HESI A2 - A&P EXAM QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS RATED 100% CORRECT
Tissue - correct answer ✔✔Group of cells that work together to perform specific functions
4 tissue types & function - correct answer ✔✔Epithelial: cover, line, and protect the body and
its internal organs
Connective: the framework of the body, providing support and structure for the organs.
Nerve: composed of neurons and connective tissue cells that are referred to as neuroglia
Muscle: has the ability to contract or shorten. It is classified as voluntary muscle (skeletal
muscles) or involuntary muscle (smooth muscle and cardiac muscle)
Explain Mitosis - correct answer ✔✔Essential for growth and repair. In this process DNA is
duplicated and distributed evenly to two caught cells
Explain Meiosis - correct answer ✔✔The special cell division that takes place in the gonads, that
is, the ovaries and testes. In the process of meiosis, the chromosome number is reduced from
46 to 23, so when the egg and sperm unite in fertilization the zygote will have the correct
number of chromosomes.
Functions of the Skeletal system (7) - correct answer ✔✔1. Support
2. Movement
3. Blood cell formation (hemopoiesis)
4. Protection of internal organs
5. Detoxification (removal of poisons)
6. Provision for muscle attachment
7. Mineral storage (particularly Ca2+ and phosphorus)
,The body framework consists of (4) - correct answer ✔✔1. Bone
2. Cartilage
3. Ligaments
4. Joints
Individual bones are classified by shape: 5 - correct answer ✔✔1. Long bones
2. Short bones
3. Flat bones
4. Irregular bones
5. Sesamoid bones
Osteoblasts - correct answer ✔✔Cells that form compact bone. When they become fixed in the
dense bone matrix, they stop dividing but continue to maintain bone tissue as osteocytes
Axial Skeleton: 14 Facial bones - correct answer ✔✔2 Nasal bones
2 Maxillary bones
2 zygomatic bones
1 mandible (only movable bone of the skull)
2 palatine bones
1 vomer
2 lacrimal bones
2 inferior nasal conchae
Axial Skeleton - correct answer ✔✔Consists of the 28 bones of the skull, which are then
separated into: 14 facial bones and 14 bones of the cranium, 33 bones of the vertebral column,
Bones of the thorax, the sternum, and 12 pairs of ribs
, Axial Skeleton: 33 Bones of the Vertebral Column - correct answer ✔✔7 Cervical vertebrae
12 Thoracic vertebrae
5 lumbar vertebrae
5 sacral vertebrae (fused together to form the sacrum)
Coccygeal vertebrae (known as the tailbone)
Axial Skeleton: 14 Cranial bones - correct answer ✔✔1. Occipital
2. Frontal
3. Ethmoid
4. Sphenoid
5. (2) Parietal
6. (2) Temporal
7. (3) Ossicles of the ear (malleus, incus, and stapes)
Epidermis - correct answer ✔✔The outermost protective protective layer of dead keratinized
epithelial cells
As the epidermal cells move away from the deepest layers to the superficial layers, they move
away from their blood and nutrient supply; subsequently, they dehydrate and die.
Dermis - correct answer ✔✔(Inner layer) The underlying layer of fibrous connective tissue with
blood vessels, sensory nerve endings, hair follicles, glands, and associated skin structures. It
rests on the subcutaneous (adipose) tissue (hypodermis) that connects the skin to the
superficial muscles
Name the layers of the Epidermis from outer layer to inner layer - correct answer ✔✔1. Stratum
corneum
ANSWERS RATED 100% CORRECT
Tissue - correct answer ✔✔Group of cells that work together to perform specific functions
4 tissue types & function - correct answer ✔✔Epithelial: cover, line, and protect the body and
its internal organs
Connective: the framework of the body, providing support and structure for the organs.
Nerve: composed of neurons and connective tissue cells that are referred to as neuroglia
Muscle: has the ability to contract or shorten. It is classified as voluntary muscle (skeletal
muscles) or involuntary muscle (smooth muscle and cardiac muscle)
Explain Mitosis - correct answer ✔✔Essential for growth and repair. In this process DNA is
duplicated and distributed evenly to two caught cells
Explain Meiosis - correct answer ✔✔The special cell division that takes place in the gonads, that
is, the ovaries and testes. In the process of meiosis, the chromosome number is reduced from
46 to 23, so when the egg and sperm unite in fertilization the zygote will have the correct
number of chromosomes.
Functions of the Skeletal system (7) - correct answer ✔✔1. Support
2. Movement
3. Blood cell formation (hemopoiesis)
4. Protection of internal organs
5. Detoxification (removal of poisons)
6. Provision for muscle attachment
7. Mineral storage (particularly Ca2+ and phosphorus)
,The body framework consists of (4) - correct answer ✔✔1. Bone
2. Cartilage
3. Ligaments
4. Joints
Individual bones are classified by shape: 5 - correct answer ✔✔1. Long bones
2. Short bones
3. Flat bones
4. Irregular bones
5. Sesamoid bones
Osteoblasts - correct answer ✔✔Cells that form compact bone. When they become fixed in the
dense bone matrix, they stop dividing but continue to maintain bone tissue as osteocytes
Axial Skeleton: 14 Facial bones - correct answer ✔✔2 Nasal bones
2 Maxillary bones
2 zygomatic bones
1 mandible (only movable bone of the skull)
2 palatine bones
1 vomer
2 lacrimal bones
2 inferior nasal conchae
Axial Skeleton - correct answer ✔✔Consists of the 28 bones of the skull, which are then
separated into: 14 facial bones and 14 bones of the cranium, 33 bones of the vertebral column,
Bones of the thorax, the sternum, and 12 pairs of ribs
, Axial Skeleton: 33 Bones of the Vertebral Column - correct answer ✔✔7 Cervical vertebrae
12 Thoracic vertebrae
5 lumbar vertebrae
5 sacral vertebrae (fused together to form the sacrum)
Coccygeal vertebrae (known as the tailbone)
Axial Skeleton: 14 Cranial bones - correct answer ✔✔1. Occipital
2. Frontal
3. Ethmoid
4. Sphenoid
5. (2) Parietal
6. (2) Temporal
7. (3) Ossicles of the ear (malleus, incus, and stapes)
Epidermis - correct answer ✔✔The outermost protective protective layer of dead keratinized
epithelial cells
As the epidermal cells move away from the deepest layers to the superficial layers, they move
away from their blood and nutrient supply; subsequently, they dehydrate and die.
Dermis - correct answer ✔✔(Inner layer) The underlying layer of fibrous connective tissue with
blood vessels, sensory nerve endings, hair follicles, glands, and associated skin structures. It
rests on the subcutaneous (adipose) tissue (hypodermis) that connects the skin to the
superficial muscles
Name the layers of the Epidermis from outer layer to inner layer - correct answer ✔✔1. Stratum
corneum
