Final Exam (BCH 330) questions with verified answers
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
1.The purpose of |\ |\ |\ is to study equilibria which are characterized
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
using |\ : Thermodynamics, equilibrium
|\ |\ |\
constants
2. is concerned with the rates of processes. The
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
|\ equation is used to characterize the rates of enzyme-catalyzed reactions in
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
biochemical systems.: Kinetics, Michaelis-Menten |\ |\ |\
3. studies what drives reactions and processes |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
at the molecular level.: Statistical mechanics
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
4.The |\ ( ) is a
|\ |\
|\ measurement of the affinity of a proton for the conjugate base molecule.: -
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
acid-base dissociation equilibrium constant (pKa)
|\ |\ |\ |\
5.The term Q is called the
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ , or |\ |\
: mass action coefficient, partition coefficient
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
6. ”G0' is the |\ |\ |\ , and ”G is the actual
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
free energy. It is a perturbation to the poise/balance of the participants in an
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
1 |\/ |\54
,|\ equilibrium.: standard state free energy |\ |\ |\ |\
7.One must take |\ |\ |\ into account in order to use ”G
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
informa- tion to understand the energetic progression of, for example, the
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
glycolysis pathway.: mass action |\ |\ |\
8.In the |\ |\ , enthalpic and entropic energies contribute to the
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
net free energy of stabilization of globular proteins.: hydrophobic effect
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
9.Formation of the maximal density of hydrogen bonds among waters in |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
the external solvent network leads to a large advantage in terms of gained
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
energy, which offsets the contribution to Gibbs free energy of
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
, which typically opposes folding.: enthalpic, entropy
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
10.The |\ (D) is a shielding or dampening factor for VDW
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
forces. Less repulsion and attraction occurs in H2O due to more effective
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
dielectric shielding.: dielectric constant |\ |\ |\
11. can be smaller than the volume due to
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
: Partial specific volume, electrostriction
|\ |\ |\ |\
12.The H2O in the |\ |\ |\ |\ surrounding the protein has a larger |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
concentration than the bulk solution, so Vbar is smaller.: Donnan sphere |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
13.In an |\ |\ , the activity is proportional to the mole fraction
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
of solute.: Ideal solution
|\ |\ |\
2 |\/ |\54
,14. |\ |\ depend on the concentration of the solute. Examples
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
are freezing point depression and boiling point elevation.: Colligative
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
properties
15.The |\ ()¼defines the concentration dependence of ”G.:
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |
Chemical potential|\
3 |\/ |\54
, 16.In the |\ |\ , water tries to dilute the counterions that are
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
bound to the macromolecule. This makes the concentration of H2O higher
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
near the molecule than in the bulk solution.: Donnan effect
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
17. |\ |\ definitions and their equations are used to describe a |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
|\ derivative when one or more variables are held constant.: Partial
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
differential
18. is a |\ |\ in an adiabatic container whose properties no
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
longer change, or there is no change in
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ : Equilibrium, system,
|\ |\ |\
state
19.Adding |\ changes the state and is conveyed by conduction, con-
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
vection and radiation: Heat |\ |\ |\
20.The |\ is the amount of energy required to add a mole of
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
molecules to the solution.: Chemical potential |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
21.The |\ (U) splits work into chemical and mechanical
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
forms of work.: Internal energy|\ |\ |\ |\
22. (S) increases with time and reaches a maximum at equilibrium.-
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
: Entropy |\
23.All systems tend toward more disorder, which is the state containing more
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
4 |\/ |\54
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
1.The purpose of |\ |\ |\ is to study equilibria which are characterized
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
using |\ : Thermodynamics, equilibrium
|\ |\ |\
constants
2. is concerned with the rates of processes. The
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
|\ equation is used to characterize the rates of enzyme-catalyzed reactions in
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
biochemical systems.: Kinetics, Michaelis-Menten |\ |\ |\
3. studies what drives reactions and processes |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
at the molecular level.: Statistical mechanics
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
4.The |\ ( ) is a
|\ |\
|\ measurement of the affinity of a proton for the conjugate base molecule.: -
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
acid-base dissociation equilibrium constant (pKa)
|\ |\ |\ |\
5.The term Q is called the
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ , or |\ |\
: mass action coefficient, partition coefficient
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
6. ”G0' is the |\ |\ |\ , and ”G is the actual
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
free energy. It is a perturbation to the poise/balance of the participants in an
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
1 |\/ |\54
,|\ equilibrium.: standard state free energy |\ |\ |\ |\
7.One must take |\ |\ |\ into account in order to use ”G
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
informa- tion to understand the energetic progression of, for example, the
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
glycolysis pathway.: mass action |\ |\ |\
8.In the |\ |\ , enthalpic and entropic energies contribute to the
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
net free energy of stabilization of globular proteins.: hydrophobic effect
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
9.Formation of the maximal density of hydrogen bonds among waters in |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
the external solvent network leads to a large advantage in terms of gained
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
energy, which offsets the contribution to Gibbs free energy of
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
, which typically opposes folding.: enthalpic, entropy
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
10.The |\ (D) is a shielding or dampening factor for VDW
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
forces. Less repulsion and attraction occurs in H2O due to more effective
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
dielectric shielding.: dielectric constant |\ |\ |\
11. can be smaller than the volume due to
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
: Partial specific volume, electrostriction
|\ |\ |\ |\
12.The H2O in the |\ |\ |\ |\ surrounding the protein has a larger |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
concentration than the bulk solution, so Vbar is smaller.: Donnan sphere |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
13.In an |\ |\ , the activity is proportional to the mole fraction
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
of solute.: Ideal solution
|\ |\ |\
2 |\/ |\54
,14. |\ |\ depend on the concentration of the solute. Examples
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
are freezing point depression and boiling point elevation.: Colligative
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
properties
15.The |\ ()¼defines the concentration dependence of ”G.:
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |
Chemical potential|\
3 |\/ |\54
, 16.In the |\ |\ , water tries to dilute the counterions that are
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
bound to the macromolecule. This makes the concentration of H2O higher
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
near the molecule than in the bulk solution.: Donnan effect
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
17. |\ |\ definitions and their equations are used to describe a |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
|\ derivative when one or more variables are held constant.: Partial
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
differential
18. is a |\ |\ in an adiabatic container whose properties no
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
longer change, or there is no change in
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ : Equilibrium, system,
|\ |\ |\
state
19.Adding |\ changes the state and is conveyed by conduction, con-
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
vection and radiation: Heat |\ |\ |\
20.The |\ is the amount of energy required to add a mole of
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
molecules to the solution.: Chemical potential |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
21.The |\ (U) splits work into chemical and mechanical
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
forms of work.: Internal energy|\ |\ |\ |\
22. (S) increases with time and reaches a maximum at equilibrium.-
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
: Entropy |\
23.All systems tend toward more disorder, which is the state containing more
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
4 |\/ |\54
