Assignment 02 AFL2601 Semester 2
ISIZULU [100]
Communication Dynamics in African Languages
AFL2601 Semester 2
Department of African Languages
, UMBUZO 1 – Isingeniso ngenhlalomlando yezilimi zase-Afrika (10)
UGuthrie, umcwaningi ohlonishwayo wezilimi zase-Afrika, wathi izilimi zesiNtu
zingahlukaniswa njengeqembu elizimele elinezimpawu ezithile ezibalulekile. Lezi
zimpawu ezine okumele ulimi lube nazo ukuze lubizwe njengezilimi zesiNtu zimi kanje:
1. Uhlelo lwezigaba zamabizo (Noun Class System)
Izilimi zesiNtu zonke zinezigaba zamabizo ezihlukaniswe ngezifakanyiso
ezihlukile (prefixes), ezikhombisa ukuthi ibizo lingowesilisa, owesifazane, into
engaphezulu noma into ethile. Lokhu kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokuhlela
amagama nokuvumelana emishweni.
o Isibonelo sesiZulu:
umuntu (isigaba 1 – isilisa/owesilisa)
abantu (isigaba 2 – abantu abaningi)
Lezi zigaba zenza ukuthi amagama ahambisane kahle futhi
umusho ube nobunjalo obuqondile.
2. Ukuvumelana kwamagama (Concordial Agreement)
Lokhu kusho ukuthi amanye amagama emshweni kufanele avumelane
ngesigaba namabizo aphambili ukuze incazelo iqondwe kahle. Lokhu
kuqinisekisa ukuvumelana okucacile phakathi kwamagama emshweni, okwenza
ulimi lube nombhalo ocacile nokuqondakala kahle.
o Isibonelo:
Umfana omkhulu uyahamba. Lapha, omkhulu (isabizwana esichaza
umfana) sivumelana no-mfana ngesigaba 1.
3. Uhlelo lokwakhiwa kwamagama ngokungeza izijobelelo (Agglutination)
Izilimi zesiNtu zivame ukwakha amagama amasha ngokuhlanganisa izijobelelo
nezimpande zamagama, okuvumela ukuba amagama abe nezincazelo eziningi
ngokusebenzisa iziqalo, izijobelelo zangaphakathi nezangaphandle.
o Isibonelo:
Izenzo zesiZulu zivame ukusebenzisa izijobelelo zokwenzisa,
njengokuthi funda → fundisa (ukwenza ukufunda kube ukufundisa).
4. Isakhiwo somusho esilandelanayo (Subject-Verb-Object, SVO)
Izilimi zesiNtu zihlala zilandela isakhiwo esiyisisekelo somusho lapho isihloko
(subject) silandelwa yisenzo (verb), bese kuba into ehlobene naleso senzo
(object). Lokhu kusiza ekwenzeni izisho zicace futhi ziqondakale kalula.
o Isibonelo:
Umfana udla isinkwa. Lapha, umfana uyisihloko, udla isenzo,
isinkwa into esithintwayo.
Lezi zimpawu zenza izilimi zesiNtu zihluke kwezinye izilimi zomhlaba futhi zibe nolimi
oluhleleke ngendlela eyingqayizivele nolusebenzayo.
UMBUZO 2 – Isakhiwo sezilimi zase-Afrika (10)
ISIZULU [100]
Communication Dynamics in African Languages
AFL2601 Semester 2
Department of African Languages
, UMBUZO 1 – Isingeniso ngenhlalomlando yezilimi zase-Afrika (10)
UGuthrie, umcwaningi ohlonishwayo wezilimi zase-Afrika, wathi izilimi zesiNtu
zingahlukaniswa njengeqembu elizimele elinezimpawu ezithile ezibalulekile. Lezi
zimpawu ezine okumele ulimi lube nazo ukuze lubizwe njengezilimi zesiNtu zimi kanje:
1. Uhlelo lwezigaba zamabizo (Noun Class System)
Izilimi zesiNtu zonke zinezigaba zamabizo ezihlukaniswe ngezifakanyiso
ezihlukile (prefixes), ezikhombisa ukuthi ibizo lingowesilisa, owesifazane, into
engaphezulu noma into ethile. Lokhu kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokuhlela
amagama nokuvumelana emishweni.
o Isibonelo sesiZulu:
umuntu (isigaba 1 – isilisa/owesilisa)
abantu (isigaba 2 – abantu abaningi)
Lezi zigaba zenza ukuthi amagama ahambisane kahle futhi
umusho ube nobunjalo obuqondile.
2. Ukuvumelana kwamagama (Concordial Agreement)
Lokhu kusho ukuthi amanye amagama emshweni kufanele avumelane
ngesigaba namabizo aphambili ukuze incazelo iqondwe kahle. Lokhu
kuqinisekisa ukuvumelana okucacile phakathi kwamagama emshweni, okwenza
ulimi lube nombhalo ocacile nokuqondakala kahle.
o Isibonelo:
Umfana omkhulu uyahamba. Lapha, omkhulu (isabizwana esichaza
umfana) sivumelana no-mfana ngesigaba 1.
3. Uhlelo lokwakhiwa kwamagama ngokungeza izijobelelo (Agglutination)
Izilimi zesiNtu zivame ukwakha amagama amasha ngokuhlanganisa izijobelelo
nezimpande zamagama, okuvumela ukuba amagama abe nezincazelo eziningi
ngokusebenzisa iziqalo, izijobelelo zangaphakathi nezangaphandle.
o Isibonelo:
Izenzo zesiZulu zivame ukusebenzisa izijobelelo zokwenzisa,
njengokuthi funda → fundisa (ukwenza ukufunda kube ukufundisa).
4. Isakhiwo somusho esilandelanayo (Subject-Verb-Object, SVO)
Izilimi zesiNtu zihlala zilandela isakhiwo esiyisisekelo somusho lapho isihloko
(subject) silandelwa yisenzo (verb), bese kuba into ehlobene naleso senzo
(object). Lokhu kusiza ekwenzeni izisho zicace futhi ziqondakale kalula.
o Isibonelo:
Umfana udla isinkwa. Lapha, umfana uyisihloko, udla isenzo,
isinkwa into esithintwayo.
Lezi zimpawu zenza izilimi zesiNtu zihluke kwezinye izilimi zomhlaba futhi zibe nolimi
oluhleleke ngendlela eyingqayizivele nolusebenzayo.
UMBUZO 2 – Isakhiwo sezilimi zase-Afrika (10)
