NR565 ADVANCED PHARMACOLOGY FUNDAMENTALS
midterm and Final term exam study guide 2025 300
questions
The process by which drugs are absorbed, distributed within the body,
Metabolized, and excreted. - CORRECT ANSWER
>>>Pharmacokinetics
The study of what the drug does to the body - CORRECT
ANSWER >>>Pharmacodynamics
Rate of dissolution
Surface area
Blood flow
Lipid solubility
Ph partitioning - CORRECT ANSWER >>>Factors Affecting Drug
Absorption
Blood flow to tissues
Ability to exit the vascular system
Blood-brain barrier
Protein-binding capacity - CORRECT ANSWER >>>Factors
Affecting Drug Distribution
Substances that are foreign to the body, usually synthetic chemical compounds; medications
are a common example - CORRECT ANSWER
>>>Xenobiotics
Xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes necessary for the production of
Cholesterol and steroids and the detoxification of chemicals and drug
Metabolism. - CORRECT ANSWER >>>Cytochrome
P450 (CYP450)
Responsible for phase 1 metabolism in which drugs are oxidized, reduced, or hydrolyzed -
CORRECT ANSWER
>>>Function of Cytochrome P450 (CYP450)
,Oxidation; Reduction; Hydrolysis - CORRECT ANSWER >>>Phase 1 Metabolism of Drugs via P450
-Drug becomes completely inactive
-Drug becomes partially inactive but one or more metabolites remain active
-Original drug is not pharmacologically active but one metabolite remains active - CORRECT
ANSWER >>>Three possible outcomes of phase 1 drug metabolism.
Medications that can increase the rate of another drug's metabolism by elevating CYP450
enzyme activity via increasing enzyme synthesis. Decreasing the concentration of the "parent
Drug" - CORRECT ANSWER >>>CYP450 Inducers
CRAPGPS
Carbamazepine
Rifampin
Alcohol
Phenytoin
Griseofulvin
Phenobarbital
Sulfonylureas - CORRECT ANSWER >>>CYP450 Inducer
Medications
Medications that inhibit the metabolic activity of one or more of the CYP450 enzymes. Higher
risk for toxicity; prolongs the pharmacological effect of the "parent drug". - CORRECT
ANSWER >>>CYP450 Inhibitors
VISACKGQ
Valproate
Isoniazid
Sulfonamides
Amiodarone
Chloramphenicol
Ketoconazole
Grapefruit Juice
Quinidine - CORRECT ANSWER >>>CYP450 Inhibitor
,Medications
-potentially Inappropriate Medication (PIM) use in older adults -potentially Inappropriate
Medication (PIM) use in older adults due to medicationdisease or medication-syndrome
interactions that may exacerbate the disease or syndrome
-medications to be used cautiously in older adults
-clinically significant drug interactions that should be avoided in older adults
-medications to be avoided or dosage decreased in the presence of impaired kidney function in
older adults - CORRECT
ANSWER >>>Beers Criteria
When one medication systemically alters the potency of another medication. - CORRECT
ANSWER >>>Pharmacokinetic
Interactions
Result of a change due to one medication's effect on another medication's
Route of entry into the body. - CORRECT ANSWER
>>>Absorption Interaction
Caused by the amount of unbound/free medications available at the various
Target sites. - CORRECT ANSWER >>>Distribution
Interaction
Concentration of the medication after biotransformation into active and
Inactive metabolites in higher or lower than expected. - CORRECT
ANSWER >>>Metabolism Interaction
The body's ability to eliminate medications in pure form or by altering a
Metabolite from the body. - CORRECT ANSWER
>>>Elimination Interaction
Does not alter or impact absorption, distribution, metabolism, or elimination
Because of the one medication's ability to
Manipulate the effect of another medication at its site of action
- CORRECT ANSWER >>>Pharmacodynamic Interactions
Refers to the nurse practitioner's ability to practice without physician oversight - CORRECT
ANSWER >>>Practice Authority
Refers to the nurse practitioner's authority to prescribe medications. - CORRECT ANSWER
>>>prescriptive authority
, Nurse practitioners have the autonomy to evaluate patients, diagnose, order and interpret
tests, initiate and manage treatments and prescribe medications, including controlled
substances without physician oversight. -
CORRECT ANSWER
>>>Full-practice scope
Nurse practitioners are limited in at least one element of practice. The state requires a formal
collaborative agreement with an outside health discipline for the nurse practitioner to provide
patient care. - CORRECT ANSWER
>>>Reduced-practice scope
Nurse practitioners are limited in at least one element of practice by requiring supervision,
delegation, or team management by an outside health discipline for the nurse practitioner to
provide patient care. -
CORRECT ANSWER
>>>Restricted practice scope
DEA Scheduled Drugs - CORRECT ANSWER >>>Drugs that cannot be ordered via E-Script
Schedule II drugs - CORRECT ANSWER >>>Drugs that cannot be prescribed or refilled via phone
An occurrence of fewer than three months and is often precipitated by trauma and acute
medical conditions or treatment. - CORRECT ANSWER
>>>Acute Pain
Referred Pain
Acute Somatic Pain
Acute visceral pain - CORRECT ANSWER >>>Types of Acute Pain
Episode of pain that lasts for 6 months or longer; may be intermittent or continuous - CORRECT
ANSWER >>>Chronic pain
Pain that is felt in a location other than where the pain originates -
CORRECT ANSWER >>>Referred Pain -Arises from connective tissue, muscle, bone and skin.
