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COM3705 Assignment 1 2025 - Distinction Guaranteed _ UNISA

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This COM3705 Assignment 1 (2025) critically examines the role of international communication, media framing, and news flow patterns in times of war and armed conflict, with a particular focus on the Tigray conflict in Ethiopia (2020–2022). It is an essential resource for communication science students studying global media, international relations, and journalism. Key coverage includes: Historical Context of War Reporting: From adventure-style narratives in the late 1800s to modern complex war coverage shaped by global politics. Framing Theory in War Reporting: Analysis of how media outlets selected frames—humanitarian crisis, counter-terrorism, and political rivalry—to shape global narratives. Case Study – Tigray Conflict: Examination of information blackouts, propaganda battles, social media activism (#StandWithTigray, Fact Check Ethiopia), and media bias in reporting. Theories of International News Flow: Structural Imperialism, World Systems Theory, and Media Imperialism highlighting global inequalities in information flow. Inequalities in Global Communication: Causes such as colonial history, language dominance, economic power, and the digital divide. International Communication & Armed Conflicts: How media acts as a battlefield of narratives, influences humanitarian intervention, and creates propaganda opportunities. The CNN Effect: Critical discussion on whether live global news still drives policy decisions in today’s fragmented media environment. Propaganda & Control of Information: Evaluation of government censorship, press restrictions, and NGO reports in shaping narratives of war. This assignment is a comprehensive study resource that blends theory, case analysis, and critical reflection to help students prepare for tests, research, and examinations in International Communication (COM3705).

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COM3705
ASSIGNMENT 1 2025
DUE: 27 AUGUST 2025 (MEMO)

,COM3705

ASSIGNMENT 1 2025

DUE 27 AUGUST 2025


COM3705 Semester 2 Assignment 1 (Media coverage of war)

In preparation for this assignment, please read Unit 2, Unit 4 & Unit 5, and the following
article:


Pavlik, JV. The Russian war in Ukraine and the implications for the news media. Athens
Journal for Mass Media and Communication, 8:1-17. (PLEASE NOTE: Even though this
article relates to the Russian war in Ukraine, the general content relates to the overall
topic of the assignment).

Tofa, M, Kifle, AA & Kinkoh, H. 2022. Political and Media Analysis on the Tigray Conflict
in Ethiopia. European Institute of Peace. Brussels: EIP.



Your other main sources for this assignment will be prescribed readings (listed below)
that are available on your myUnisa site. You are, however, also allowed to utilise any
other additional ACADEMIC material.



Assignment Brief



When war reporting emerged as a specialisation from 1885 onwards, the expectations
of journalists were quite simple. Journalists were expected to write reports as narratives
of adventure without too much political comment or moralising. A century and a half on,
the issue of the relationship between journalists, media and war has come to the fore
again, but this time the expectations of journalists are far less clear-cut.

, The role of the media in armed conflicts and war has become even more important,
reflecting changes in both media technologies and global audiences. Changes in media
technologies include, amongst others, the rise of social media networks, citizen
journalism, and user-generated content.



Since the end of the Cold War, the world has seen several armed conflicts, ethnic
cleansing, and genocides. International media and international journalists, including
war correspondence, have been key players in the public communication process about
the narration of the war and its understanding by the public.



Framing theory is not necessarily a new theory in the media. However, it is only in
recent years that it has become paramount in analysing media contents. Framing theory
is particularly well-suited for studying propaganda and war coverage. Framing can be
qualitative, quantitative and connotative. Moreover, framing can be used for
prescriptive, descriptive and comparative analysis (Berenger, 2004:3).



The purpose of this assignment is for you to analyse the reporting or coverage of the
Tigray conflict in Ethiopia (2020-2022). Your discussion should be structured
accordingly and cover the following topics:

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