Cardiovascular Physiology Exam Questions
with correct answers provided
What is the function of the Circulatory (Cardiovascular) System - ✅✅1. Transportation (deliver of
gases, nutrients, and hormones)
2. Regulation (temperature, pH, fluid balance)
3. Protection from pathogens and blood loss after injuries
What are the components of CVS - ✅✅1. Blood-fluid connective tissue
2. Blood Vessels- tubes that direct blood
3. Heart- pump
Arteries - ✅✅take blood away from the heart
Veins - ✅✅take blood to the heart
Capillaries - ✅✅permeable microscopic vessels between arteries and veins
How much volume is in an average adult - ✅✅5 L
What is the Blood pH - ✅✅slightly basic (pH between 7.35 and 7.45) (wiht pH alteration, protein
become denatured)
Blood Composition - ✅✅blood plasma 55% + formed elements 45%
Blood Plasma - ✅✅1. water 92%- medium in which formed elements are suspended and molecules
are dissolved
2. Plasma Proteins 7%- most are produced in liver.
3. Other solutions 1%
,What is Colloid Osmotic Pressure - ✅✅Collectively, all blood proteins exert colloid osmotic pressure
that is responsible for pulling water into the capillaries and the interstitial fluid => helping to maintain
correct blood Volume and Pressure
Components of plasma proteins - ✅✅Albumins 60%
Globulins
Fibrinogen 4%
Regulatory Proteins less than 1%
Albumins - ✅✅Small proteins that transport hormones, some fatty acids, ions and play the major role
in maintaining blood colloid osmotic pressure.
Globulins - ✅✅large proteins transporting lipids and metal ions (immune globulins=antibodies)
Fibrinogens - ✅✅contribute to the blood clot formation
will generate fiber when active
Regulatory proteins - ✅✅enzyme, some hormones
Other solutions in blood plasma - ✅✅make up 1%
blood contains dissolved organic and inorganic molecules and ions: include electrolytes, nutrients, gases,
waste products
Formed Elements - ✅✅Erythrocytes
Leukocytes
Thrombocytes
Erythrocytes - ✅✅red blood cells
Life span: 120 days
, Density: Females-4.8 million Males: 5.4 million
transport
Leukocytes - ✅✅white blood cells
Life span: 12 hours to years
Density: 4500-11000
protection
Thrombocytes - ✅✅Platelettes
Life span: 8-10 days
Density: 150,000-400,000
Clot
Hemopoiesis - ✅✅the continual production of formed elements (making more)
Where does hemopoiesis - ✅✅occurs in the red bone marrow of certain bones
Hemocytoblasts - ✅✅blood stem cells that can differentiate into many types of blood cells influenced
by regulatory chemicals called colony-stimulating factors
Erythrocytes - ✅✅-small lack nucleus and cellular organelles
-shape: biconcave discs (increase surface area)
-Generates ATP through anaerobic respiration (does not consume Oxygen)
-Content: 35% hemoglobin-red-pigmented protein that transports O2 and CO2
Hemoglobin structure - ✅✅Four polypeptides-globins
Each with hemegroup=porphyrin ring+ iron ion
O2 binds to the iron
CO2 and H+ bind to the globin
with correct answers provided
What is the function of the Circulatory (Cardiovascular) System - ✅✅1. Transportation (deliver of
gases, nutrients, and hormones)
2. Regulation (temperature, pH, fluid balance)
3. Protection from pathogens and blood loss after injuries
What are the components of CVS - ✅✅1. Blood-fluid connective tissue
2. Blood Vessels- tubes that direct blood
3. Heart- pump
Arteries - ✅✅take blood away from the heart
Veins - ✅✅take blood to the heart
Capillaries - ✅✅permeable microscopic vessels between arteries and veins
How much volume is in an average adult - ✅✅5 L
What is the Blood pH - ✅✅slightly basic (pH between 7.35 and 7.45) (wiht pH alteration, protein
become denatured)
Blood Composition - ✅✅blood plasma 55% + formed elements 45%
Blood Plasma - ✅✅1. water 92%- medium in which formed elements are suspended and molecules
are dissolved
2. Plasma Proteins 7%- most are produced in liver.
3. Other solutions 1%
,What is Colloid Osmotic Pressure - ✅✅Collectively, all blood proteins exert colloid osmotic pressure
that is responsible for pulling water into the capillaries and the interstitial fluid => helping to maintain
correct blood Volume and Pressure
Components of plasma proteins - ✅✅Albumins 60%
Globulins
Fibrinogen 4%
Regulatory Proteins less than 1%
Albumins - ✅✅Small proteins that transport hormones, some fatty acids, ions and play the major role
in maintaining blood colloid osmotic pressure.
Globulins - ✅✅large proteins transporting lipids and metal ions (immune globulins=antibodies)
Fibrinogens - ✅✅contribute to the blood clot formation
will generate fiber when active
Regulatory proteins - ✅✅enzyme, some hormones
Other solutions in blood plasma - ✅✅make up 1%
blood contains dissolved organic and inorganic molecules and ions: include electrolytes, nutrients, gases,
waste products
Formed Elements - ✅✅Erythrocytes
Leukocytes
Thrombocytes
Erythrocytes - ✅✅red blood cells
Life span: 120 days
, Density: Females-4.8 million Males: 5.4 million
transport
Leukocytes - ✅✅white blood cells
Life span: 12 hours to years
Density: 4500-11000
protection
Thrombocytes - ✅✅Platelettes
Life span: 8-10 days
Density: 150,000-400,000
Clot
Hemopoiesis - ✅✅the continual production of formed elements (making more)
Where does hemopoiesis - ✅✅occurs in the red bone marrow of certain bones
Hemocytoblasts - ✅✅blood stem cells that can differentiate into many types of blood cells influenced
by regulatory chemicals called colony-stimulating factors
Erythrocytes - ✅✅-small lack nucleus and cellular organelles
-shape: biconcave discs (increase surface area)
-Generates ATP through anaerobic respiration (does not consume Oxygen)
-Content: 35% hemoglobin-red-pigmented protein that transports O2 and CO2
Hemoglobin structure - ✅✅Four polypeptides-globins
Each with hemegroup=porphyrin ring+ iron ion
O2 binds to the iron
CO2 and H+ bind to the globin
