,Chapter 01: Food, Nutrition, and Health
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Nix: Williams' Basic Nutrition and Diet Therapy, 16th Edition
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MULTIPLE CHOICE ss
1. Promoting a health care service that improves diabetes management for the elderly in a
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community would assist in which of the following?
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a. Supporting the national health goals Healthy People 2020 ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
b. Reducing hunger in a subset of the United States population ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
c. ImprovingMedicarereimbursement claims s s ss
d. Providing access to primary health care services ss ss ss ss ss ss
ANS: A ss
Healthy People 2020 has a wide influence and is the focus of the nation’s main objective to
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promote health and prevent disease.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 2 ss ss ss
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance ss ss ss ss ss ss
2. A patient requires a nutrition assessment. The most appropriate professional to perform the
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assessment is a
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a. physician.
b. nurse.
c. public health nutritionist. ss ss
d. registered dietitian. ss
ANS: D ss
The registered dietitian is the nutrition expert registered with the Commission of Dietetic
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Registration (CDR), the certifying agency of Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. Registered
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dietitians are the only professionals who have met strict educational and professional
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prerequisites and passed a national registration examination that properly prepares them to
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conduct a nutrition assessment.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF:p.1 ss ss s s
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
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MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
3. The sum of all body processes inside living cells that sustain life and health is
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a. science.
b. digestion.
c. metabolism.
d. nutrition.
ANS: C ss
Metabolism is the sum of all chemical changes that take place in the body. Metabolism
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
provides energy, builds tissue, and regulates metabolic processes in the body.
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
, DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 3 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
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MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
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4. The nutrients that provide the body with its primary source of fuel for energy are
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a. vitamins.
b. minerals.
c. fiber.
d. carbohydrates.
ANS: D ss
Carbohydrates (e.g., starches and sugars) are the body’s primary fuel to carry out necessary
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processes; fat is the secondary source of energy.
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 4 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
ss ss s s ss ss ss ss
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
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5. Which of the following is the most accurate statement regarding the functions of protein?
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a. Proteins can be a primary fuel source even if there is adequate carbohydrate intake.
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b. Proteins are a necessary nutrient to provide energy for the body in times of stress.
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c. Proteins can be used as coenzyme factors during cell metabolism.
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d. Proteins are essential to building and repairing tissues within the body.
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ANS: D ss
The primary function of proteins is to provide amino acids, which are the building units
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
necessary to building and repairing tissues within the body. This is a constant process that
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
ensures adequate growth and maintenance of tissues for a strong body.
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF:p.4 ss ss s s
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
ss ss ss ss
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation ss ss ss ss
6. A 65-year-old man requires 2000 kcal/day without any specific fat or carbohydrate
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
requirements. The approximate number of kilocalories per day from fat that his diet should
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
provide is
ss kcal/day. ss
a. 400 to 700 ss ss
b. 100 to 300 ss ss
c. 500 to 800 ss ss
d. 900 to 1200 ss ss
ANS: A ss
Fat should provide no more than 20% to 35% of the total kilocalories per day, so for a 2000-
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kcal diet, 400 to 700 kcal should be provided.
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 4 ss ss s s ss TOP: Nursing Process: Planning ss ss ss
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
ss s s ss ss ss ss
7. The body’s main storage form of carbohydrate is
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a. glycogen.
b. glycerol.
, c. glucagon.
d. glucose.
ANS: A ss
Glycogen is a polysaccharide that is the main storage form of carbohydrate in the human body.
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
It is mainly stored in the liver and to a lesser extent in muscle tissue.
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 4 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning ss ss s s ss ss ss ss
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
ss s s ss ss ss ss
8. The number of kilocalories provided by one slice of bread that contains 30 g carbohydrate, 3 g
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ss protein, and 1 g fat is ss ss ss ss ss kcal.
a. 34
b. 136
c. 141
d. 306
ANS: C ss
Calculate as follows: Carbohydrate provides 4 kcal/g, protein provides 4 kcal/g, and fat
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provides 9 kcal/g. Therefore:
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30 g carbohydrate 4 kcal/g = 120 kcal
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3 g protein 4 kcal/g = 12 kcal
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1 g fat 9 kcal/g = 9 kcal
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
= 141 total kcal (120 kcal + 12 kcal + 9 kcal)
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF:p.4 ss ss s s
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
ss ss ss ss
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation ss ss ss ss
9. The number of kilocalories from fat in a sandwich that contains 22 g fat is
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss kcal.
a. 88
b. 132
c. 154
d. 198
ANS: D ss
Fat provides 9 kcal/g. Thus, 22 g fat
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss s s 9 kcal/g = 198 kcal.
ss ss ss ss
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF:p.4 ss ss s s
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
ss ss ss ss
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation ss ss ss ss
10. The number of kilocalories from protein in a sandwich that contains 15 g protein is
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss s s
ss kcal.
a. 45
b. 60
c. 75
ss ss ss ss ss
Nix: Williams' Basic Nutrition and Diet Therapy, 16th Edition
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
MULTIPLE CHOICE ss
1. Promoting a health care service that improves diabetes management for the elderly in a
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
community would assist in which of the following?
