,TMN3702 Assignment 3 (COMPLETE ANSWERS) 2025 -
DUE 31 july 2025; 100% correct solutions and
explanations.
QUESTION 1: TEACHNG READING AND VIEWING 1.1
Explain the difference between bottom-up and top-down
approaches to reading. (3)
1.1 Difference between Bottom-Up and Top-Down
Approaches to Reading:
The bottom-up approach to reading begins with the smallest
units of language—letters and sounds. Learners decode words
by recognizing letters, blending sounds, and building up to
understanding sentences and meaning. It emphasizes phonics
and word recognition.
The top-down approach, on the other hand, starts with the
reader’s prior knowledge, background experience, and
understanding of language and context. Learners predict and
make meaning from the overall text using clues like titles,
pictures, and context before decoding individual words.
In summary:
Bottom-up = decoding letters and words → meaning
Top-down = using context and prior knowledge →
meaning
, 1.2 Provide one example of each approach that could be
used in a Grade 4 English Home Language classroom. (2)
Bottom-Up Example:
Learners are given a word list from the short story (e.g.,
elephant, jungle, frightened) and asked to sound out and
decode each word using phonics before reading the story.
Top-Down Example:
Learners are shown the title and pictures from the short
story (e.g., "The Brave Little Elephant") and asked to
predict what the story will be about based on their prior
knowledge and experiences.
These examples help develop both decoding and comprehension
skills appropriate to learners' multilingual contexts.
1.3 You are a Grade 4 English Home Language teacher in a
South African multilingual classroom. You are preparing to
teach a reading lesson using a short story. Design a
teaching activity that demonstrates how you would
implement pre-reading, while-reading, and post-reading
teaching strategies to support your learners’ reading
comprehension. Provide evidence of the short story to be
DUE 31 july 2025; 100% correct solutions and
explanations.
QUESTION 1: TEACHNG READING AND VIEWING 1.1
Explain the difference between bottom-up and top-down
approaches to reading. (3)
1.1 Difference between Bottom-Up and Top-Down
Approaches to Reading:
The bottom-up approach to reading begins with the smallest
units of language—letters and sounds. Learners decode words
by recognizing letters, blending sounds, and building up to
understanding sentences and meaning. It emphasizes phonics
and word recognition.
The top-down approach, on the other hand, starts with the
reader’s prior knowledge, background experience, and
understanding of language and context. Learners predict and
make meaning from the overall text using clues like titles,
pictures, and context before decoding individual words.
In summary:
Bottom-up = decoding letters and words → meaning
Top-down = using context and prior knowledge →
meaning
, 1.2 Provide one example of each approach that could be
used in a Grade 4 English Home Language classroom. (2)
Bottom-Up Example:
Learners are given a word list from the short story (e.g.,
elephant, jungle, frightened) and asked to sound out and
decode each word using phonics before reading the story.
Top-Down Example:
Learners are shown the title and pictures from the short
story (e.g., "The Brave Little Elephant") and asked to
predict what the story will be about based on their prior
knowledge and experiences.
These examples help develop both decoding and comprehension
skills appropriate to learners' multilingual contexts.
1.3 You are a Grade 4 English Home Language teacher in a
South African multilingual classroom. You are preparing to
teach a reading lesson using a short story. Design a
teaching activity that demonstrates how you would
implement pre-reading, while-reading, and post-reading
teaching strategies to support your learners’ reading
comprehension. Provide evidence of the short story to be
