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Exam (elaborations)

NURS 221 Final Exam (60 Questions) – Nursing Fundamentals, Medication Safety, Fluid Balance | 2025/2026

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This document includes 60 carefully selected and correctly answered questions from the NURS 221 Final Exam for the 2025/2026 academic year. It provides a complete review of core nursing concepts, making it an essential resource for exam preparation and clinical readiness. Topics covered include: Legal and ethical foundations of nursing (Nurse Practice Acts, HIPAA, informed consent) Medication administration routes and procedures: oral, topical, subcutaneous, intramuscular, intradermal, ophthalmic, rectal, and more Infection control protocols: airborne, droplet, and contact precautions, PPE guidelines Emergency procedures such as seizure precautions, R.A.C.E., and P.A.S.S. Fluid and electrolyte balance, including causes, symptoms, and treatments for FVD, FVE, hypo/hypernatremia, hypo/hyperkalemia Respiratory therapy, oxygen delivery devices, and ABG analysis (acidosis vs alkalosis) Sleep patterns, pain indicators, and sensory alterations This study guide is well-suited for: • Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) students • Associate Degree in Nursing (ADN) students • Practical Nursing (PN/LPN) programs • Candidates preparing for the NCLEX-RN or NCLEX-PN It can be used across various foundational nursing courses, including: • Fundamentals of Nursing • Medical-Surgical Nursing • Adult Health • Nursing Skills Labs Whether you’re reviewing for finals or brushing up for clinicals, this document ensures you have the essential knowledge at your fingertips. Keywords: nursing fundamentals, NURS 221, final exam questions, medication administration, fluid balance, electrolyte disorders, oxygen therapy, HIPAA, informed consent, nursing safety, infection control, ABG interpretation, NCLEX practice, patient care procedures, nursing exam review

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Institution
NURS 221
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NURS 221

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Uploaded on
October 2, 2025
Number of pages
23
Written in
2025/2026
Type
Exam (elaborations)
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NURS 221 Final Exam 2025/2026 Exam
Questions and Correct Answers | New
Update



Nurse Practice Acts - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔State laws that determine and define

the responsibility and scope of practice of nurse


Patient Self Determination Act - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔A federal law that ensures

that patients have the right to self-determination in health care decisions,

that these wished be protected and communicated


Living Will - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔A legal document that expresses the patient's

wishes should they become incapacitated and facing end-of-life issues


Durable Power of Attonery - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔A legal document that

designates a healthcare proxy to make healthcare decisions for a patient

should the be able to do so themselves

,Standards of Care - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔-Legal guidelines for defining nursing

practice and identifying minimum acceptable nursing care




- Outline the scope, function and role of the nurse




-Reflect the values and priorities of the nursing profession


HIPPA - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Provides data privacy and security provisions for

safeguarding medical information (portability of insurance)


Informed Consent - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔A legal process by which a patient or

the patient's legally appointed designee has given written permission for a

procedure/treatment




-consent is considered informed if the provider explains and the patient

understands


Informed Consent Includes - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Explanation of


-Why the patient need the procedure

-The benefits and the risks

, -Other options


Seizure Precautions - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔-Always stay with the patient


-Lower the patient to the floor if they are standing

-Turn the patient on their side

-Not the start and stop time of the seizure

-Maintain patency of airway

-Do not place anything in the patient's mouth

-Provide privacy


R.A.C.E. - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔R-Rescue


A-Alarm

C-Confine

E-Extinguish


P.A.S.S. - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔P-Pull pin


A-Aim

S-Squeeze

S-Sweep

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