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MN551 Pathophysiology – Unit 5 Review – 40 Questions on Endocrine Disorders, Diabetes, Adrenal & Thyroid Function – Purdue University Global

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This document is a Unit 5 review for MN551: Advanced Pathophysiology at Purdue University Global, featuring 40 detailed exam questions with correct answers. It is tailored for graduate-level nursing and healthcare students focusing on the endocrine system and its disorders. The questions are structured in an applied clinical format, with coverage of disease mechanisms, diagnostic indicators, and treatment implications. Topics include: Diabetes Mellitus (Type 1 & 2): Pathogenesis, complications (e.g., DKA, hypoglycemia), insulin resistance, and beta-cell function Adrenal Disorders: Addison’s disease, Cushing’s syndrome, and related hormonal imbalances Thyroid Disorders: Hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, Graves’ disease, goiter, and thyroid storm Parathyroid & Pituitary Dysfunction: Calcium imbalance, growth hormone excess/deficiency, and endocrine feedback mechanisms Hormonal Regulation: Negative feedback loops, hypothalamic-pituitary axis, lab value interpretation, and hormone-receptor activity This document is ideal for students in nurse practitioner, DNP, or advanced nursing programs, especially those studying endocrine pathophysiology, clinical diagnostics, or preparing for board exams (such as ANCC or AANP certification). It provides both foundational knowledge and clinical application, making it suitable for coursework, exams, or licensure prep. Keywords: endocrine system, diabetes mellitus, adrenal disorders, thyroid function, hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, Addison’s disease, Cushing’s syndrome, DKA, insulin resistance, Graves’ disease, pituitary gland, hormone regulation, MN551, Purdue University Global, pathophysiology, advanced nursing, nurse practitioner, endocrine review

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Unit 5 Patho MN551, Unit 4 Patho, Unit 3
Patho, Unit 2 MN551 patho, Unit 1 MN
551 Patho 2025 Expert Verified | Ace the
Test



Which of the following individuals would be considered to be at risk for the

development of edema? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔An 81-year-old man with right-

sided heart failure and hypothyroidism

The family of a 68-year-old man who is in the end stages of small cell lung

cancer is distraught at his visible body wasting that has worsened in recent

weeks. Which of the following phenomena best accounts for the patient's

anorexia and cachexia? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Products of the tumor itself as

well as a hypermetabolic state cause cachexia

Which of the following statements best conveys an aspect of the respiratory

pressures that govern ventilation?

,Question options: - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Negative intrapleural pressure holds the

lungs against the chest wall


Increased thrombopoietin levels - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Following a course of

measles, a 5-year-old girl developed scattered bruising over numerous

body surfaces and was diagnosed with immune thrombocytopenic purpura

(ITP). As part of her diagnostic workup, blood work was performed. Which

of the following results is most likely to be considered unexpected by the

health care team?

Which of the following situations related to the transition from fetal to

perinatal circulation would be most likely to necessitate medical

intervention? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Pulmonary vascular resistance, related to

muscle regression in the pulmonary arteries, rises over the course of the

infant's first week.

At which of the following locations in the nephron would a nurse practitioner

first expect blood to be largely free of plasma proteins? - 🧠 ANSWER

✔✔Bowman Space


A 51-year-old female patient who is 2 days postoperative on a surgical unit

of a hospital is at risk for developing atelectasis as a result of being largely

,immobile. Which of the following teaching points by her nurse practitioner is

most appropriate?


Question options: - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔"You should breathe deeply and cough

to help your lungs expand as much as possible while you're in bed."

A 66-year-old patient's echocardiogram reveals a hypertrophied left

ventricle, normal chamber volume, and a normal ejection fraction from the

heart. What is this patient's most likely diagnosis? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Aortic

valve stenosis

"Stem cells can be used as a source of reserve cells for the entire blood

production system." - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔A couple who are expecting their first

child have been advised by friends to consider harvesting umbilical cord

blood in order to have a future source of stem cells. The couple have

approached their nurse practitioner with this request and are seeking

clarification of exactly why stem cells are valuable and what they might

expect to gain from harvesting them. How can the nurse practitioner best

respond to the couple's inquiry?

A child possesses a trait that is the result of the interaction of two different

genes, neither of which could have produced the trait independently. Which

of the following explanations best captures the genetic explanation for this?

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, - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔The outcome is the result of the interaction between

collaborative genes.

A 55-year-old man has made an appointment to see his nurse practitioner

because he has been awakening three to four times nightly to void and

often has a sudden need to void with little warning during the day. What is

the man's most likely diagnosis and possible underlying pathophysiologic

problem? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Overactive bladder that may result from both

neurogenic and myogenic sources

As a result of dehydration, a patient's epithelial cells are producing

insufficient amounts of mucus. Consequently, the patient's mucociliary

blanket is compromised. Which of the following changes would a care

provider most reasonably anticipate as a direct result of this change? - 🧠

ANSWER ✔✔Increased amounts of bacteria in the lungs. The primary role

of the mucociliary blanket is to trap foreign particles and bacteria and thus

prevent their entry into the lungs. The impaired ciliary function may result in

an inadequate mucociliary blanket, but the opposite relationship is unlikely.

Decreased oxygen and increased carbon dioxide levels may eventually

result, but not as a direct or immediate consequence.

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