ZUL1505 EXAM PACK
2025
QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
For assistance contact
Email:
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CONTENTS
Page
IYUNITI YOKUQALA IFONETIKI (PHONETICS) 1
1.1 Isendlalelo seyunithi (introduction) 1
1.2 Ifonetiki 2
1.3 Izitho zomzimba ezisebenza uma sikhuluma (speech organs) 3
1.3.1 Untu (diaphragm) 3
1.3.2 Isifuba kanye namaphaphu (chest and lungs) 4
1.3.3 Uqhoqhoqho (trachea) 4
1.3.4 Umphimbo (esophagus) 4
1.3.5 Ulwanga oluqinile (hard palate) 5
1.3.6 Izinsini (alveolar ridge) 5
1.3.7 Ulimu (tongue) 5
1.3.8 Izindebe zomlomo (lips) 5
1.3.9 Amazinyo (teeth) 5
1.3.10 Umgudu wamakhala (nasal cavity) 6
1.3.11 Ukunyakaza komoya emgudwini wawo (airstream) 6
1.4 Imisindo (sounds) 6
1.4.1 Onkamisa (vowels) 6
1.4.2 Osingakamisa / onxamkamisa (semi-vowels): /w/, /y/ 8
1.4.3 Ongwaqa (consonants) 9
1.4.3.1 Indawo emlonyeni imisindo ephinyiswa kuyo (place of articulation) 9
1.4.3.1.1 Ondebembili (bilabials) 9
1.4.3.1.2 Ondebezinyo (dentilabials) 10
1.4.3.1.3 Onsinini (alveolars) 10
1.4.3.1.4 Olwangeni (palatals) 10
1.4.3.1.5 Omalakeni (velars) 10
1.4.3.1.6 Omphinjeni (glottals) 10
1.4.3.2 Indlela yokuphimisa imisindo (manner of articulation) 11
1.4.3.2.1 Odubulayo/omadubula (plosives) 11
1.4.3.2.2 Ongwaqa abangoputshu (ejectives) 11
1.4.3.2.3 Ongwaqa abavuthelwayo (aspirated consonants) 11
1.4.3.2.4 Umbibithwa (implosive) 11
1.4.3.2.5 Omankankane (nasals) 11
1.4.3.2.6 Ohlangothi/oseceleni (laterals) 12
1.4.3.2.7 Omfuthwa ( fricatives) 12
1.4.3.2.8 Abayisiqinisomuthwa (affrifcates) 12
1.4.3.2.9 Ilikhwidi (liquid) 12
1.4.3.2.10 Uvevezela (trill) 12
1.4.3.3 Ama-alofoni (allophones) 12
1.5 Ukubhalwa kwemisindo ngokwefonetiki (phonetic transcription) 13
1.6 Isipheto seyunithi 15
IYUNITHI YESIBILI: IFONOLOJI (PHONOLOGY ) 17
2.1 Isendlalelo seyunithi (introduction) 17
2.2 Ifonoloji 17
2.3 Imisindo 17
2.4 Izinguquko zemisindo (sound changes) 20
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2.4.1 Ukulumbana konkamisa (vowel coalescence) 20
2.4.2 Ukungwaqazisa (consonantalisation) 21
2.4.3 Ukunkankazisa (nasalisation) 21
2.4.4 Ukulwangisa (patalisation) 22
2.4.5 Ukweqiwa konkamisa (vowel elision) 22
2.4.5.1 Ukweqiwa konkamisa okuyimpoqo 23
2.4.5.2 Ukeqiwa konkamisa ngokuthanda 23
2.5 Isiphetho seyunithi 23
IYUNITHI YESITHATHU: IMOFOLOJI (MORPHOLOGY ) 25
3.1 Isendlalelo seyunithi (introduction) 25
3.2 Ibizo (noun) 25
3.2.1 Izinhlobo zamabizo (types of nouns) 25
3.2.1.1 Amabizoqho 25
3.2.1.2 Amabizomuntu 26
3.2.1.3 Amabizongxube 26
3.2.1.4 Amabizombaxa 26
3.2.1.5 Amabizoqoqa 27
3.2.1.6 Amabizonto 27
3.2.1.7 Amabizo abolekiwe 27
3.2.2 Izakhi zamabizo 27
3.2.2.1 Isiqalo (prefi x) 28
3.2.2.2 Isiqu (stem) 29
3.2.2.3 Umsuka (root) 29
3.2.2.4 Umkhamisa ogcinile (suffi xal vowel) 30
