NUR 355 Final Exam Questions With Complete Solutions
1st, 2nd, and 3rd Degree Heart Block - Complications Correct
Answers -Cardiac arrest (cessation of all heart activity)
-arrhythmia (irregular heart beat)
-bradycardia
-sudden cardiac death
- No complications for 1st degree heart block
1st, 2nd, and 3rd Degree Heart Block - Manifestations Correct
Answers First degree: no symptoms or treatment; prolonged PR
interval
Second degree: mild symptoms (fatigue, chest pain, shortness of
breath, nausea), may treat with pacemaker; dropped QRS
complex
Third degree: sudden onset of dizziness, fatigue, shortness of
breath, low heart rate, cardiac arrest, may need defibrillation and
pacemaker
1st, 2nd, and 3rd Degree Heart Block - PATHO Correct
Answers Hear Block occurs when electrical conduction is
excessively delayed or stopped at the AV node or Bundle of His.
First degree: the conduction delay prolongs the PR interval, the
time between the atrial and ventricular contractions.
Second degree: the longer delay leads periodically to a missed
ventricular contraction. Cardiac output is periodically decreased.
(Type 1: every second to third atrial beat is dropped at the AV
,node) (Type 2: electrical signal sometimes gets to ventricle and
sometimes does not; can lead to total heart block)
Third degree (total block): there is no transmission of impulses
from the atria to the ventricles. The ventricles contract
spontaneously at a slow rate of 30-45 beats per minute, totally
independent of the atrial contraction, with continues normally.
Cardiac output is greatly reduced, causing fainting (syncope)
and cardiac arrest.
27 year old male presents to the ED with chest pain onset 2
hours ago. Pain began while pt was at rest, sitting on the couch.
Pt reports difficulty breathing and increase pain on inhalation.
Vital signs: BP 92/63, HR 112, RR 28. Pt has no prior cardiac or
respiratory history. Which diagnostic test and nursing diagnosis
would be most appropriate for this patient?
A. EKG, Acute Pain r/t Muscle Strain
B. Chest X-Ray, Ineffective airway clearance r/t Tension
Pneumothorax
C. CT Chest, Ineffective breathing pattern r/t Open
Pneumothorax
D. Basic Metabolic Panel, Risk for hypoxia r/t Respiratory
Acidosis Correct Answers Correct answer: B
Rationale: This patient experienced a spontaneous
pneumothorax that progressed into a tension pneumothorax in
the time it took for him to seek medical treatment. The patient's
VS suggest vascular impairment and potential shock. The
progression of respiratory distress should lead the RN to think
tension pneumo vs a stable or closed pneumo.
,A: Incorrect because the scenario does not suggest the patient
experienced any trauma to cause the muscle strain and an EKG
could not contribute to the diagnosis
C: Incorrect because the patient did not experience any trauma
to cause an open pneumothorax and the primary issue is the
patient's airway clearance, not breathing pattern
D: Incorrect because, it just is :) :)
A 60 year old male patient comes into the ER, complaining of
blurred vision. A urinalysis is performed with results of blood in
the urine, the medical team begins to suspect Nephrosclerosis.
What would the nurse expect to find in the patients medical
history?
A. Hypertension
B. Urolithiasis
C. Cystitis
D. Agenesis Correct Answers A. Hypertension: is the correct
answer since a patient with a chronic history of hypertension
would cause the vessels in the kidnes to harden and become
narrow of time. this would be a condition found in a patient
before they have prolonged kidney damage, and cause
nephrosclerosis.
B. is incorrect: because this is a condition with kidney stones,
that is not a cause of nephrosclerosis
C. Is incorrect because it is a bladder infection and doesn't cause
neprhrosclerosis
D.is incorrect because agenesis is a developmental failur of one
kidney to develop, and is normally found to be asymptomatic.
A compound fracture is an example of?
, a. secondary intention
b.first intention
c.third intention
d. bone fracture Correct Answers The correct answer is A
because a compound fracture would cause a large break in the
tissue leading to more inflammation, scar tissue, and a longer
healing period.
A mother brought in her adolescent son to the emergency room
due to persistent bleeding from a small cut on his arm. Bruises
are found on some area of the body, and so are petechiae. The
provider suspects blood-clotting disorder, so the mother inquired
what may have caused it. Which of the following is not a cause
of blood-clotting disorder?
a. Defective platelet function
b. Deficiency of Vitamin D
c. Inherited defect
d. Long term use of warfarin drugs. Correct Answers Vitamin
D deficiency can lead to a loss of bone density which causes
thinning or brittle bones, osteoporosis, or frequent fracture of the
bone. It does not cause blood-clotting disorder.
