Physiology - cartilage, ligaments and tendons

ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY – HUB1019F

Cartilage, ligaments & tendons



Muscle tissue Connective tissue




4 TYPES OF TISSUES
Nervous tissue Epithelial tissue

a


CONNECTIVE TISSUE:

A diverse tissue type that supports, binds & protects body structures



General characteristics:

o Abundant extracellular matrix (ECM)
o Composed of cells, fibres & ground substance
o Varied vascularity
o Eg: cartilage → avascular
o Bone → highly vascularized


Immune defence
Structural support



FUNCTIONS
Energy storage in
Protection & cushioning
adipose tissue

1
Transportation of blood

, Cellular components of connective tissue:


ADIPOCYTES FIBROBLASTS

• Fat storage & • ECM synthesis
insulation
on a
RESIDENT CELLS

CHONDROCYTES

OSTEOCYTES • Cartilage producing
cells
• Mature bone cells
onto




NEUTROPHILS

• Perform
phagocytosis
EOSINOPHILS

• Attack parasites o

4
MACROPHAGES

• Phagocytosis
on TRANSIENT CELLS
• Immune defence
(immune cells)



PLASMA CELLS MAST CELLS or
• Produce • Secrete histamine
antibodies – inflammation



FIBROBLASTS
Resident cell – permanently present in tissue
Synthesise ECM – collagen, elastin,
Function
ground substance
Spindle shaped
Characteristics
Abundant