CFRN EXAM STUDY GUIDE
MI PATTERNS - Answer -LISA P.
LATERAL: I,aVL, v5,v6 (LCA/RCA-high lateral wall L Vent)
INFERIOR: II, III, aVF (RCA-inferior & posterior wall L Vent) Wenckebach
SEPTAL: V1, V2 (LCA/bundle branches)
ANTERIOR: V3, V4 (LCA, LAD-anterior wall L Vent)
POSTERIOR: V1,V2,V3,V4:ST Depression (RCA/LCA-L Vent posterior wall)
Charles's Law - Answer -Gas pressure increases as Temp increases
Gas expands in a heated tank, need more AC power in high heat, less in cold.
Henry 's Law - Answer -Decompression: the amount of dissolved gas in a liquid is
proportional to its partial pressure above the liquid
Dalton's Law - Answer -Molecules shrink under pressure. It takes more molecules to fill
the same space. More altitude=more O2 needed.
Graham's Law - Answer -Diffusion rate of gas thru a liquid is related to solubility of the
gas. Higher to Lower Concentrations. (mucous in the lungs with O2
Boyle's Law - Answer -Trapped gas expands with altitude. (Air splints, Chest tubes, ET
Tubes, Bowels)
Gay-Lussac's Law - Answer -Pressure in the tanks go down as temperature goes down
(rigid container)
Murphy Sign - Answer -Gallbladder, unable to take deep breath during palpation under
the right ribs.
Cullen Sign - Answer -Appearance: Bruising of the umbilicus.
Cause: Retroperitoneal bleed, pancreatitis, Trauma, ruptured ectopic
Grey-Turner Sign - Answer -Appearance: Bruising of the flanks.
Cause: Retroperitoneal bleed, pancreatitis, Trauma, ruptured ectopic
Asterixis - Answer -Liver, Hepatitis, Hands held out and shaking
Cushing's Reflex - Answer -Increased ICP, widening pulse pressure, bradycardia, resp
changes (cheyne stokes).
RBC, HGB, HCT - Answer -5, 15, 45
RBC: 4.7-6.1 c/mcL
HBG: 13.8-17.2 g/dL
HCT: 41-50%
,WBC - Answer -4,500-11,000
PLT - Answer -150,000-400,000
K+ (Potassium) - Answer -3.5-5.0
Creat - Answer -0.8-1.4
Glucose - Answer -65-110
Cl (Cloride) - Answer -95-105
Sodium - Answer -135-145
BUN - Answer -7-20
Phos - Answer -2.4-4.1
AMY - Answer -60-160
LIP - Answer -<160
Urine pH - Answer -4.8-7.5
Anion Gap - Answer -8-16, greater than 16=metabolic acidosis
Lactate - Answer ->2=abnormal
>3=lactic acidosis
>4=significant hypoperfusion
Fibrin Degregation - Answer -DIC
<10 mcg/mL=Normal
>40 mcg/ml=Critical
PT - Answer -11-13 seconds (Coumadin)
PTT - Answer -25-35 seconds (Heparin)
PT/INR - Answer -0.9-1.2 (Coumadin)
Cranial Nerves 1-6 of 12 - Answer -1: olfactory-smell
2: optic-vision
3: occulomotor-eye opening/pupil constriction
4: troclear-up/down eye movement
5: trigeminal-chewing/ facial sensation
, 6: abducens-right/left eye movement
Cranial Nerves 7-12 of 12 - Answer -7: facial-taste/ mouth movement/ tears/ saliva
8: vestibulocochlear acoustic-hearing/ equilibrium
9: glossophargeal-talking/ gag reflex/ taste/ carotic reflex
10: vagus-talking/ swollowing
11: spinal accessory-shoulder shrug
12: hypoglossal-tongue movement
APGAR - Answer -Appearance
Pulse Rate
Grimace
Activity
Resp Effort
What Altitude is Night Vision cut in 1/2 - Answer -5,000-10,000 ft
Heat Loss 4 Ways - Answer -Radiation: heat rises off skin
Conduction: lose heat in contact with cold
Convection: heat loss by moving air over skin
Evaporation: fluids are absorbed to surrounding object or air
CVP (central venous pressure)
Norm, Effect, Med tx? - Answer -Right side of the heart PRELOAD (norm: 2-6) (to
decrease PRELOAD: Lasix, Nitro, Morphine)
PCWP/PAOP (pulm cap/art wedge pressure)
Norm, Effect, Med tx? - Answer -Left side of the heart PRELOAD (norm: 8-12) (to
decrease PRELOAD: Lasix, Nitro, Morphine)
PVR (pulm vasc resistance) measures? Norm? - Answer -Right side of the heart
AFTERLOAD (norm: 50-250)
SVR (systemic vasc resistance) measures? Norm? - Answer -Left side of the heart
AFTERLOAD (norm: 800-1200)
Meds to decrease afterload - Answer -Nipride, Nicardipine, Dilt (CCBs), Labetolol,
Esmolol
Meds to increase afterload - Answer -NorEpi (Levophed),Vasopressin,Dopamine,
Phenylephrine
Cardiac Output (CO) - Answer -SV (norm 60-130 ml/beat)
x
HR (norm 60-100 beats/min)
=
MI PATTERNS - Answer -LISA P.
