Organisatie theorie Samenvatting

Organisatietheorie

,
,Inhoud
Introductie....................................................................................................5
Klassieke benaderingen.............................................................................11
Weber......................................................................................................11
Taylor......................................................................................................11
Human relations beweging.....................................................................12
Contingentietheorie...................................................................................12
Task uncertainty......................................................................................12
Enkele studies.........................................................................................13
 Mintzberg................................................................................................14
Spanningen..........................................................................................16
Resource dependency en transactiekosten................................................17
Types van inter organisationele arrangementen.....................................17
Transactiekosten theorie.........................................................................18
Ecologische benaderingen.........................................................................22
Evolutietheorieën....................................................................................22
Structural Inertia theorie.........................................................................22
Institutionele Theorie.................................................................................27
Oorsprong...............................................................................................27
Pillars of institutions (Scott)....................................................................28
Institutionele complexiteit en agency.....................................................29
Theorieën in vogelvlucht............................................................................31
Dualiteiten..............................................................................................31
Cultuur, identiteit en imago.......................................................................34
Organisaties in publieke sector..................................................................37
Algemene inleiding.................................................................................37
New public management........................................................................38
Hybride organisatievorm.........................................................................39
Verandering................................................................................................40
Types:......................................................................................................40
Klassiek Model: Lewin.............................................................................40
Kotter’s 8-stappenplan............................................................................41

, Porter......................................................................................................42
Barney.....................................................................................................43
Private vs publieke sector.......................................................................43
Recente ontwikkelingen.............................................................................45
Vervagende organisatiegrenzen.............................................................45
Organizationality.....................................................................................46

, Organisatietheorie
=“een globaal beeld geven van de ontwikkeling van het sociologisch
denken over organisaties”


Introductie
Kenmerken van organisaties:

Structuur Macht

Mensen  Legitimiteit

Strategie  Doelstelling(en)

Technologie  Leider(schap)

Cultuur Coördinatie

Definitie:

“organizations are goal-directed, boundary-maintaining, and socially-
constructed systems of human activity” (Aldrich & Ruef, Organizations
evolving, 2006, p. 4)

 Doelgericht

 Grensbehoudend

 Sociaal geconstrueerd

Vergelijk: Hatch (2006, p. 19): social structure, culture, physical
structure, technology + environment

 Sociale structuur

 Cultuur

 Fysieke structuur

 Technologie & Omgeving

Commentaar …?

Organizational theory studies provide "an interdisciplinary focus on:

a) the effect of social organizations on the behavior and attitudes of
individuals within them,

b) the effects of individual characteristics and action on organization,

c) the performance, success, and survival of organizations,

, d) the mutual effects of environments, including resource and task,
political, and cultural environments on organizations and vice versa,
and

e) concerns with both the epistemology and methodology that
undergird research on each of these topics“ (Pfeffer, 1997)



Waarom zoveel organisaties?

 Culturele rationalisatie

Steeds meer waarde hechten aan efficiëntie, controle, legitimiteit,
mimiek

versus verklaring op basis van functionalisme of macht:

Functionalisme

 Bijdragen aan het functioneren van de samenleving=
arbeidsdeling, complexiteit, efficiëntie

Macht

 bepaalde groepen macht en controle geven

Verwetenschappelijking

=groei onderzoeken, universiteiten, nood aan expertise

Individualisering

= In traditionele samenlevingen werden veel functies vervuld door
families of gemeenschappen. In moderne samenlevingen worden
deze taken overgenomen door formele organisaties.

(hoger) onderwijs

= meer bureaucratie en ondersteunende organisaties +
specialisaties