A nurse is caring for a patient who presents with an increased
pulse, slurred speech, tremors, and pale, moist skin. Which of
the following actions should the nurse preform?
a) Administer insulin
b) Provide a source of glucose
c) Call the provider
d) Wait for symptoms to go away Correct Answers The correct
answer is B - Provide a source of glucose-The patient is
presenting with signs of Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar),
1st, 2nd, and 3rd Degree Heart Block - Complications Correct
Answers -Cardiac arrest (cessation of all heart activity)
-arrhythmia (irregular heart beat)
-bradycardia
-sudden cardiac death
- No complications for 1st degree heart block
1st, 2nd, and 3rd Degree Heart Block - Manifestations Correct
Answers First degree: no symptoms or treatment; prolonged PR
interval
Second degree: mild symptoms (fatigue, chest pain, shortness of
breath, nausea), may treat with pacemaker; dropped QRS
complex
Third degree: sudden onset of dizziness, fatigue, shortness of
breath, low heart rate, cardiac arrest, may need defibrillation and
pacemaker
1st, 2nd, and 3rd Degree Heart Block - PATHO Correct
Answers Hear Block occurs when electrical conduction is
excessively delayed or stopped at the AV node or Bundle of His.
First degree: the conduction delay prolongs the PR interval, the
time between the atrial and ventricular contractions.
Second degree: the longer delay leads periodically to a missed
ventricular contraction. Cardiac output is periodically decreased.
(Type 1: every second to third atrial beat is dropped at the AV
,node) (Type 2: electrical signal sometimes gets to ventricle and
sometimes does not; can lead to total heart block)
Third degree (total block): there is no transmission of impulses
from the atria to the ventricles. The ventricles contract
spontaneously at a slow rate of 30-45 beats per minute, totally
independent of the atrial contraction, with continues normally.
Cardiac output is greatly reduced, causing fainting (syncope)
and cardiac arrest.
27 year old male presents to the ED with chest pain onset 2
hours ago. Pain began while pt was at rest, sitting on the couch.
Pt reports difficulty breathing and increase pain on inhalation.
Vital signs: BP 92/63, HR 112, RR 28. Pt has no prior cardiac or
respiratory history. Which diagnostic test and nursing diagnosis
would be most appropriate for this patient?
A. EKG, Acute Pain r/t Muscle Strain
B. Chest X-Ray, Ineffective airway clearance r/t Tension
Pneumothorax
C. CT Chest, Ineffective breathing pattern r/t Open
Pneumothorax
D. Basic Metabolic Panel, Risk for hypoxia r/t Respiratory
Acidosis Correct Answers Correct answer: B
Rationale: This patient experienced a spontaneous
pneumothorax that progressed into a tension pneumothorax in
the time it took for him to seek medical treatment. The patient's
VS suggest vascular impairment and potential shock. The
progression of respiratory distress should lead the RN to think
tension pneumo vs a stable or closed pneumo.
,A: Incorrect because the scenario does not suggest the patient
experienced any trauma to cause the muscle strain and an EKG
could not contribute to the diagnosis
C: Incorrect because the patient did not experience any trauma
to cause an open pneumothorax and the primary issue is the
patient's airway clearance, not breathing pattern
D: Incorrect because, it just is :) :)
A 60 year old male patient comes into the ER, complaining of
blurred vision. A urinalysis is performed with results of blood in
the urine, the medical team begins to suspect Nephrosclerosis.
What would the nurse expect to find in the patients medical
history?
A. Hypertension
B. Urolithiasis
C. Cystitis
D. Agenesis Correct Answers A. Hypertension: is the correct
answer since a patient with a chronic history of hypertension
would cause the vessels in the kidnes to harden and become
narrow of time. this would be a condition found in a patient
before they have prolonged kidney damage, and cause
nephrosclerosis.
B. is incorrect: because this is a condition with kidney stones,
that is not a cause of nephrosclerosis
C. Is incorrect because it is a bladder infection and doesn't cause
neprhrosclerosis
D.is incorrect because agenesis is a developmental failur of one
kidney to develop, and is normally found to be asymptomatic.
A compound fracture is an example of?
, a. secondary intention
b.first intention
c.third intention
d. bone fracture Correct Answers The correct answer is A
because a compound fracture would cause a large break in the
tissue leading to more inflammation, scar tissue, and a longer
healing period.
A mother brought in her adolescent son to the emergency room
due to persistent bleeding from a small cut on his arm. Bruises
are found on some area of the body, and so are petechiae. The
provider suspects blood-clotting disorder, so the mother inquired
what may have caused it. Which of the following is not a cause
of blood-clotting disorder?
a. Defective platelet function
b. Deficiency of Vitamin D
c. Inherited defect
d. Long term use of warfarin drugs. Correct Answers Vitamin
D deficiency can lead to a loss of bone density which causes
thinning or brittle bones, osteoporosis, or frequent fracture of the
bone. It does not cause blood-clotting disorder.
A nurse is caring for a patient who presents with an increased
pulse, slurred speech, tremors, and pale, moist skin. Which of
the following actions should the nurse preform?
a) Administer insulin
b) Provide a source of glucose
c) Call the provider
d) Wait for symptoms to go away Correct Answers The correct
answer is B - Provide a source of glucose-The patient is
presenting with signs of Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar),
