Assignment 1 Semester 2 2025
Unique Number: 143131
Due Date: 18 August 2025
QUESTION 1: DIVERSITY AND CONFLICT IN AFRICA
Introduction
Africa is a continent rich in diversity. It is home to over 1,500 languages, hundreds of ethnic
groups, and many religious and cultural traditions. While this diversity can be a strength, it
has also been a source of conflict. Many African countries have faced serious violence,
partly because of the differences between groups in terms of ethnicity, religion, culture, and
access to resources. This essay explains how the deep diversity of Africa sometimes fuels
tension and conflict.
Ethnic Diversity and Historical Divisions
One of the main causes of conflict in Africa is ethnic diversity, especially when different
groups are treated unequally. Many African countries were created by colonial powers that
drew borders without considering ethnic and cultural boundaries. This resulted in people of
the same ethnic group living in different countries and different groups being forced to live
together under one government. In countries like Rwanda, Burundi, and Nigeria, this has
created serious tension. In Rwanda, for example, the conflict between Hutu and TutsiTerms of use
groups
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led to a genocide in 1994, where around 800,000 people were killed. This deep division was
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