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
a. Supporting the national health goals Healthy People 2020 ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
b. Reducing hunger in a subset of the United States population ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
c. ImprovingMedicarereimbursement claims s s ss
d. Providing access to primary health care services ss ss ss ss ss ss
ANS: A ss
Healthy People 2020 has a wide influence and is the focus of the nation’s main objective to
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
promote health and prevent disease.
ss ss ss ss ss
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 2 ss ss ss
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance ss ss ss ss ss ss
2. A patient requires a nutrition assessment. The most appropriate professional to perform the
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
assessment is a
ss ss ss
a. physician.
b. nurse.
c. public health nutritionist. ss ss
d. registered dietitian. ss
ANS: D ss
The registered dietitian is the nutrition expert registered with the Commission of Dietetic
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
Registration (CDR), the certifying agency of Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. Registered
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
dietitians are the only professionals who have met strict educational and professional
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
prerequisites and passed a national registration examination that properly prepares them to
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
conduct a nutrition assessment.
ss ss ss ss
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF:p.1 ss ss s s
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
ss ss ss ss
MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
3. The sum of all body processes inside living cells that sustain life and health is
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
a. science.
b. digestion.
c. metabolism.
d. nutrition.
ANS: C ss
Metabolism is the sum of all chemical changes that take place in the body. Metabolism
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
provides energy, builds tissue, and regulates metabolic processes in the body.
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
, DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 3 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
ss ss s s ss ss ss ss
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
ss s s ss ss ss ss
4. The nutrients that provide the body with its primary source of fuel for energy are
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
a. vitamins.
b. minerals.
c. fiber.
d. carbohydrates.
ANS: D ss
Carbohydrates (e.g., starches and sugars) are the body’s primary fuel to carry out necessary
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
processes; fat is the secondary source of energy.
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 4 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
ss ss s s ss ss ss ss
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
ss s s ss ss ss ss
5. Which of the following is the most accurate statement regarding the functions of protein?
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
a. Proteins can be a primary fuel source even if there is adequate carbohydrate intake.
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
b. Proteins are a necessary nutrient to provide energy for the body in times of stress.
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
c. Proteins can be used as coenzyme factors during cell metabolism.
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
d. Proteins are essential to building and repairing tissues within the body.
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
ANS: D ss
The primary function of proteins is to provide amino acids, which are the building units
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
necessary to building and repairing tissues within the body. This is a constant process that
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
ensures adequate growth and maintenance of tissues for a strong body.
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF:p.4 ss ss s s
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
ss ss ss ss
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation ss ss ss ss
6. A 65-year-old man requires 2000 kcal/day without any specific fat or carbohydrate
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
requirements. The approximate number of kilocalories per day from fat that his diet should
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
provide is
ss kcal/day. ss
a. 400 to 700 ss ss
b. 100 to 300 ss ss
c. 500 to 800 ss ss
d. 900 to 1200 ss ss
ANS: A ss
Fat should provide no more than 20% to 35% of the total kilocalories per day, so for a 2000-
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
kcal diet, 400 to 700 kcal should be provided.
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 4 ss ss s s ss TOP: Nursing Process: Planning ss ss ss
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
ss s s ss ss ss ss
7. The body’s main storage form of carbohydrate is
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
a. glycogen.
b. glycerol.
, c. glucagon.
d. glucose.
ANS: A ss
Glycogen is a polysaccharide that is the main storage form of carbohydrate in the human body.
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
It is mainly stored in the liver and to a lesser extent in muscle tissue.
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 4 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning ss ss s s ss ss ss ss
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
ss s s ss ss ss ss
8. The number of kilocalories provided by one slice of bread that contains 30 g carbohydrate, 3 g
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
ss protein, and 1 g fat is ss ss ss ss ss kcal.
a. 34
b. 136
c. 141
d. 306
ANS: C ss
Calculate as follows: Carbohydrate provides 4 kcal/g, protein provides 4 kcal/g, and fat
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
provides 9 kcal/g. Therefore:
ss ss ss ss
30 g carbohydrate 4 kcal/g = 120 kcal
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
3 g protein 4 kcal/g = 12 kcal
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
1 g fat 9 kcal/g = 9 kcal
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
= 141 total kcal (120 kcal + 12 kcal + 9 kcal)
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF:p.4 ss ss s s
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
ss ss ss ss
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation ss ss ss ss
9. The number of kilocalories from fat in a sandwich that contains 22 g fat is
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss kcal.
a. 88
b. 132
c. 154
d. 198
ANS: D ss
Fat provides 9 kcal/g. Thus, 22 g fat
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss s s 9 kcal/g = 198 kcal.
ss ss ss ss
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF:p.4 ss ss s s
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
ss ss ss ss
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation ss ss ss ss
10. The number of kilocalories from protein in a sandwich that contains 15 g protein is
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss s s
ss kcal.
a. 45
b. 60
c. 75
