Physical Examination and Health Assessment 9th Edition by Carolyn Jarvis PhD APN CNP (Author), Ann L. Eckhardt PhD RN (Author)

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CarolynJarvis,AnnEckhardt/AllChapters1-32/FullComplete
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Chapter 01: Evidence-Based Assessment j u j u j u




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1. After completing an initial assessment of a patient, the nurse has charted that his respirations are eupneic and his
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pulse is 58 beats per minute. These types of data would be:
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a. Objective.


b. Reflective.


c. Subjective.


d. Introspective.


ANS: A ju




Objective data are what the health professional observes by inspecting, percussing, palpating, and auscultating during
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the physical examination. Subjective data is what the person says about him or herself during history taking. The
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jterms reflective and introspective are not used to describe data.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension)
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MSC: Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
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2. A patienttells the nursethat he is very nervous, isn a u s e a. Ct eOd M
ju , and feelshot. These types ofdata would be:
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a. Objective.


b. Reflective.


c. Subjective.


d. Introspective.


ANS: C ju




Subjective data are what the person says about him or herself during history taking. Objective data are what the health
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jprofessional observes by inspecting, percussing, palpating, and auscultating during the physical
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examination. The terms reflective and introspective are not used to describe data.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension)
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MSC: Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
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3. The patients record, laboratory studies, objective data, and subjective data combine to form the:
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a. Data base. ju




b. Admitting data. j u

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c. Financial statement. ju




d. Discharge summary. ju




ANS: A ju




Together with the patients record and laboratory studies, the objective and subjective data form the data base. The
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jother items are not part of the patients record, laboratory studies, or data.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering (Knowledge)
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MSC: Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
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4. When listening to a patients breath sounds, the nurse is unsure of a sound that is heard. The nurses next action
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should be to:
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a. Immediately notify the patients physician. ju ju ju ju




b. Document the sound exactly as it was heard. ju ju ju ju ju ju ju




c. Validate the data by asking a coworker to listen to the breath sounds. ju ju ju ju ju ju ju ju ju ju ju ju




d. Assess again in 20 minutes to note whether the sound is still present.
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ANS: C ju




When unsure of a sound heard while listening to a patients breath sounds, the nurse validates the data to ensure accuracy. If the
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nurse has less experience in an area, then he or she asks an expert to listen.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyzing (Analysis)
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MSC: Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
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5. The nurse is conducting a class for new graduate nurses. During the teaching session, the nurse should keep
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in mind that novice nurses, without a background of skills and experience from which to draw, are more likely to
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make their decisions using:
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a. Intuition.


b. A set of rules.
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c. Articles in journals. ju ju




d. Advice from supervisors. ju ju




ANS: B ju




Novice nurses operate from a set of defined, structured rules. The expert practitioner uses intuitive links. DIF:
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ju Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) ju ju j u

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MSC: Client Needs: General j u j u j u




6. The nurse is reviewing information about evidence-based practice (EBP). Which statement best reflects EBP?
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a. EBP relies on tradition for supportNoUfRbeSsI tNpGrTa cBt.iC
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b. EBP is simply the use of best practice techniques for the treatment of patients.
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c. EBP emphasizes the use of best evidence with the clinicians experience.
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d. The patients own preferences are not important with EBP.
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ANS: C j u




EBP is a systematic approach to practice that emphasizes the use of best evidence in combination with the
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clinicians experience, as well as patient preferences and values, when making decisions about care and treatment.
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EBP is more than simply using the best practice techniques to treat patients, and questioning tradition is
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jimportant when no compelling and supportive research evidence exists.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application)
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MSC: Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
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7. Expert nurses learn to attend to a pattern of assessment data and act without consciously labeling it. These
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responses are referred to as:
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a. Intuition.


b. The nursing process. ju ju




c. Clinical knowledge. ju




d. Diagnostic reasoning. ju




ANS: A ju




Intuition is characterized by pattern recognitionexpert nurses learn to attend to a pattern of assessment data and act
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jwithout consciously labeling it. The other options are not correct.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension)
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8. The nurse is conducting a class on priority setting for a group of new graduate nurses. Which is an example of a first-
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level priority problem?
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a. Patient with postoperative pain ju ju ju




b. Newly diagnosed patient with diabetes who needs diabetic teaching
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