HESI A2 Critical Thinking Exam
Questions And Answers
/. What are the 5 steps of the Nursing Process? - Answer-Assessment,
Diagnosing/Analyzing data gained from assessing/Planning (including outcome
identification), Implementing (according to priority), evaluating...did it work?
/.The nursing process is... - Answer-overlapping and dynamic
/.What does P-I-E stand for? - Answer-Problem, Implement, Evaluate
/.What is the acronym COVD used for? - Answer-Used during assessing?
Collecting Data
Organizing Data
Validating
Documenting Data
/.What are the sources of data that you retrieve during assessment? - Answer-patient,
support peoples, client records
/.What type of client records could you get data from? - Answer-Other healthcare
professionals, nursing and scientific literature
/.What are the two types of data you will take from the patient? - Answer-Subjective and
Objective data
/.What is subjective data? - Answer-Data that only the subject or "patient" can feel and
will tell you. Usually in a statement.
/.What is objective data? - Answer-What you observe and can measure
/.Besides measurable data for your objective data, what other objective data should you
collect? - Answer-What you see, hear, and smell.
/.What do you do with your data sometimes if it is off or you are not sure of it? - Answer-
VALIDATE
/.How do you record subjective data? - Answer-In clients, "own words."
/.What does the diagnoses do? - Answer-Describes the patients health problem in
nursing terminology - NOT medical.
,/.What are some qualifiers for diagnoses? - Answer-deficient, impaired, decreased,
ineffective or compromised
/.What is etiology? - Answer-The "related to" part....it is NURSE FIXABLE?
/.What does the etiology or "related to" part do? - Answer-Directs the nursing
intervention
/.What does the correctly stated nursing problem have....PES....? - Answer-Problem
Statement (NANDA) only, Etiology "related to", and the supporting data (subj. obj
assessment findings)
/.What is planning? - Answer-involved determining pt goals/outcomes
/.You cannot have an intervention.... - Answer-without a goal.
/.You cannot have a goal... - Answer-without an intervention
/.A goal is a direct result of an... - Answer-intervention
/.When planning what do you always want to do? - Answer-BE SPECIFIC...WHO,
WHAT, WHEN, HOW OFTEN, HOW MUCH
/.For every nursing diagnoses....the nurse... - Answer-must write atleast one desired
outcome
/.The purpose of an intervention... - Answer-is a goal!
/.What does evaluation mean? - Answer-A patient response to an intervention
/.Risk Factors - Answer-do not have defining characteristics....they are not specific
/.Between an intervention and a goal...there is... - Answer-TEACHING
/.In a care plan... - Answer-there is always a reference in APA format
/.Actual nursing diagnoses - Answer-a client problem present at time of assessment
/.Risk nursing diagnoses - Answer-clinical judgement that problem doesn't exist, but
presence of risk factors indicates problem may develop
/.Wellness - Answer-readiness for enhancement
/.The etiology is always... - Answer-nurse fixable
,/.Standing Orders - Answer-written documentation authorizing nurse to carry out
specific actions under ceratin circumstance
/.standardized care plan - Answer-formal plan that specifies nursing care for a group of
clients with common needs
/.Individual care plans - Answer-tailored to meet unique needs of pt
/.What are the five components of the goal? - Answer-Subject, Verb, Criteria, Condition,
Time
The client, will ambulate, fifty feet in the hall, one time with assistance, by 4pm.
/.What can you do from your goals! - Answer-BMAT...behavior, measure, condition, time
/.About Rationales - Answer-By each nursing intervention...put page number of
rationale...
/.When evaluating, what do you think about? - Answer-What it effective, ineffective,
were goals met, not met, partially met?
/.Critical Thinking - Answer-Is an active, organized, cognitive process used to examine
one's thinking and the thinking of others.
/.Evidenced-based knowledge - Answer-Based on research or clinical expertise
/.Identify the concepts and behaviors of a critical thinker.
Truth seeking: - Answer-Seek the true meaning of a situation
/.Identify the concepts and behaviors of a critical thinker.
Open-mindedness: - Answer-Be tolerant of different views and own prejudices
/.Identify the concepts and behaviors of a critical thinker.