3.3 Izabizwana (pronouns) 31
3.3.1 Isabizwana soqobo 31
3.3.2 Isabizwana sokukhomba 32
3.3.3 Isabizwana senani 32
3.3.4 Isabizwana sokubala 33
3.4 Isenzo (verb) 34
3.4.1 Izinhlobo zezenzo 34
3.4.1.1 Uhlobo lwezenzo ngokwamalunga 34
3.4.1.2 Uhlobo lwezenzo eziqala ngonkamisa 34
3.4.2 Izinkathi zesenzo 34
3.4.2.1 Inkathi yamanje 34
3.4.2.2 Inkathi endlule 35
3.4.2.3 Inkathi ezayo 35
3.4.3 Izijobelelo zesenzo 36
3.4.3.1 Izijobelelo zesenzo eziveza inkathi 36
3.4.3.2 Izijobelelo zesenzo eziveza impambosi 37
3.4.2.2.1 Izimpambosi zesenzo 37
3.5 Isiphetho seyunithi 39
IYUNITHI YESINE: ISINTEKISI (SYNTAX) 40
4.1 Isendlalelo seyunithi (introduction) 40
4.2 Isintekisi 40
4.3 Ukuma komusho (sentence structure) 40
4.4 Ukuhleleka kwamagama emshweni (word order) 41
4.5 Izinhlobo zemisho (types of sentences) 43
4.5.1 Umusho olula (simple sentence) 43
4.5.2 Umusho ombaxa (compound sentence) 44
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4.5.3 Umusho omagatshagatsha (complex sentence) 45
4.6 Isiphetho seyunithi 45
IYUNITHI YESIHLANU: ISIMENTIKI (SEMANTICS) 47
5.1 Isendlalelo seyunithi (introduction) 47
5.2 Isimentiki 47
5.3 Ukuhlobana kwamagama (sense relations) 47
5.3.1 Omqondofana (synonymy) 47
5.3.1.1 Amagama okuhlonipha nomqondofana 48
5.3.2 Omqondophika (antonymy) 49
5.3.3 Omabizwafane (homonymy) 50
5.3.4 Ophimbohluka (heterotonymy) 50
5.4 Isiphetho seyunithi 51
UHLU LWEZINCWADI 53
ZUL1505/1 v
2025
QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
For assistance contact
Email:
, lOMoARcPSD|31863004
CONTENTS
Page
IYUNITI YOKUQALA IFONETIKI (PHONETICS) 1
1.1 Isendlalelo seyunithi (introduction) 1
1.2 Ifonetiki 2
1.3 Izitho zomzimba ezisebenza uma sikhuluma (speech organs) 3
1.3.1 Untu (diaphragm) 3
1.3.2 Isifuba kanye namaphaphu (chest and lungs) 4
1.3.3 Uqhoqhoqho (trachea) 4
1.3.4 Umphimbo (esophagus) 4
1.3.5 Ulwanga oluqinile (hard palate) 5
1.3.6 Izinsini (alveolar ridge) 5
1.3.7 Ulimu (tongue) 5
1.3.8 Izindebe zomlomo (lips) 5
1.3.9 Amazinyo (teeth) 5
1.3.10 Umgudu wamakhala (nasal cavity) 6
1.3.11 Ukunyakaza komoya emgudwini wawo (airstream) 6
1.4 Imisindo (sounds) 6
1.4.1 Onkamisa (vowels) 6
1.4.2 Osingakamisa / onxamkamisa (semi-vowels): /w/, /y/ 8
1.4.3 Ongwaqa (consonants) 9
1.4.3.1 Indawo emlonyeni imisindo ephinyiswa kuyo (place of articulation) 9
1.4.3.1.1 Ondebembili (bilabials) 9
1.4.3.1.2 Ondebezinyo (dentilabials) 10
1.4.3.1.3 Onsinini (alveolars) 10
1.4.3.1.4 Olwangeni (palatals) 10
1.4.3.1.5 Omalakeni (velars) 10
1.4.3.1.6 Omphinjeni (glottals) 10
1.4.3.2 Indlela yokuphimisa imisindo (manner of articulation) 11
1.4.3.2.1 Odubulayo/omadubula (plosives) 11
1.4.3.2.2 Ongwaqa abangoputshu (ejectives) 11
1.4.3.2.3 Ongwaqa abavuthelwayo (aspirated consonants) 11
1.4.3.2.4 Umbibithwa (implosive) 11
