WGU D278 OA | Objective Assessment | Questions
and Answers | 2025 Update | 100% Correct.
Which evidence do teachers use to evaluate student knowledge and comprehension in a standards -
based grading system? - correct answer -Students demonstrate a level of mastery related to a specific
measurement topic.
How does a teacher know student performance is improving in a standards-based grading system? -
correct answer -Students achieve higher proficiency levels.
What does scoring a level 2.0 on a standards-based proficiency scale indicate about student learning
when a level 3.0 is the target proficiency level? - correct answer -The student has yet to fully master the
standard being assessed.
What distinguishes the assessments in a standards-based grading system from those of a traditional
grading system? - correct answer -In traditional grading systems, the number of possible points varies
by assessment; in standards-based systems, the proficiency scale remains the same, regardless of the
assessment.
What distinguishes standards-based grading systems from standards-referenced grading systems? -
correct answer -In standards-based grading systems, students are to meet a defined level of proficiency
for the standard; in standards-referenced grading systems, the goal is for students to demonstrate
proficiency of learning outcomes based on specific standards.
(In standards-based grading systems, students demonstrate predefined levels of mastery of specific
standards, while in standards-referenced grading systems, students demonstrate learning outcomes
based on standards.)
What is one requirement of standards-based grading systems? - correct answer -Adherence to common
standards
How are standards-based grading systems different from norm-referenced grading systems? - correct
answer -The production of descriptive feedback
Which grading system focuses on converting demonstrated levels of mastery to total points earned on a
proficiency scale? - correct answer -Standards-based grading system
,WGU D278 OA | Objective Assessment | Questions
and Answers | 2025 Update | 100% Correct.
What is a teacher's primary focus in a standards-based grading system? - correct answer -Measuring
student learning related to the achievement of learning goals
loop
is a program construct that repeatedly executes the statements
iteration
Each time through a loop's statements
infinite loop
a loop that never stops changing
loop iterating a # of times has three parts
loop variable initialization before the loop, a decision statement for the loop expression, and a loop
variable update at the end of the loop body
While Loop
a loop that repeatedly executes the loop body while the loop's expression evaluates to true
A For Loop
a loop that typically describes iterating for a specific number of times - consists of variable initialization,
a loop expression, and a loop variable update statement
A Nested Loop
A loop inside the body of another loop.
A Do-While Loop
Loop that first executes the loop body's statements, then checks the loop condition. Useful when the
loop should iterate at least once,
Functions
a named list of statements
Function Definition
What is the function gonna do? Consists of the new function's name & block of statements - any valid
identifier
Function Call
invocation of a function's name, causing the function's statements to execute
Main Function
, WGU D278 OA | Objective Assessment | Questions
and Answers | 2025 Update | 100% Correct.
A program's execution begin
Parameters
like a variable declaration; definition; programmer can influence a function's behavior via an input
Which advantage do standards-based grading systems have over traditional grading systems? - correct
answer -One individual standard is assessed at a time, rather than multiple standards.
What is one advantage of using a numerical score of 2.0 rather than a letter grade of C or D to
communicate a student's proficiency level to guardians? - correct answer -Assigning a student a
numerical proficiency level of 2.0 more clearly indicates the student's need for additional practice to
achieve proficiency.
What is a common criticism of standards-based grading - correct answer -Assessment results do not
contain content outside of the stated standard.
What is the purpose of a focus statement for a standard? - correct answer -To clarify the standard for
classroom assessments
How do measurement topics guide the assessment development process? - correct answer -They help
identify content and skills to be tested.
Which element is included in measurement topics? - correct answer -Concepts
Which focus statement assesses declarative knowledge?
a. Understands the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate
b. Analyzes and documents the steps in the process of the citric acid cycle
c. Creates a presentation about proton gradients
d. Illustrates a mitochondrion - correct answer -a. Understands the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate
Which focus statement assesses declarative knowledge?
a. Utilizes paint colors to create a new color
and Answers | 2025 Update | 100% Correct.
