Nurse Practitioner Certification
b b b
Examination and Practice Preparation
b b b b b
Testbank by Margaret A. Fitzgerald
b b b b b
,HealthPromotion b
and Disease Prevention b b
6. Active immunity is defined as:
b b b b
A. resistance developed in response to an antigen.
b b b b b b
B. immunity conferred by an antibody produced in
b b b b b b
another host.
b b
1. An example of a primary prevention measure for
b b b b b b b
C. the resistance of a group to an infectious agent.
b b b b b b b b
ba78- year-old man with chronic obstructive
b b b b b
D. defense against disease acquired naturally by the
b b b b b b
bpulmonary disease is: b b
infant from the mother.
b b b b
A. reviewing the use of prescribed medications.b b b b b
B. conducting a home survey to minimize fall risk. b b b b b b b 7. Which of the following is usually viewed as the
b b b b b b b b
C. checking FEV1 (force expired volume at 1 second)
b b b b b b b
bmost cost-effective form of healthcare?
b b b b
bto FVC (forced vital capacity) ratio.
b b b b b
A. primary prevention b
D. ordering fecal occult blood test (FOBT).
b b b b b
B. secondary prevention b
C. tertiary prevention b
2. Which of the following is an example of a primary preven-
b b b b b b b b b b
D. cancer-reduction measures b
btion activity in a 76-year-old woman with osteoporosis?
b b b b b b b
A. bisphosphonate therapy b 8. An 18-year-old woman with allergic rhinitis presents
b b b b b b
B. calcium supplementation b bfor primary care. She is sexually active with a male
b b b b b b b b b
C. ensuring adequate illumination in the home
b b b b b bpartner and is 1 year post-coitarche; during this time
b b b b b b b b
D. use of a back brace
b b b b
bshe had had two sex partners. An example of a primary
b b b b b b b b b b
bprevention activity for this patient is:
b b b b b
3. Secondary prevention measures for a 78-year-old
b b b b b
A. screening for sexually transmitted infection.
b b b b
bman with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
b b b b b
B. counseling about safer sexual practices. b b b b
binclude: C. prescribing therapies for minimizing allergy. b b b b
A. screening for mood disorders.
D. obtaining a liquid-based Papanicolaou (Pap) test.
b b b
b b b b b
B. administering influenza vaccine. b b
C. obtaining a serum theophylline level. b b b b 9. When a critical portion of a community is
b b b b b b b
D. advising about appropriate use of car passenger
b b b b b b
bimmunized against a contagious disease, most
b b b b b
brestraints. bmembers of the com- munity, even the unimmunized,
b b b b b b b
bare protected against that disease because there is
b b b b b b b
4. Tertiary prevention measures for a 69-year-old
b b b b b
blittle opportunity for an outbreak. This is known
b b b b b b b
bwoman with heart failure include:
b b b b
bas immunity.
A. administering antipneumococcal vaccine. b b
A. passive
B. adjusting therapy to minimize dyspnea. b b b b
B. humoral
C. surveying skin for precancerous lesions. b b b b
C. epidemiologic
D. reviewing safe handling of food. b b b b
D. community
5. Which of the following products provides passive
b b b b b b
immunity?
b b b b
b 1. B. b 4. B. b 7. A. b
2. C.
b 5. A. b 8. B. b
3. A. b 6. A. b 9. D. b
1
,2 CbHbAbPbT bEbR b b 1 ■ b b Health b Promotion b and b Disease b Prevention
Primary prevention measures include activities provided
b b b b b
bto individuals to prevent the onset or acquisition of a
b b b b b b b b b
bgiven disease. The goal of primary prevention measures is
b b b b b b b b
bto spare individuals the suffering, burden, and cost
b b b b b b b
bassociated with the b b
clinical condition and is the first level of healthcare. An ex-
b b b b b b b b b b b National bInstitute bof bAllergy band bInfectious bDisease:
bample is health-protecting education and counseling, such
b b b b b b b Community bImmunity
bas encouraging the use of car restraints and bicycle
b b b b b b b b
bhelmets, counseling about safer sexual practices, and
b b b b b b
bproviding infor- mation on accident and fall prevention.
