Structure & Function of the Body 17th
Edition Test Bank Comprehensive Study
Guide with 100% Correct Solutions
Covering All 22 Chapters for 2025
1 Chapter 1: Introduction to the Body
1.1 Questions and Answers
Question 1: What term describes the study of body structures, often through dissection?
A. Physiology
B. Homeostasis
C. Anatomy
D. Pathology
Answer: C. Anatomy Explanation: Anatomy, derived from Greek roots mean-
ing "to cut apart," is the science of studying the bodys physical structures, such as
bones, muscles, and organs, often through dissection to understand their arrange-
ment and relationships.
Question 2: What field focuses on how the bodys systems function?
A. Anatomy
B. Physiology
C. Histology
D. Embryology
Answer: B. Physiology Explanation: Physiology examines the functions and
processes of living organisms, such as how the heart pumps blood or how nerves
transmit signals, complementing anatomy by explaining how structures work.
Question 3: Which sequence correctly orders the levels of body organization?
A. Cellular, chemical, tissue, organ
B. Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ
C. Organ, tissue, cellular, chemical
D. Tissue, cellular, organ, chemical
Answer: B. Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ Explanation: The body is orga-
nized from the chemical level (atoms and molecules) to the cellular level (basic
living units), then to tissues (groups of similar cells), and finally to organs (struc-
tures with specific functions), forming a hierarchical structure.
1
,Question 4: What is the smallest living unit in the human body?
A. Atom
B. Cell
C. Tissue
D. Organ
Answer: B. Cell Explanation: Cells are the smallest units capable of indepen-
dent life, performing essential functions like metabolism, growth, and reproduc-
tion, serving as the foundation for all body tissues and organs.
Question 5: What is the standard anatomical position for describing body directions?
A. Lying face down
B. Standing upright, palms forward
C. Sitting with legs crossed
D. Lying face up
Answer: B. Standing upright, palms forward Explanation: The anatomical posi-
tion is a standardized posture where the body stands upright, feet together, arms at
sides, and palms facing forward, providing a consistent reference for directional
terms like superior or medial.
2 Chapter 2: Chemistry of Life
2.1 Questions and Answers
Question 1: What is the fundamental unit of all matter?
A. Molecule
B. Atom
C. Ion
D. Compound
Answer: B. Atom Explanation: Atoms are the smallest units of matter, consist-
ing of protons, neutrons, and electrons, and they combine to form molecules and
compounds, forming the basis of all chemical reactions in the body.
Question 2: What type of substance is water classified as?
A. Element
B. Compound
C. Ion
D. Isotope
2
, Answer: B. Compound Explanation: Water (HO) is a compound formed by
the chemical bonding of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom, critical for
biological processes like hydration and chemical reactions.
Question 3: A solution with a pH below 7 is classified as?
A. Basic
B. Neutral
C. Acidic
D. Alkaline
Answer: C. Acidic Explanation: A pH below 7 indicates a higher concentration
of hydrogen ions, making the solution acidic, which can influence enzyme activity
and cellular processes in the body.
Question 4: Which molecule is an example of an organic compound?
A. Water
B. Glucose
C. Sodium chloride
D. Carbon dioxide
Answer: B. Glucose Explanation: Glucose, a carbohydrate, is an organic com-
pound containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, serving as a primary energy
source for cells, unlike inorganic compounds like water or sodium chloride.
Question 5: What are enzymes primarily made of?
A. Lipids
B. Proteins
C. Carbohydrates
D. Nucleic acids
Answer: B. Proteins Explanation: Enzymes are proteins that act as biological
catalysts, accelerating chemical reactions like digestion or metabolism without
being consumed, essential for maintaining life processes.
3 Chapter 3: Cells
3.1 Questions and Answers
Question 1: What is the main structural component of the cell membrane?
A. Proteins
B. Phospholipids
C. Carbohydrates
D. Nucleic acids
3
Edition Test Bank Comprehensive Study
Guide with 100% Correct Solutions
Covering All 22 Chapters for 2025
1 Chapter 1: Introduction to the Body
1.1 Questions and Answers
Question 1: What term describes the study of body structures, often through dissection?
A. Physiology
B. Homeostasis
C. Anatomy
D. Pathology
Answer: C. Anatomy Explanation: Anatomy, derived from Greek roots mean-
ing "to cut apart," is the science of studying the bodys physical structures, such as
bones, muscles, and organs, often through dissection to understand their arrange-
ment and relationships.
Question 2: What field focuses on how the bodys systems function?
A. Anatomy
B. Physiology
C. Histology
D. Embryology
Answer: B. Physiology Explanation: Physiology examines the functions and
processes of living organisms, such as how the heart pumps blood or how nerves
transmit signals, complementing anatomy by explaining how structures work.
Question 3: Which sequence correctly orders the levels of body organization?
A. Cellular, chemical, tissue, organ
B. Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ
C. Organ, tissue, cellular, chemical
D. Tissue, cellular, organ, chemical
Answer: B. Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ Explanation: The body is orga-
nized from the chemical level (atoms and molecules) to the cellular level (basic
living units), then to tissues (groups of similar cells), and finally to organs (struc-
tures with specific functions), forming a hierarchical structure.
1
,Question 4: What is the smallest living unit in the human body?
A. Atom
B. Cell
C. Tissue
D. Organ
Answer: B. Cell Explanation: Cells are the smallest units capable of indepen-
dent life, performing essential functions like metabolism, growth, and reproduc-
tion, serving as the foundation for all body tissues and organs.
Question 5: What is the standard anatomical position for describing body directions?
A. Lying face down
B. Standing upright, palms forward
C. Sitting with legs crossed
D. Lying face up
Answer: B. Standing upright, palms forward Explanation: The anatomical posi-
tion is a standardized posture where the body stands upright, feet together, arms at
sides, and palms facing forward, providing a consistent reference for directional
terms like superior or medial.
2 Chapter 2: Chemistry of Life
2.1 Questions and Answers
Question 1: What is the fundamental unit of all matter?
A. Molecule
B. Atom
C. Ion
D. Compound
Answer: B. Atom Explanation: Atoms are the smallest units of matter, consist-
ing of protons, neutrons, and electrons, and they combine to form molecules and
compounds, forming the basis of all chemical reactions in the body.
Question 2: What type of substance is water classified as?
A. Element
B. Compound
C. Ion
D. Isotope
2
, Answer: B. Compound Explanation: Water (HO) is a compound formed by
the chemical bonding of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom, critical for
biological processes like hydration and chemical reactions.
Question 3: A solution with a pH below 7 is classified as?
A. Basic
B. Neutral
C. Acidic
D. Alkaline
Answer: C. Acidic Explanation: A pH below 7 indicates a higher concentration
of hydrogen ions, making the solution acidic, which can influence enzyme activity
and cellular processes in the body.
Question 4: Which molecule is an example of an organic compound?
A. Water
B. Glucose
C. Sodium chloride
D. Carbon dioxide
Answer: B. Glucose Explanation: Glucose, a carbohydrate, is an organic com-
pound containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, serving as a primary energy
source for cells, unlike inorganic compounds like water or sodium chloride.
Question 5: What are enzymes primarily made of?
A. Lipids
B. Proteins
C. Carbohydrates
D. Nucleic acids
Answer: B. Proteins Explanation: Enzymes are proteins that act as biological
catalysts, accelerating chemical reactions like digestion or metabolism without
being consumed, essential for maintaining life processes.
3 Chapter 3: Cells
3.1 Questions and Answers
Question 1: What is the main structural component of the cell membrane?
A. Proteins
B. Phospholipids
C. Carbohydrates
D. Nucleic acids
3
