Exam 1 study guide
NUR230 Exam 1 Study Guide Latest Update with
Complete Solutions.
Unit 1: Antepartum (Ch: 7,8,9)
Postpartum (6 weeks, also to 12 weeks)
6wks of gestation Hegar sign occurs (softening of the lower uterine segment
[uterine isthmus])
(Hegar
sign) Goodell’s sign (softening of the cervix )
Braxton Hicks (intermittent uterine contractions that are irregular and painless. Can
be mistaken for true labor )
, Exam 1 study guide
Ballottement (passive movement of the fetus, identified by examiner between 16th
and 18th weeks)
(Ballottement)
Quickening (Flutter and “feeling of life”) 1st recognition of fetal movements.
Detected in multiparous women by 14-16 wk gestation)
Chadwick sign (Violet-blue color of vaginal mucosa )
S&S of pregnancy
Presumptive: Subjective, what patient says they experience. LEAST reliable, not
definitive signs of pregnancy. Could be caused by something else
QUICKENING ( “ I think I am feeling the baby kick”)
N/V ( “ I have to throw up every morning”)
Constipation
Amenorrhea ( “ I missed my period”)
Breast changes ( “ My breast are bigger/sore/tingling”)
Fatigue ( “ I’m so tired all the time”)
Urinary frequency ( “ I have urinary frequency” could be a UTI)
Probable: Objective signs. (PRACTITIONER CAN SEE)
Positive pregnancy test
Ballottement Enlarging Uterus
Braxton Hicks (false contractions)
Goodell’s sign
Chadwick’s sign
Hegar sign
Striae Gravidarum
Positive: Can see, hear, and feel.
, Exam 1 study guide
Ultrasound or radiograph
Doppler
Monitor
Ultrasound fetal heartbeat
Leopald’s maneuver
Feel the fetus
Practitioner feels kicking
Effects on the body system ( Normal or EXPECTED findings)
Breasts:
● Size increase
● Tingling
● Fullness
● Heaviness
● Darkening of the areola
● Lactation occurs in the early weeks of gestation (18 weeks)
● Striae gravidarum ( stretch marks, appears on on outer sides of the breasts)
Cardio:
● Increased cardiac output ( increases 30-50%, peaks by 25-30wks and declines to 20% at
40wks of gestation)
● Pulse increases
● 10-20 beats
● Light palpation is okay
● Increased blood volume (peaks at 32wks at 1200-1600 mL)
GI:
● Constipation
● N/V
● Hemorrhoids
, Exam 1 study guide
● Delayed GI motility
● Delayed gallbladder emptying
● Hiatal hernia
● Heartburn
● Increased saliva
● Increased vascularity of the gum
● Appetite change
○ PICA (eating/craving stuff that isn’t food…i.e baby powder, sand,, ice,
clay, cornstarch, dirt) related to IRON DEFICIENCY!!
GU:
● Increased urination ( NORMAL)
● Proteinuria ( ABNORMAL)
● Increased size, capacity, and GFR
● Increased UTI risks
● Urinary stasis
● Urinary frequency increases
● Decreased bladder tone, BUN, creatinine (because of increased filtration rate), uric acid,
and glucose clearance
● Specific gravity ( STABLE)
Integumentary:
● Melasma mask (hyperpigmentation) also known as Chloasma ( also a common change
that can occur during pregnancy)
● Striae gravidarum (stretch marks)
● Vascular malformation (spider veins)
● Linea nigra ( dark vertical line along abdomen. COMMON)
Musculoskeletal: relaxin ( hormone produced by the body, purpose is to relax
ligaments in pelvic area so pelvis can open up better to allow birth of the baby)
● Center of gravity shifts
● Unsteady gait
● Lordosis
● Relaxation of joints ( AT RISK FOR FALLS)
Respiratory: (table 7.3 in textbook)
● Increased O2 consumption
● Increased vascularity
● Nasal & sinus congestion
● Epistaxis ( can impair respiratory effort)
NUR230 Exam 1 Study Guide Latest Update with
Complete Solutions.