b b b b b b b
bGiven its focus on preventing illness or injury, primary
b b b b b b b b
bprevention is usually viewed as the most effective formb b b b b b b b
bof healthcare.
b
Immunizations and chemoprophylaxis are also exam- b b b b b
bples of primary prevention measures. Active
b b b b b
bimmunization through the use of vaccines provides long- b b b b b b b
term protection from disease. In herd or community
b b b b b b b
bimmunity, a significant portion of a given population has
b b b b b b b b
bimmunity against an infec- tious agent; the likelihood that
b b b b b b b b
bthe susceptible portion of the group would become
b b b b b b b
binfected is minimized (Fig. 1–1). Pas- sive immunity is
b b b b b b b b
bprovided when a person receives select an- tibodies,
b b b b b b b
busually via the administration of immune globulin (IG),
b b b b b b b
bafter exposure to an infective agent. This immunity is
b b b b b b b b
btemporary and requires the patient to present post- b b b b b b b
exposure; the protection provided by IG usually starts
b b b b b b b
bwithin hours of receiving the doses and lasts a number of
b b b b b b b b b b
bmonths. The use of vaccines to produce lasting disease
b b b b b b b b
bprotection is preferred to passive immunization throughb b b b b b
bthe use of IG. Another exam- ple of passive immunity is
b b b b b b b b b b
bthe acquisition of disease protec- tion provided from
b b b b b b b
bmother to unborn child via the placenta. Secondary
b b b b b b b
bprevention measures include activities provided to identify
b b b b b b
band treat asymptomatic persons who have risk fac- tors for a
b b b b b b b b b b
bgiven disease or in preclinical disease. Examples in- clude
b b b b b b b b
bscreening examinations for preclinical evidence of b b b b b
bcancer, such as mammography and cervical examination with
b b b b b b b
b a Papanicolaou test. Other examples of secondary
b b b b b b
bprevention activities include screening for clinical b b b b b
bconditions with a pro- tracted asymptomatic period, such as
b b b b b b b b
ba blood pressure meas- urement to detect hypertension
b b b b b b b
band a lipid profile to detect hyperlipidemia (Table 1–1).
b b b b b b b b
See full color images of this topic
b b b b b b
on DavisPlus at
b b b
http://davisplus.fadavis.com |
b b
Keyword: Fitzgerald
b b
Tertiary prevention measures are part of the b b b b b b
management of an established disease. The goal is to
b b b b b b b b b
minimize disease- associated complications and the
b b b b b b
negative health effects of the conditions to the patient.
b b b b b b b b b
Examples include medications and lifestyle modification
b b b b b b
to normalize blood glucose levels in individuals with
b b b b b b b b
diabetes mellitus and in conjunction with the treatment of
b b b b b b b b b
heart failure, aimed at improving or mini- mizing
b b b b b b b b
disease-related symptoms.
b b
DISCUSSION b SOURCES
http://www.cdc.gov/excite/skincancer/mod13.htm, Centers for
bDisease b Control b and b Prevention: b Levels b of b Prevention
http://www.niaid.nih.gov/topics/pages/communityimmunity.aspx,
, 10. When advising a patient about injectable influenza
b b b b b b b alter- native to influenza vaccine.
b b b b
im- munization, the nurse practitioner (NP)
b b b b b b
considers the following about the use of this
b b b b b b b b
vaccine:
b
A. Its use is not recommended in sickle cell anemia.
b b b b b b b b
B. Its use is limited to children older than 2 years.
b b b b b b b b b
C. Its use is limited due to containing live virus.
b b b b b b b b
D. Its use is recommended for virtually all members
b b b b b b b
of the population.
b b b
11. A middle-aged man with chronic obstructive
b b b b b
pul- monary disease who is about to receive
b b b b b b b b
injectable in- fluenza vaccine should be advised
b b b b b b b
that:
b
A. it is more than 90% effective in preventing influenza.
b b b b b b b b
B. its use is contraindicated in the presence of
b b b b b b b
psoriasis vulgaris.
b b
C. localized reactions such as soreness and redness b b b b b b
at the site of the immunization are fairly
b b b b b b b b
common.
