First Aid USMLE Step 1:
Pharmacology (Complete) Questions
and Answers | Latest Version |
2025/2026 | Correct & Verified
Which drug is a selective β1-blocker used in acute myocardial infarction to reduce heart rate?
✔✔ Metoprolol
Which cholinergic agonist is used to stimulate bladder contraction in urinary retention?
✔✔ Bethanechol
Which muscarinic antagonist is used to reduce airway secretions before surgery?
✔✔ Glycopyrrolate
Which α1-blocker is commonly used to treat both hypertension and benign prostatic hyperplasia?
✔✔ Prazosin
Which irreversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor is used in the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis?
✔✔ Edrophonium
1
,Which antidote is used for atropine overdose presenting with dry skin and mydriasis?
✔✔ Physostigmine
Which β2-agonist is used for acute asthma exacerbations?
✔✔ Albuterol
Which drug inhibits dihydropteroate synthase and blocks folate synthesis in bacteria?
✔✔ Sulfamethoxazole
Which antibiotic inhibits 50S ribosomal subunit and is associated with a metallic taste?
✔✔ Clarithromycin
Which drug is a macrolide antibiotic that can prolong the QT interval?
✔✔ Erythromycin
Which antibiotic class binds to 30S ribosomal subunit and can cause ototoxicity?
✔✔ Aminoglycosides
2
,Which fluoroquinolone inhibits DNA gyrase and is contraindicated in pregnancy?
✔✔ Ciprofloxacin
Which antifungal binds ergosterol and creates membrane pores in fungi?
✔✔ Amphotericin B
Which antifungal inhibits fungal cell wall synthesis by blocking β-glucan synthesis?
✔✔ Caspofungin
Which antiviral inhibits neuraminidase and is used to treat influenza A and B?
✔✔ Oseltamivir
Which HIV drug is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor and can cause vivid dreams?
✔✔ Efavirenz
Which antibiotic is used for MRSA and may cause red man syndrome if infused too fast?
✔✔ Vancomycin
3
, Which antibiotic inhibits bacterial transpeptidase and is resistant to β-lactamases?
✔✔ Ceftriaxone
Which antituberculosis drug inhibits mycolic acid synthesis and requires activation by catalase-
peroxidase?
✔✔ Isoniazid
Which antiretroviral drug causes dose-limiting bone marrow suppression?
✔✔ Zidovudine
Which antiarrhythmic class prolongs phase 3 repolarization and the QT interval?
✔✔ Class III (e.g., amiodarone)
Which diuretic works at the ascending loop of Henle and can cause ototoxicity?
✔✔ Furosemide
Which potassium-sparing diuretic antagonizes aldosterone in the collecting duct?
4
Pharmacology (Complete) Questions
and Answers | Latest Version |
2025/2026 | Correct & Verified
Which drug is a selective β1-blocker used in acute myocardial infarction to reduce heart rate?
✔✔ Metoprolol
Which cholinergic agonist is used to stimulate bladder contraction in urinary retention?
✔✔ Bethanechol
Which muscarinic antagonist is used to reduce airway secretions before surgery?
✔✔ Glycopyrrolate
Which α1-blocker is commonly used to treat both hypertension and benign prostatic hyperplasia?
✔✔ Prazosin
Which irreversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor is used in the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis?
✔✔ Edrophonium
1
,Which antidote is used for atropine overdose presenting with dry skin and mydriasis?
✔✔ Physostigmine
Which β2-agonist is used for acute asthma exacerbations?
✔✔ Albuterol
Which drug inhibits dihydropteroate synthase and blocks folate synthesis in bacteria?
✔✔ Sulfamethoxazole
Which antibiotic inhibits 50S ribosomal subunit and is associated with a metallic taste?
✔✔ Clarithromycin
Which drug is a macrolide antibiotic that can prolong the QT interval?
✔✔ Erythromycin
Which antibiotic class binds to 30S ribosomal subunit and can cause ototoxicity?
✔✔ Aminoglycosides
2
,Which fluoroquinolone inhibits DNA gyrase and is contraindicated in pregnancy?
✔✔ Ciprofloxacin
Which antifungal binds ergosterol and creates membrane pores in fungi?
✔✔ Amphotericin B
Which antifungal inhibits fungal cell wall synthesis by blocking β-glucan synthesis?
✔✔ Caspofungin
Which antiviral inhibits neuraminidase and is used to treat influenza A and B?
✔✔ Oseltamivir
Which HIV drug is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor and can cause vivid dreams?
✔✔ Efavirenz
Which antibiotic is used for MRSA and may cause red man syndrome if infused too fast?
✔✔ Vancomycin
3
, Which antibiotic inhibits bacterial transpeptidase and is resistant to β-lactamases?
✔✔ Ceftriaxone
Which antituberculosis drug inhibits mycolic acid synthesis and requires activation by catalase-
peroxidase?
✔✔ Isoniazid
Which antiretroviral drug causes dose-limiting bone marrow suppression?
✔✔ Zidovudine
Which antiarrhythmic class prolongs phase 3 repolarization and the QT interval?
✔✔ Class III (e.g., amiodarone)
Which diuretic works at the ascending loop of Henle and can cause ototoxicity?
✔✔ Furosemide
Which potassium-sparing diuretic antagonizes aldosterone in the collecting duct?
4