LATERAL: I,aVL, v5,v6 (LCA/RCA-high lateral wall L Vent)
INFERIOR: II, III, aVF (RCA-inferior & posterior wall L Vent) Wenckebach
SEPTAL: V1, V2 (LCA/bundle branches)
ANTERIOR: V3, V4 (LCA, LAD-anterior wall L Vent)
POSTERIOR: V1,V2,V3,V4:ST Depression (RCA/LCA-L Vent posterior wall)
Charles's Law - Answer -Gas pressure increases as Temp increases
Gas expands in a heated tank, need more AC power in high heat, less in cold.
Henry 's Law - Answer -Decompression: the amount of dissolved gas in a liquid is
proportional to its partial pressure above the liquid
Dalton's Law - Answer -Molecules shrink under pressure. It takes more molecules to fill
the same space. More altitude=more O2 needed.
Graham's Law - Answer -Diffusion rate of gas thru a liquid is related to solubility of the
gas. Higher to Lower Concentrations. (mucous in the lungs with O2
Boyle's Law - Answer -Trapped gas expands with altitude. (Air splints, Chest tubes, ET
Tubes, Bowels)
Gay-Lussac's Law - Answer -Pressure in the tanks go down as temperature goes down
(rigid container)
Murphy Sign - Answer -Gallbladder, unable to take deep breath during palpation under
the right ribs.
Cullen Sign - Answer -Appearance: Bruising of the umbilicus.
Cause: Retroperitoneal bleed, pancreatitis, Trauma, ruptured ectopic
Grey-Turner Sign - Answer -Appearance: Bruising of the flanks.
Cause: Retroperitoneal bleed, pancreatitis, Trauma, ruptured ectopic
Asterixis - Answer -Liver, Hepatitis, Hands held out and shaking
Cushing's Reflex - Answer -Increased ICP, widening pulse pressure, bradycardia, resp
changes (cheyne stokes).
RBC, HGB, HCT - Answer -5, 15, 45
RBC: 4.7-6.1 c/mcL
HBG: 13.8-17.2 g/dL
HCT: 41-50%
,WBC - Answer -4,500-11,000
PLT - Answer -150,000-400,000
K+ (Potassium) - Answer -3.5-5.0
Creat - Answer -0.8-1.4
Glucose - Answer -65-110
Cl (Cloride) - Answer -95-105
Sodium - Answer -135-145
BUN - Answer -7-20
Phos - Answer -2.4-4.1
AMY - Answer -60-160
LIP - Answer -<160
Urine pH - Answer -4.8-7.5
Anion Gap - Answer -8-16, greater than 16=metabolic acidosis
Lactate - Answer ->2=abnormal
>3=lactic acidosis
>4=significant hypoperfusion
Fibrin Degregation - Answer -DIC
<10 mcg/mL=Normal
>40 mcg/ml=Critical
PT - Answer -11-13 seconds (Coumadin)
PTT - Answer -25-35 seconds (Heparin)
PT/INR - Answer -0.9-1.2 (Coumadin)
Cranial Nerves 1-6 of 12 - Answer -1: olfactory-smell
2: optic-vision
3: occulomotor-eye opening/pupil constriction
4: troclear-up/down eye movement
5: trigeminal-chewing/ facial sensation
, 6: abducens-right/left eye movement
Cranial Nerves 7-12 of 12 - Answer -7: facial-taste/ mouth movement/ tears/ saliva
8: vestibulocochlear acoustic-hearing/ equilibrium
9: glossophargeal-talking/ gag reflex/ taste/ carotic reflex
10: vagus-talking/ swollowing
11: spinal accessory-shoulder shrug
12: hypoglossal-tongue movement
APGAR - Answer -Appearance
Pulse Rate
Grimace
Activity
Resp Effort
What Altitude is Night Vision cut in 1/2 - Answer -5,000-10,000 ft
Heat Loss 4 Ways - Answer -Radiation: heat rises off skin
Conduction: lose heat in contact with cold
Convection: heat loss by moving air over skin
Evaporation: fluids are absorbed to surrounding object or air
CVP (central venous pressure)
Norm, Effect, Med tx? - Answer -Right side of the heart PRELOAD (norm: 2-6) (to
decrease PRELOAD: Lasix, Nitro, Morphine)
PCWP/PAOP (pulm cap/art wedge pressure)
Norm, Effect, Med tx? - Answer -Left side of the heart PRELOAD (norm: 8-12) (to
decrease PRELOAD: Lasix, Nitro, Morphine)
PVR (pulm vasc resistance) measures? Norm? - Answer -Right side of the heart
AFTERLOAD (norm: 50-250)
SVR (systemic vasc resistance) measures? Norm? - Answer -Left side of the heart
AFTERLOAD (norm: 800-1200)
Meds to decrease afterload - Answer -Nipride, Nicardipine, Dilt (CCBs), Labetolol,
Esmolol
Meds to increase afterload - Answer -NorEpi (Levophed),Vasopressin,Dopamine,
Phenylephrine
Cardiac Output (CO) - Answer -SV (norm 60-130 ml/beat)
x
HR (norm 60-100 beats/min)
=