Which evidence do teachers use to evaluate student knowledge and comprehension in a standards -
based grading system? - correct answer -Students demonstrate a level of mastery related to a specific
measurement topic.
How does a teacher know student performance is improving in a standards-based grading system? -
correct answer -Students achieve higher proficiency levels.
What does scoring a level 2.0 on a standards-based proficiency scale indicate about student learning
when a level 3.0 is the target proficiency level? - correct answer -The student has yet to fully master the
standard being assessed.
What distinguishes the assessments in a standards-based grading system from those of a traditional
grading system? - correct answer -In traditional grading systems, the number of possible points varies
by assessment; in standards-based systems, the proficiency scale remains the same, regardless of the
assessment.
What distinguishes standards-based grading systems from standards-referenced grading systems? -
correct answer -In standards-based grading systems, students are to meet a defined level of proficiency
for the standard; in standards-referenced grading systems, the goal is for students to demonstrate
proficiency of learning outcomes based on specific standards.
(In standards-based grading systems, students demonstrate predefined levels of mastery of specific
standards, while in standards-referenced grading systems, students demonstrate learning outcomes
based on standards.)
What is one requirement of standards-based grading systems? - correct answer -Adherence to common
standards
How are standards-based grading systems different from norm-referenced grading systems? - correct
answer -The production of descriptive feedback
Which grading system focuses on converting demonstrated levels of mastery to total points earned on a
proficiency scale? - correct answer -Standards-based grading system
,WGU D278 OA | Objective Assessment | Questions
and Answers | 2025 Update | 100% Correct.
What is a teacher's primary focus in a standards-based grading system? - correct answer -Measuring
student learning related to the achievement of learning goals
loop
is a program construct that repeatedly executes the statements
iteration
Each time through a loop's statements
infinite loop
a loop that never stops changing
loop iterating a # of times has three parts
loop variable initialization before the loop, a decision statement for the loop expression, and a loop
variable update at the end of the loop body
While Loop
a loop that repeatedly executes the loop body while the loop's expression evaluates to true
A For Loop
a loop that typically describes iterating for a specific number of times - consists of variable initialization,
a loop expression, and a loop variable update statement
A Nested Loop
A loop inside the body of another loop.
A Do-While Loop
Loop that first executes the loop body's statements, then checks the loop condition. Useful when the
loop should iterate at least once,
Functions
a named list of statements
Function Definition
What is the function gonna do? Consists of the new function's name & block of statements - any valid
identifier
Function Call
invocation of a function's name, causing the function's statements to execute
Main Function
, WGU D278 OA | Objective Assessment | Questions
and Answers | 2025 Update | 100% Correct.
A program's execution begin
Parameters
like a variable declaration; definition; programmer can influence a function's behavior via an input
Which advantage do standards-based grading systems have over traditional grading systems? - correct
answer -One individual standard is assessed at a time, rather than multiple standards.
What is one advantage of using a numerical score of 2.0 rather than a letter grade of C or D to
communicate a student's proficiency level to guardians? - correct answer -Assigning a student a
numerical proficiency level of 2.0 more clearly indicates the student's need for additional practice to
achieve proficiency.
What is a common criticism of standards-based grading - correct answer -Assessment results do not
contain content outside of the stated standard.
What is the purpose of a focus statement for a standard? - correct answer -To clarify the standard for
classroom assessments
How do measurement topics guide the assessment development process? - correct answer -They help
identify content and skills to be tested.
Which element is included in measurement topics? - correct answer -Concepts
Which focus statement assesses declarative knowledge?
a. Understands the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate
b. Analyzes and documents the steps in the process of the citric acid cycle
c. Creates a presentation about proton gradients
d. Illustrates a mitochondrion - correct answer -a. Understands the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate
Which focus statement assesses declarative knowledge?
a. Utilizes paint colors to create a new color