-Sharp and localized or dull and non-localized
-Responds best to: acetaminophen, corticosteroids, nsaids, opiates, local
Anesthetics, ice, massage - CORRECT ANSWER
midterm and Final term exam study guide 2025 300
questions
The process by which drugs are absorbed, distributed within the body,
Metabolized, and excreted. - CORRECT ANSWER
>>>Pharmacokinetics
The study of what the drug does to the body - CORRECT
ANSWER >>>Pharmacodynamics
Rate of dissolution
Surface area
Blood flow
Lipid solubility
Ph partitioning - CORRECT ANSWER >>>Factors Affecting Drug
Absorption
Blood flow to tissues
Ability to exit the vascular system
Blood-brain barrier
Protein-binding capacity - CORRECT ANSWER >>>Factors
Affecting Drug Distribution
Substances that are foreign to the body, usually synthetic chemical compounds; medications
are a common example - CORRECT ANSWER
>>>Xenobiotics
Xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes necessary for the production of
Cholesterol and steroids and the detoxification of chemicals and drug
Metabolism. - CORRECT ANSWER >>>Cytochrome
P450 (CYP450)
Responsible for phase 1 metabolism in which drugs are oxidized, reduced, or hydrolyzed -
CORRECT ANSWER
>>>Function of Cytochrome P450 (CYP450)
,Oxidation; Reduction; Hydrolysis - CORRECT ANSWER >>>Phase 1 Metabolism of Drugs via P450
-Drug becomes completely inactive
-Drug becomes partially inactive but one or more metabolites remain active
-Original drug is not pharmacologically active but one metabolite remains active - CORRECT
ANSWER >>>Three possible outcomes of phase 1 drug metabolism.
Medications that can increase the rate of another drug's metabolism by elevating CYP450
enzyme activity via increasing enzyme synthesis. Decreasing the concentration of the "parent
Drug" - CORRECT ANSWER >>>CYP450 Inducers
CRAPGPS
Carbamazepine
Rifampin
Alcohol
Phenytoin
Griseofulvin
Phenobarbital
Sulfonylureas - CORRECT ANSWER >>>CYP450 Inducer
Medications
Medications that inhibit the metabolic activity of one or more of the CYP450 enzymes. Higher
risk for toxicity; prolongs the pharmacological effect of the "parent drug". - CORRECT
ANSWER >>>CYP450 Inhibitors
VISACKGQ
Valproate
Isoniazid
Sulfonamides
Amiodarone
Chloramphenicol
Ketoconazole
Grapefruit Juice
Quinidine - CORRECT ANSWER >>>CYP450 Inhibitor
,Medications
-potentially Inappropriate Medication (PIM) use in older adults -potentially Inappropriate
Medication (PIM) use in older adults due to medicationdisease or medication-syndrome
interactions that may exacerbate the disease or syndrome
-medications to be used cautiously in older adults
-clinically significant drug interactions that should be avoided in older adults
-medications to be avoided or dosage decreased in the presence of impaired kidney function in
older adults - CORRECT
ANSWER >>>Beers Criteria
When one medication systemically alters the potency of another medication. - CORRECT
ANSWER >>>Pharmacokinetic
Interactions
Result of a change due to one medication's effect on another medication's
Route of entry into the body. - CORRECT ANSWER
>>>Absorption Interaction
Caused by the amount of unbound/free medications available at the various
Target sites. - CORRECT ANSWER >>>Distribution
Interaction
Concentration of the medication after biotransformation into active and
Inactive metabolites in higher or lower than expected. - CORRECT
ANSWER >>>Metabolism Interaction
The body's ability to eliminate medications in pure form or by altering a
Metabolite from the body. - CORRECT ANSWER
>>>Elimination Interaction
Does not alter or impact absorption, distribution, metabolism, or elimination
Because of the one medication's ability to
Manipulate the effect of another medication at its site of action
- CORRECT ANSWER >>>Pharmacodynamic Interactions
Refers to the nurse practitioner's ability to practice without physician oversight - CORRECT
ANSWER >>>Practice Authority
Refers to the nurse practitioner's authority to prescribe medications. - CORRECT ANSWER
>>>prescriptive authority
, Nurse practitioners have the autonomy to evaluate patients, diagnose, order and interpret
tests, initiate and manage treatments and prescribe medications, including controlled
substances without physician oversight. -
CORRECT ANSWER
>>>Full-practice scope
Nurse practitioners are limited in at least one element of practice. The state requires a formal
collaborative agreement with an outside health discipline for the nurse practitioner to provide
patient care. - CORRECT ANSWER
>>>Reduced-practice scope
Nurse practitioners are limited in at least one element of practice by requiring supervision,
delegation, or team management by an outside health discipline for the nurse practitioner to
provide patient care. -
CORRECT ANSWER
>>>Restricted practice scope
DEA Scheduled Drugs - CORRECT ANSWER >>>Drugs that cannot be ordered via E-Script
Schedule II drugs - CORRECT ANSWER >>>Drugs that cannot be prescribed or refilled via phone
An occurrence of fewer than three months and is often precipitated by trauma and acute
medical conditions or treatment. - CORRECT ANSWER
>>>Acute Pain
Referred Pain
Acute Somatic Pain
Acute visceral pain - CORRECT ANSWER >>>Types of Acute Pain
Episode of pain that lasts for 6 months or longer; may be intermittent or continuous - CORRECT
ANSWER >>>Chronic pain
Pain that is felt in a location other than where the pain originates -
CORRECT ANSWER >>>Referred Pain -Arises from connective tissue, muscle, bone and skin.
-Sharp and localized or dull and non-localized
-Responds best to: acetaminophen, corticosteroids, nsaids, opiates, local
Anesthetics, ice, massage - CORRECT ANSWER