b
D. a short, intense, flulike syndrome typically
b b b b b
occurs after immunization.
b b b
12. A 44-year-old woman with asthma presents asking
b b b b b b
bfor a ‚flu shot.‛ She is seen today for an urgent care
b b b b b b b b b b b
visit, is diagnosed with a lower urinary tract
b b b b b b b b
binfection, and is prescribed trimethoprim- b b b b
sulfamethoxazole. She is without fever or b b b b b
bgastrointestinal upset with stable respiratory b b b b
status. You inform her that she:
b b b b b b
A. should return for the immunization after b b b b b
complet- ing her antibiotic therapy.
b b b b b
B. would likely develop a significant reaction if
b b b b b b
immu- nized today.
b b b
C. can receive the immunization today.
b b b b
D. is not a candidate for any form of influenza vaccine.
b b b b b b b b b
13. Which of the following statements best describes
b b b b b b
amantadine or rimantadine use in the care of
b b b b b b b b
patients with or at risk for influenza?
b b b b b b b
A. Significant resistance to select strains of b b b b b
influenza limits the usefulness of these
b b b b b b
medications.
b
B. The primary action of these therapies is in
b b b b b b b
prevent- ing influenza A during outbreaks.
b b b b b b
C. These therapies are active against influenza A and
b b b b b b b
B. b
D. The use of these products is an acceptable
b b b b b b b
alternative to influenza vaccine.
b b b b
14. Which of the following statements best describes
b b b b b b
zanamivir (Relenza) or oseltamivir (Tamiflu) use in
b b b b b b b
the care of patients with or at risk for influenza?
b b b b b b b b b b
A. Initiation of therapy early in acute influenza b b b b b b
illness can help minimize the severity of disease
b b b b b b b b
when the illness is caused by a nonresistant
b b b b b b b b
viral strain.
b b
B. The primary indication is in preventing influenza
b b b b b b
A during outbreaks.
b b b
C. The drugs are active only against influenza B.
b b b b b b b
D. The use of these medications is an acceptable
b b b b b b b
b b b
Examination and Practice Preparation
b b b b b
Testbank by Margaret A. Fitzgerald
b b b b b
,HealthPromotion b
and Disease Prevention b b
6. Active immunity is defined as:
b b b b
A. resistance developed in response to an antigen.
b b b b b b
B. immunity conferred by an antibody produced in
b b b b b b
another host.
b b
1. An example of a primary prevention measure for
b b b b b b b
C. the resistance of a group to an infectious agent.
b b b b b b b b
ba78- year-old man with chronic obstructive
b b b b b
D. defense against disease acquired naturally by the
b b b b b b
bpulmonary disease is: b b
infant from the mother.
b b b b
A. reviewing the use of prescribed medications.b b b b b
B. conducting a home survey to minimize fall risk. b b b b b b b 7. Which of the following is usually viewed as the
b b b b b b b b
C. checking FEV1 (force expired volume at 1 second)
b b b b b b b
bmost cost-effective form of healthcare?
b b b b
bto FVC (forced vital capacity) ratio.
b b b b b
A. primary prevention b
D. ordering fecal occult blood test (FOBT).
b b b b b
B. secondary prevention b
C. tertiary prevention b
2. Which of the following is an example of a primary preven-
b b b b b b b b b b
D. cancer-reduction measures b
btion activity in a 76-year-old woman with osteoporosis?
b b b b b b b
A. bisphosphonate therapy b 8. An 18-year-old woman with allergic rhinitis presents
b b b b b b
B. calcium supplementation b bfor primary care. She is sexually active with a male
b b b b b b b b b
C. ensuring adequate illumination in the home
b b b b b bpartner and is 1 year post-coitarche; during this time
b b b b b b b b
D. use of a back brace
b b b b
bshe had had two sex partners. An example of a primary
b b b b b b b b b b
bprevention activity for this patient is:
b b b b b
3. Secondary prevention measures for a 78-year-old
b b b b b
A. screening for sexually transmitted infection.
b b b b
bman with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
b b b b b
B. counseling about safer sexual practices. b b b b
binclude: C. prescribing therapies for minimizing allergy. b b b b
A. screening for mood disorders.
D. obtaining a liquid-based Papanicolaou (Pap) test.
b b b
b b b b b
B. administering influenza vaccine. b b
C. obtaining a serum theophylline level. b b b b 9. When a critical portion of a community is
b b b b b b b
D. advising about appropriate use of car passenger
b b b b b b
bimmunized against a contagious disease, most
b b b b b
brestraints. bmembers of the com- munity, even the unimmunized,
b b b b b b b
bare protected against that disease because there is
b b b b b b b
4. Tertiary prevention measures for a 69-year-old
b b b b b
blittle opportunity for an outbreak. This is known
b b b b b b b
bwoman with heart failure include:
b b b b
bas immunity.
A. administering antipneumococcal vaccine. b b
A. passive
B. adjusting therapy to minimize dyspnea. b b b b
B. humoral
C. surveying skin for precancerous lesions. b b b b
C. epidemiologic
D. reviewing safe handling of food. b b b b
D. community
5. Which of the following products provides passive
b b b b b b
immunity?
b b b b
b 1. B. b 4. B. b 7. A. b
2. C.
b 5. A. b 8. B. b
3. A. b 6. A. b 9. D. b
1
,2 CbHbAbPbT bEbR b b 1 ■ b b Health b Promotion b and b Disease b Prevention
Primary prevention measures include activities provided
b b b b b
bto individuals to prevent the onset or acquisition of a
b b b b b b b b b
bgiven disease. The goal of primary prevention measures is
b b b b b b b b
bto spare individuals the suffering, burden, and cost
b b b b b b b
bassociated with the b b
clinical condition and is the first level of healthcare. An ex-
b b b b b b b b b b b National bInstitute bof bAllergy band bInfectious bDisease:
bample is health-protecting education and counseling, such
b b b b b b b Community bImmunity
bas encouraging the use of car restraints and bicycle
b b b b b b b b
bhelmets, counseling about safer sexual practices, and
b b b b b b
bproviding infor- mation on accident and fall prevention.
b b b b b b b
bGiven its focus on preventing illness or injury, primary
b b b b b b b b
bprevention is usually viewed as the most effective formb b b b b b b b
bof healthcare.
b
Immunizations and chemoprophylaxis are also exam- b b b b b
bples of primary prevention measures. Active
b b b b b
bimmunization through the use of vaccines provides long- b b b b b b b
term protection from disease. In herd or community
b b b b b b b
bimmunity, a significant portion of a given population has
b b b b b b b b
bimmunity against an infec- tious agent; the likelihood that
b b b b b b b b
bthe susceptible portion of the group would become
b b b b b b b
binfected is minimized (Fig. 1–1). Pas- sive immunity is
b b b b b b b b
bprovided when a person receives select an- tibodies,
b b b b b b b
busually via the administration of immune globulin (IG),
b b b b b b b
bafter exposure to an infective agent. This immunity is
b b b b b b b b
btemporary and requires the patient to present post- b b b b b b b
exposure; the protection provided by IG usually starts
b b b b b b b
bwithin hours of receiving the doses and lasts a number of
b b b b b b b b b b
bmonths. The use of vaccines to produce lasting disease
b b b b b b b b
bprotection is preferred to passive immunization throughb b b b b b
bthe use of IG. Another exam- ple of passive immunity is
b b b b b b b b b b
bthe acquisition of disease protec- tion provided from
b b b b b b b
bmother to unborn child via the placenta. Secondary
b b b b b b b
bprevention measures include activities provided to identify
b b b b b b
band treat asymptomatic persons who have risk fac- tors for a
b b b b b b b b b b
bgiven disease or in preclinical disease. Examples in- clude
b b b b b b b b
bscreening examinations for preclinical evidence of b b b b b
bcancer, such as mammography and cervical examination with
b b b b b b b
b a Papanicolaou test. Other examples of secondary
b b b b b b
bprevention activities include screening for clinical b b b b b
bconditions with a pro- tracted asymptomatic period, such as
b b b b b b b b
ba blood pressure meas- urement to detect hypertension
b b b b b b b
band a lipid profile to detect hyperlipidemia (Table 1–1).
