WCU PATHOPHYSIOLOGY MIDTERM
EXAM 2025 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
A patient is diagnosed with heart failure with normal ejection fraction. This patient is most
likely characterized by a(n) - ANS elderly woman without a previous history of MI.
In which dysrhythmias should treatment be instituted immediately? - ANS Atrial fibrillation
with a ventricular rate of 220 beats/minute
Aortic regurgitation is associated with - ANS diastolic murmur.
Mitral stenosis is associated with - ANS a pressure gradient across the mitral valve.
First-degree heart block is characterized by - ANS prolonged PR interval.
Which blood pressure reading is considered to be indicative of prehypertension according to
the JNC-7 criteria? - ANS 128/82
Increased preload of the cardiac chambers may lead to which patient symptom? -
ANS Edema
Beta-blockers are advocated in the management of heart failure because they - ANS reduce
cardiac output.
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, Hypotension associated with neurogenic and anaphylactic shock is because of -
ANS peripheral pooling of blood.
While hospitalized, an elderly patient with a history of myocardial infarction was noted to have
high levels of low-density lipoproteins (LDLs). What is the significance of this finding? -
ANS Increased LDL levels are associated with increased risk of coronary artery disease.
Hypertension is closely linked to - ANS obstructive sleep apnea.
In which stage of shock is a patient who has lost 1200 mL of blood, who has normal blood
pressure when supine, but who experiences orthostatic hypotension upon standing? -
ANS Class II, Compensated Stage
Administration of which therapy is most appropriate for hypovolemic shock? -
ANS Crystalloids
Which finding is indicative of orthostatic hypotension in a person with a supine blood pressure
(BP) of 110/70 and a heart rate (HR) of 100? - ANS Sitting BP 88/60, HR 118
A patient is diagnosed with cardiogenic shock. The patient is hyperventilating and is therefore
at risk for the respiratory complication of respiratory acidosis. - ANS False
A patient diagnosed with cardiogenic shock who is hyperventilating is at risk for respiratory
alkalosis.
Rheumatic heart disease is most often a consequence of - ANS β-hemolytic streptococcal
infection.
Left-sided heart failure is characterized by - ANS pulmonary congestion.
Atherosclerotic plaques with large lipid cores are prone to - ANS rupture.
COPYRIGHT © 2025 THESTAR ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
EXAM 2025 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
A patient is diagnosed with heart failure with normal ejection fraction. This patient is most
likely characterized by a(n) - ANS elderly woman without a previous history of MI.
In which dysrhythmias should treatment be instituted immediately? - ANS Atrial fibrillation
with a ventricular rate of 220 beats/minute
Aortic regurgitation is associated with - ANS diastolic murmur.
Mitral stenosis is associated with - ANS a pressure gradient across the mitral valve.
First-degree heart block is characterized by - ANS prolonged PR interval.
Which blood pressure reading is considered to be indicative of prehypertension according to
the JNC-7 criteria? - ANS 128/82
Increased preload of the cardiac chambers may lead to which patient symptom? -
ANS Edema
Beta-blockers are advocated in the management of heart failure because they - ANS reduce
cardiac output.
COPYRIGHT © 2025 THESTAR ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
, Hypotension associated with neurogenic and anaphylactic shock is because of -
ANS peripheral pooling of blood.
While hospitalized, an elderly patient with a history of myocardial infarction was noted to have
high levels of low-density lipoproteins (LDLs). What is the significance of this finding? -
ANS Increased LDL levels are associated with increased risk of coronary artery disease.
Hypertension is closely linked to - ANS obstructive sleep apnea.
In which stage of shock is a patient who has lost 1200 mL of blood, who has normal blood
pressure when supine, but who experiences orthostatic hypotension upon standing? -
ANS Class II, Compensated Stage
Administration of which therapy is most appropriate for hypovolemic shock? -
ANS Crystalloids
Which finding is indicative of orthostatic hypotension in a person with a supine blood pressure
(BP) of 110/70 and a heart rate (HR) of 100? - ANS Sitting BP 88/60, HR 118
A patient is diagnosed with cardiogenic shock. The patient is hyperventilating and is therefore
at risk for the respiratory complication of respiratory acidosis. - ANS False
A patient diagnosed with cardiogenic shock who is hyperventilating is at risk for respiratory
alkalosis.
Rheumatic heart disease is most often a consequence of - ANS β-hemolytic streptococcal
infection.
Left-sided heart failure is characterized by - ANS pulmonary congestion.
Atherosclerotic plaques with large lipid cores are prone to - ANS rupture.
COPYRIGHT © 2025 THESTAR ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
