IRM1501
Assignment 1
Semester 2
Unique No: 861902
DUE 20 August 2025
, ASSIGNMENT ONE
UNIQUE NUMBER: 861902
Introduction
Empirical research is one of the cornerstones of research methodology because it
involves systematic observation, measurement, and analysis of data to answer a
specific question or test a hypothesis. Unlike theoretical or purely document-based
research, empirical research is evidence-driven and seeks to produce verifiable and
reliable findings. In law and the social sciences, this type of research is particularly
valuable because it provides practical insights into how legal systems, policies, or social
issues operate in reality. For this reason, empirical research is widely applied in fields
such as criminology, family law, sociology, psychology, and education.^1
Components of Empirical Research
1. Research Problem or Question
The first and most important component of empirical research is the identification of the
research problem or question. Without a well-defined problem, the research risks
becoming unfocused and irrelevant. A research problem sets the stage for the entire
study and determines the scope and purpose. In the legal context, a research problem
may address issues such as case backlogs, access to justice, or the effectiveness of
certain laws.
• Example: A researcher might ask: “Does the introduction of specialised sexual
offences courts improve access to justice for victims of gender-based violence in
South Africa?” This clearly defines the area of focus and signals what data will
need to be collected.^2
2. Literature Review
Once the problem is identified, a literature review must be conducted to examine what is
already known about the issue. The purpose of a literature review is twofold: firstly, it
prevents duplication by showing how other researchers have addressed similar
questions; secondly, it highlights knowledge gaps that the new research can fill.
Assignment 1
Semester 2
Unique No: 861902
DUE 20 August 2025
, ASSIGNMENT ONE
UNIQUE NUMBER: 861902
Introduction
Empirical research is one of the cornerstones of research methodology because it
involves systematic observation, measurement, and analysis of data to answer a
specific question or test a hypothesis. Unlike theoretical or purely document-based
research, empirical research is evidence-driven and seeks to produce verifiable and
reliable findings. In law and the social sciences, this type of research is particularly
valuable because it provides practical insights into how legal systems, policies, or social
issues operate in reality. For this reason, empirical research is widely applied in fields
such as criminology, family law, sociology, psychology, and education.^1
Components of Empirical Research
1. Research Problem or Question
The first and most important component of empirical research is the identification of the
research problem or question. Without a well-defined problem, the research risks
becoming unfocused and irrelevant. A research problem sets the stage for the entire
study and determines the scope and purpose. In the legal context, a research problem
may address issues such as case backlogs, access to justice, or the effectiveness of
certain laws.
• Example: A researcher might ask: “Does the introduction of specialised sexual
offences courts improve access to justice for victims of gender-based violence in
South Africa?” This clearly defines the area of focus and signals what data will
need to be collected.^2
2. Literature Review
Once the problem is identified, a literature review must be conducted to examine what is
already known about the issue. The purpose of a literature review is twofold: firstly, it
prevents duplication by showing how other researchers have addressed similar
questions; secondly, it highlights knowledge gaps that the new research can fill.