Unit 1: Antepartum (Ch: 7,8,9)
Postpartum (6 weeks, also to 12 weeks)
6wks of gestation Hegar sign occurs (softening of the lower uterine segment
[uterine isthmus])
(Hegar
sign) Goodell’s sign (softening of the cervix )
Braxton Hicks (intermittent uterine contractions that are irregular and painless. Can
be mistaken for true labor )
, Exam 1 study guide
Ballottement (passive movement of the fetus, identified by examiner between 16th
and 18th weeks)
(Ballottement)
Quickening (Flutter and “feeling of life”) 1st recognition of fetal movements.
Detected in multiparous women by 14-16 wk gestation)
Chadwick sign (Violet-blue color of vaginal mucosa )
S&S of pregnancy
Presumptive: Subjective, what patient says they experience. LEAST reliable, not
definitive signs of pregnancy. Could be caused by something else
QUICKENING ( “ I think I am feeling the baby kick”)
N/V ( “ I have to throw up every morning”)
Constipation
Amenorrhea ( “ I missed my period”)
Breast changes ( “ My breast are bigger/sore/tingling”)
Fatigue ( “ I’m so tired all the time”)
Urinary frequency ( “ I have urinary frequency” could be a UTI)
Probable: Objective signs. (PRACTITIONER CAN SEE)
Positive pregnancy test
Ballottement Enlarging Uterus
Braxton Hicks (false contractions)
Goodell’s sign
Chadwick’s sign
Hegar sign
Striae Gravidarum
Positive: Can see, hear, and feel.
, Exam 1 study guide
Ultrasound or radiograph
Doppler
Monitor
Ultrasound fetal heartbeat
Leopald’s maneuver
Feel the fetus
Practitioner feels kicking
Effects on the body system ( Normal or EXPECTED findings)
Breasts:
● Size increase
● Tingling
● Fullness
● Heaviness
● Darkening of the areola
● Lactation occurs in the early weeks of gestation (18 weeks)
● Striae gravidarum ( stretch marks, appears on on outer sides of the breasts)
Cardio:
● Increased cardiac output ( increases 30-50%, peaks by 25-30wks and declines to 20% at
40wks of gestation)
● Pulse increases
● 10-20 beats
● Light palpation is okay
● Increased blood volume (peaks at 32wks at 1200-1600 mL)
GI:
● Constipation
● N/V
● Hemorrhoids
, Exam 1 study guide
● Delayed GI motility
● Delayed gallbladder emptying
● Hiatal hernia
● Heartburn
● Increased saliva
● Increased vascularity of the gum
● Appetite change
○ PICA (eating/craving stuff that isn’t food…i.e baby powder, sand,, ice,
clay, cornstarch, dirt) related to IRON DEFICIENCY!!
GU:
● Increased urination ( NORMAL)
● Proteinuria ( ABNORMAL)
● Increased size, capacity, and GFR
● Increased UTI risks
● Urinary stasis
● Urinary frequency increases
● Decreased bladder tone, BUN, creatinine (because of increased filtration rate), uric acid,
and glucose clearance
● Specific gravity ( STABLE)
Integumentary:
● Melasma mask (hyperpigmentation) also known as Chloasma ( also a common change
that can occur during pregnancy)
● Striae gravidarum (stretch marks)
● Vascular malformation (spider veins)
● Linea nigra ( dark vertical line along abdomen. COMMON)
Musculoskeletal: relaxin ( hormone produced by the body, purpose is to relax
ligaments in pelvic area so pelvis can open up better to allow birth of the baby)
● Center of gravity shifts
● Unsteady gait
● Lordosis
● Relaxation of joints ( AT RISK FOR FALLS)
Respiratory: (table 7.3 in textbook)
● Increased O2 consumption
● Increased vascularity
● Nasal & sinus congestion
● Epistaxis ( can impair respiratory effort)
