benefit others or to seek their good, potentially demands
more than the principle of nonmaleficence because health professionals
must take positive steps to help their patients, not merely refrain from
harmful acts
9. Justice