b b b b b b b b
See full color images of this topic
b b b b b b
on DavisPlus at
b b b
http://davisplus.fadavis.com |
b b
Keyword: Fitzgerald
b b
Tertiary prevention measures are part of the b b b b b b
management of an established disease. The goal is to
b b b b b b b b b
minimize disease- associated complications and the
b b b b b b
negative health effects of the conditions to the patient.
b b b b b b b b b
Examples include medications and lifestyle modification
b b b b b b
to normalize blood glucose levels in individuals with
b b b b b b b b
diabetes mellitus and in conjunction with the treatment of
b b b b b b b b b
heart failure, aimed at improving or mini- mizing
b b b b b b b b
disease-related symptoms.
b b
DISCUSSION b SOURCES
http://www.cdc.gov/excite/skincancer/mod13.htm, Centers for
bDisease b Control b and b Prevention: b Levels b of b Prevention
http://www.niaid.nih.gov/topics/pages/communityimmunity.aspx,
, 10. When advising a patient about injectable influenza
b b b b b b b alter- native to influenza vaccine.
b b b b
im- munization, the nurse practitioner (NP)
b b b b b b
considers the following about the use of this
b b b b b b b b
vaccine:
b
A. Its use is not recommended in sickle cell anemia.
b b b b b b b b
B. Its use is limited to children older than 2 years.
b b b b b b b b b
C. Its use is limited due to containing live virus.
b b b b b b b b
D. Its use is recommended for virtually all members
b b b b b b b
of the population.
b b b
11. A middle-aged man with chronic obstructive
b b b b b
pul- monary disease who is about to receive
b b b b b b b b
injectable in- fluenza vaccine should be advised
b b b b b b b
that:
b
A. it is more than 90% effective in preventing influenza.
b b b b b b b b
B. its use is contraindicated in the presence of
b b b b b b b
psoriasis vulgaris.
b b
C. localized reactions such as soreness and redness b b b b b b
at the site of the immunization are fairly
b b b b b b b b
common.
b
D. a short, intense, flulike syndrome typically
b b b b b
occurs after immunization.
b b b
12. A 44-year-old woman with asthma presents asking
b b b b b b
bfor a ‚flu shot.‛ She is seen today for an urgent care
b b b b b b b b b b b
visit, is diagnosed with a lower urinary tract
b b b b b b b b
binfection, and is prescribed trimethoprim- b b b b
sulfamethoxazole. She is without fever or b b b b b
bgastrointestinal upset with stable respiratory b b b b
status. You inform her that she:
b b b b b b
A. should return for the immunization after b b b b b
complet- ing her antibiotic therapy.
b b b b b
B. would likely develop a significant reaction if
b b b b b b
immu- nized today.
b b b
C. can receive the immunization today.
b b b b
D. is not a candidate for any form of influenza vaccine.
b b b b b b b b b
13. Which of the following statements best describes
b b b b b b
amantadine or rimantadine use in the care of
b b b b b b b b
patients with or at risk for influenza?
b b b b b b b
A. Significant resistance to select strains of b b b b b
influenza limits the usefulness of these
b b b b b b
medications.
b
B. The primary action of these therapies is in
b b b b b b b
prevent- ing influenza A during outbreaks.
b b b b b b
C. These therapies are active against influenza A and
b b b b b b b
B. b
D. The use of these products is an acceptable
b b b b b b b
alternative to influenza vaccine.
b b b b
14. Which of the following statements best describes
b b b b b b
zanamivir (Relenza) or oseltamivir (Tamiflu) use in
b b b b b b b
the care of patients with or at risk for influenza?
b b b b b b b b b b
A. Initiation of therapy early in acute influenza b b b b b b
illness can help minimize the severity of disease
b b b b b b b b
when the illness is caused by a nonresistant
b b b b b b b b
viral strain.
b b
B. The primary indication is in preventing influenza
b b b b b b
A during outbreaks.
b b b
C. The drugs are active only against influenza B.
b b b b b b b
D. The use of these medications is an acceptable
b b b b b b b