Analyticity: - Answer-Anticipate possible results or consequences
/.Identify the concepts and behaviors of a critical thinker.
Systematicity: - Answer-Be organized
/.Identify the concepts and behaviors of a critical thinker.
Self-confidence: - Answer-Trust in your own reasoning processes
/.Identify the concepts and behaviors of a critical thinker.
Inquisitiveness: - Answer-Be eager to acquire new knowledge and value learning
/.Identify the concepts and behaviors of a critical thinker.
Maturity: - Answer-Reflect upon your own judgments
, /.Name Three levels of critical thinking. - Answer-Basic, Complex, Commitment
/.Describe the Basic Level of Critical Thinking. - Answer-Trust that experts have the
right answers for every problem; thinking is concrete and based on a set of rules or
principles
/.Describe the Complex Level of Critical Thinking. - Answer-Begin to separate
themselves from authorities, analyze and examine choices more independently.
/.Describe the Commitment Level of Critical Thinking. - Answer-Anticipate the need to
make choices without assistance from others, accountability
/.Scientific method - Answer-Systematic, ordered approach to gathering data and
problem solving
/.Problem Solving - Answer-Evaluating the solution over time to make sure it is effective
/.Decision making - Answer-Focuses on problem resolution
/.Diagnostic reasoning - Answer-Determining a client's health status after you have
assigned meaning to the behaviors and symptoms presented
/.Inference - Answer-Process of drawing conclusions from related pieces of evidence
/.Clinical decision making - Answer-Careful reasoning so that the best options are
chosen for the best outcomes
/.Nursing process - Answer-Five-step clinical decision-making approach
/.List the five components of critical thinking - Answer-Knowledge, Experience, Critical
Thinking Competencies, Attitudes, Standards
/.Critical Thinking Attitudes.
Confidence: - Answer-Speak with conviction and always be prepared to perform care
safely
/.Critical Thinking Attitudes.
Thinking independently: - Answer-Reads the Nursing Literature
/.Critical Thinking Attitudes.
Fairness: - Answer-Listen to both sides in any discussion
/.Critical Thinking Attitudes.
Responsibility: - Answer-Refer to policy and procedure manual to review steps of a skill
Questions And Answers
/. What are the 5 steps of the Nursing Process? - Answer-Assessment,
Diagnosing/Analyzing data gained from assessing/Planning (including outcome
identification), Implementing (according to priority), evaluating...did it work?
/.The nursing process is... - Answer-overlapping and dynamic
/.What does P-I-E stand for? - Answer-Problem, Implement, Evaluate
/.What is the acronym COVD used for? - Answer-Used during assessing?
Collecting Data
Organizing Data
Validating
Documenting Data
/.What are the sources of data that you retrieve during assessment? - Answer-patient,
support peoples, client records
/.What type of client records could you get data from? - Answer-Other healthcare
professionals, nursing and scientific literature
/.What are the two types of data you will take from the patient? - Answer-Subjective and
Objective data
/.What is subjective data? - Answer-Data that only the subject or "patient" can feel and
will tell you. Usually in a statement.
/.What is objective data? - Answer-What you observe and can measure
/.Besides measurable data for your objective data, what other objective data should you
collect? - Answer-What you see, hear, and smell.
/.What do you do with your data sometimes if it is off or you are not sure of it? - Answer-
VALIDATE
/.How do you record subjective data? - Answer-In clients, "own words."
/.What does the diagnoses do? - Answer-Describes the patients health problem in
nursing terminology - NOT medical.
,/.What are some qualifiers for diagnoses? - Answer-deficient, impaired, decreased,
ineffective or compromised
/.What is etiology? - Answer-The "related to" part....it is NURSE FIXABLE?
/.What does the etiology or "related to" part do? - Answer-Directs the nursing
intervention
/.What does the correctly stated nursing problem have....PES....? - Answer-Problem
Statement (NANDA) only, Etiology "related to", and the supporting data (subj. obj
assessment findings)
/.What is planning? - Answer-involved determining pt goals/outcomes
/.You cannot have an intervention.... - Answer-without a goal.