1.4.3.2.5 Omankankane (nasals) 11
1.4.3.2.6 Ohlangothi/oseceleni (laterals) 12
1.4.3.2.7 Omfuthwa ( fricatives) 12
1.4.3.2.8 Abayisiqinisomuthwa (affrifcates) 12
1.4.3.2.9 Ilikhwidi (liquid) 12
1.4.3.2.10 Uvevezela (trill) 12
1.4.3.3 Ama-alofoni (allophones) 12
1.5 Ukubhalwa kwemisindo ngokwefonetiki (phonetic transcription) 13
1.6 Isipheto seyunithi 15
IYUNITHI YESIBILI: IFONOLOJI (PHONOLOGY ) 17
2.1 Isendlalelo seyunithi (introduction) 17
2.2 Ifonoloji 17
2.3 Imisindo 17
2.4 Izinguquko zemisindo (sound changes) 20
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2.4.1 Ukulumbana konkamisa (vowel coalescence) 20
2.4.2 Ukungwaqazisa (consonantalisation) 21
2.4.3 Ukunkankazisa (nasalisation) 21
2.4.4 Ukulwangisa (patalisation) 22
2.4.5 Ukweqiwa konkamisa (vowel elision) 22
2.4.5.1 Ukweqiwa konkamisa okuyimpoqo 23
2.4.5.2 Ukeqiwa konkamisa ngokuthanda 23
2.5 Isiphetho seyunithi 23
IYUNITHI YESITHATHU: IMOFOLOJI (MORPHOLOGY ) 25
3.1 Isendlalelo seyunithi (introduction) 25
3.2 Ibizo (noun) 25
3.2.1 Izinhlobo zamabizo (types of nouns) 25
3.2.1.1 Amabizoqho 25
3.2.1.2 Amabizomuntu 26
3.2.1.3 Amabizongxube 26
3.2.1.4 Amabizombaxa 26
3.2.1.5 Amabizoqoqa 27
3.2.1.6 Amabizonto 27
3.2.1.7 Amabizo abolekiwe 27
3.2.2 Izakhi zamabizo 27
3.2.2.1 Isiqalo (prefi x) 28
3.2.2.2 Isiqu (stem) 29
3.2.2.3 Umsuka (root) 29
3.2.2.4 Umkhamisa ogcinile (suffi xal vowel) 30
3.3 Izabizwana (pronouns) 31
3.3.1 Isabizwana soqobo 31
3.3.2 Isabizwana sokukhomba 32
3.3.3 Isabizwana senani 32
3.3.4 Isabizwana sokubala 33
3.4 Isenzo (verb) 34
3.4.1 Izinhlobo zezenzo 34
3.4.1.1 Uhlobo lwezenzo ngokwamalunga 34
3.4.1.2 Uhlobo lwezenzo eziqala ngonkamisa 34
3.4.2 Izinkathi zesenzo 34
3.4.2.1 Inkathi yamanje 34
3.4.2.2 Inkathi endlule 35
3.4.2.3 Inkathi ezayo 35
3.4.3 Izijobelelo zesenzo 36
3.4.3.1 Izijobelelo zesenzo eziveza inkathi 36
3.4.3.2 Izijobelelo zesenzo eziveza impambosi 37
3.4.2.2.1 Izimpambosi zesenzo 37
3.5 Isiphetho seyunithi 39
IYUNITHI YESINE: ISINTEKISI (SYNTAX) 40
4.1 Isendlalelo seyunithi (introduction) 40
4.2 Isintekisi 40
4.3 Ukuma komusho (sentence structure) 40
4.4 Ukuhleleka kwamagama emshweni (word order) 41
4.5 Izinhlobo zemisho (types of sentences) 43
4.5.1 Umusho olula (simple sentence) 43
4.5.2 Umusho ombaxa (compound sentence) 44
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4.5.3 Umusho omagatshagatsha (complex sentence) 45
4.6 Isiphetho seyunithi 45
IYUNITHI YESIHLANU: ISIMENTIKI (SEMANTICS) 47
5.1 Isendlalelo seyunithi (introduction) 47
5.2 Isimentiki 47
5.3 Ukuhlobana kwamagama (sense relations) 47
5.3.1 Omqondofana (synonymy) 47
5.3.1.1 Amagama okuhlonipha nomqondofana 48
5.3.2 Omqondophika (antonymy) 49
5.3.3 Omabizwafane (homonymy) 50
5.3.4 Ophimbohluka (heterotonymy) 50
5.4 Isiphetho seyunithi 51
UHLU LWEZINCWADI 53
ZUL1505/1 v
