ISB 202 COMPREHENSIVE FINAL EXAMINATION
The Biological and physical surroundings in which any given living organism exists. -
answers✔✔Environment
a field of research that is used to understand the natural world and our relationship to it -
answers✔✔Environmental science
a scientific approach that investigates the natural world through systematic observation and
experimentation - answers✔✔Empirical Science
research whose findings are used to help solve practical problems - answers✔✔Applied Science
a basic understanding of how ecosystems function and of the impact of our choices on the
environment - answers✔✔Environmental literacy
the imperfect and sometimes problematic responses that we must at times choose between
when addressing complex problems - answers✔✔Trade-Offs
the combination of the environmental, social, and economic impacts of our choices -
answers✔✔Triple bottom line
Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future
generations to meet their own needs. - answers✔✔Sustainable development
caused by or related to human action - answers✔✔Anthropogenic
,A proposed new geological epoch that is marked by modern human impact. -
answers✔✔Anthropocene
Capable of being continued indefinitely - answers✔✔Sustainable
energy that comes from an infinitely available or easily replenished source -
answers✔✔Renewable energy
A resource that is formed more slowly than it is used or that is present in a finite supply -
answers✔✔nonrenewable resources
decisions by individuals or groups that seem good at the time and produce a short-term benefit,
but that hurt society in the long run - answers✔✔Social Traps
the tendency of an individual to abuse commonly held resources in order to maximize his or her
own personal interest - answers✔✔Tragedy of the Commons
actions that produce a benefit today set into motion events that cause problems later on -
answers✔✔Time delay
actions that are beneficial at first but that change conditions such that their benefit declines
over time - answers✔✔Sliding reinforcer
the window through which one views one's world and existence - answers✔✔Worldview
the personal philosophy that influences how a person interacts with his or her natural
environment and thus affects how one responds to environmental problems -
answers✔✔environmental ethic
, a human-centered view that assigns intrinsic value only to humans -
answers✔✔anthropocentric worldview
a life-centered approach that views all life as having intrinsic value, regardless of its usefulness
to humans - answers✔✔biocentric worldview
a system-centered view that values intact ecosystems, not just the individual parts -
answers✔✔Ecocentric worldview
a body of knowledge (facts and explanations) about the natural world and the process used to
get that knowledge - answers✔✔science
information detected with the senses or with equipment that extends our senses -
answers✔✔observations
data collected through direct observation - answers✔✔Empirical evidence
The procedure scientists use to empirically test a hypothesis - answers✔✔scientific method
conclusions drawn from observations - answers✔✔inferences
A possible explanation for what we have observed that is based on some previous knowledge -
answers✔✔Hypothesis
A process whereby researchers' work is evaluated by outside experts to determine whether it is
of a high enough quality to publish - answers✔✔Peer review
The Biological and physical surroundings in which any given living organism exists. -
answers✔✔Environment
a field of research that is used to understand the natural world and our relationship to it -
answers✔✔Environmental science
a scientific approach that investigates the natural world through systematic observation and
experimentation - answers✔✔Empirical Science
research whose findings are used to help solve practical problems - answers✔✔Applied Science
a basic understanding of how ecosystems function and of the impact of our choices on the
environment - answers✔✔Environmental literacy
the imperfect and sometimes problematic responses that we must at times choose between
when addressing complex problems - answers✔✔Trade-Offs
the combination of the environmental, social, and economic impacts of our choices -
answers✔✔Triple bottom line
Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future
generations to meet their own needs. - answers✔✔Sustainable development
caused by or related to human action - answers✔✔Anthropogenic
,A proposed new geological epoch that is marked by modern human impact. -
answers✔✔Anthropocene
Capable of being continued indefinitely - answers✔✔Sustainable
energy that comes from an infinitely available or easily replenished source -
answers✔✔Renewable energy
A resource that is formed more slowly than it is used or that is present in a finite supply -
answers✔✔nonrenewable resources
decisions by individuals or groups that seem good at the time and produce a short-term benefit,
but that hurt society in the long run - answers✔✔Social Traps
the tendency of an individual to abuse commonly held resources in order to maximize his or her
own personal interest - answers✔✔Tragedy of the Commons
actions that produce a benefit today set into motion events that cause problems later on -
answers✔✔Time delay
actions that are beneficial at first but that change conditions such that their benefit declines
over time - answers✔✔Sliding reinforcer
the window through which one views one's world and existence - answers✔✔Worldview
the personal philosophy that influences how a person interacts with his or her natural
environment and thus affects how one responds to environmental problems -
answers✔✔environmental ethic
, a human-centered view that assigns intrinsic value only to humans -
answers✔✔anthropocentric worldview
a life-centered approach that views all life as having intrinsic value, regardless of its usefulness
to humans - answers✔✔biocentric worldview
a system-centered view that values intact ecosystems, not just the individual parts -
answers✔✔Ecocentric worldview
a body of knowledge (facts and explanations) about the natural world and the process used to
get that knowledge - answers✔✔science
information detected with the senses or with equipment that extends our senses -
answers✔✔observations
data collected through direct observation - answers✔✔Empirical evidence
The procedure scientists use to empirically test a hypothesis - answers✔✔scientific method
conclusions drawn from observations - answers✔✔inferences
A possible explanation for what we have observed that is based on some previous knowledge -
answers✔✔Hypothesis
A process whereby researchers' work is evaluated by outside experts to determine whether it is
of a high enough quality to publish - answers✔✔Peer review