/.You cannot have a goal... - Answer-without an intervention
/.A goal is a direct result of an... - Answer-intervention
/.When planning what do you always want to do? - Answer-BE SPECIFIC...WHO,
WHAT, WHEN, HOW OFTEN, HOW MUCH
/.For every nursing diagnoses....the nurse... - Answer-must write atleast one desired
outcome
/.The purpose of an intervention... - Answer-is a goal!
/.What does evaluation mean? - Answer-A patient response to an intervention
/.Risk Factors - Answer-do not have defining characteristics....they are not specific
/.Between an intervention and a goal...there is... - Answer-TEACHING
/.In a care plan... - Answer-there is always a reference in APA format
/.Actual nursing diagnoses - Answer-a client problem present at time of assessment
/.Risk nursing diagnoses - Answer-clinical judgement that problem doesn't exist, but
presence of risk factors indicates problem may develop
/.Wellness - Answer-readiness for enhancement
/.The etiology is always... - Answer-nurse fixable
,/.Standing Orders - Answer-written documentation authorizing nurse to carry out
specific actions under ceratin circumstance
/.standardized care plan - Answer-formal plan that specifies nursing care for a group of
clients with common needs
/.Individual care plans - Answer-tailored to meet unique needs of pt
/.What are the five components of the goal? - Answer-Subject, Verb, Criteria, Condition,
Time
The client, will ambulate, fifty feet in the hall, one time with assistance, by 4pm.
/.What can you do from your goals! - Answer-BMAT...behavior, measure, condition, time
/.About Rationales - Answer-By each nursing intervention...put page number of
rationale...
/.When evaluating, what do you think about? - Answer-What it effective, ineffective,
were goals met, not met, partially met?
/.Critical Thinking - Answer-Is an active, organized, cognitive process used to examine
one's thinking and the thinking of others.
/.Evidenced-based knowledge - Answer-Based on research or clinical expertise
/.Identify the concepts and behaviors of a critical thinker.
Truth seeking: - Answer-Seek the true meaning of a situation
/.Identify the concepts and behaviors of a critical thinker.
Open-mindedness: - Answer-Be tolerant of different views and own prejudices
/.Identify the concepts and behaviors of a critical thinker.
Analyticity: - Answer-Anticipate possible results or consequences
/.Identify the concepts and behaviors of a critical thinker.
Systematicity: - Answer-Be organized
/.Identify the concepts and behaviors of a critical thinker.
Self-confidence: - Answer-Trust in your own reasoning processes
/.Identify the concepts and behaviors of a critical thinker.
Inquisitiveness: - Answer-Be eager to acquire new knowledge and value learning
/.Identify the concepts and behaviors of a critical thinker.
Maturity: - Answer-Reflect upon your own judgments
, /.Name Three levels of critical thinking. - Answer-Basic, Complex, Commitment
/.Describe the Basic Level of Critical Thinking. - Answer-Trust that experts have the
right answers for every problem; thinking is concrete and based on a set of rules or
principles
/.Describe the Complex Level of Critical Thinking. - Answer-Begin to separate
themselves from authorities, analyze and examine choices more independently.
/.Describe the Commitment Level of Critical Thinking. - Answer-Anticipate the need to
make choices without assistance from others, accountability
/.Scientific method - Answer-Systematic, ordered approach to gathering data and
problem solving
/.Problem Solving - Answer-Evaluating the solution over time to make sure it is effective
/.Decision making - Answer-Focuses on problem resolution
/.Diagnostic reasoning - Answer-Determining a client's health status after you have
assigned meaning to the behaviors and symptoms presented
/.Inference - Answer-Process of drawing conclusions from related pieces of evidence
/.Clinical decision making - Answer-Careful reasoning so that the best options are
chosen for the best outcomes
/.Nursing process - Answer-Five-step clinical decision-making approach
/.List the five components of critical thinking - Answer-Knowledge, Experience, Critical
Thinking Competencies, Attitudes, Standards
/.Critical Thinking Attitudes.
Confidence: - Answer-Speak with conviction and always be prepared to perform care
safely
/.Critical Thinking Attitudes.
Thinking independently: - Answer-Reads the Nursing Literature
/.Critical Thinking Attitudes.
Fairness: - Answer-Listen to both sides in any discussion
/.Critical Thinking Attitudes.
Responsibility: - Answer-Refer to policy and procedure manual to review steps of a skill
