Chapter 7 Caring in Nursing Practice Fundamentals of Nursing 11th Edition (Potter & Perry) 50 NCLEX-Style Exam Questions with Detailed Rationales

1. A nurse consistently listens to her patients’ concerns and advocates for their needs. Which theory of caring best aligns with this approach? A. Swanson’s Theory of Caring B. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs C. Leininger’s Transcultural Nursing Theory D. Watson’s Theory of Human Caring Correct Answer: D Rationale: Watson emphasizes the transpersonal caring relationship, focusing on the nurse’s presence, advocacy, and holistic approach to patient care. ________________________________________ 2. Which behavior by a nurse best demonstrates the concept of "being with" as described in Swanson’s Theory of Caring? A. Providing pain medication on time B. Sitting quietly with a patient who is grieving C. Teaching a patient about diabetes management D. Documenting care activities promptly Correct Answer: B Rationale: “Being with” involves emotional presence, empathy, and support, not necessarily doing anything physically. ________________________________________ 3. A patient tells the nurse, “You actually care about me, don’t you?” Which element of caring most likely led to this statement? A. Providing effective treatment B. Building a therapeutic relationship C. Administering medications on time D. Performing a comprehensive assessment Correct Answer: B Rationale: The therapeutic relationship fosters trust, communication, and emotional connection—core elements of caring. ________________________________________4. The nurse prioritizes creating a healing environment and maintaining the dignity of her patient. This best reflects which of the following? A. Evidence-based practice B. Clinical reasoning C. Caring in nursing D. Task-focused care Correct Answer: C Rationale: Caring involves maintaining patient dignity, creating a supportive environment, and meeting holistic needs. ________________________________________ 5. According to Jean Watson’s Theory of Caring, which of the following is considered a "carative factor"? A. Administering medication B. Providing privacy C. Developing a helping-trusting relationship D. Maintaining infection control Correct Answer: C Rationale: Watson’s carative factors include forming caring relationships, promoting faith-hope, and cultivating sensitivity. ________________________________________ 6. Leininger’s Transcultural Caring Theory emphasizes: A. Symptom-focused treatment B. Universal care principles C. Cultural competence and individualized care D. Institutional protocols Correct Answer: C Rationale: Leininger’s theory focuses on providing culturally congruent care based on the patient’s background and beliefs. ________________________________________ 7. Which nursing action best demonstrates "knowing" in Swanson’s Theory of Caring? A. Offering discharge instructions B. Reassuring a patient before surgery C. Actively listening to a patient’s personal experience D. Coordinating transportation Correct Answer: C Rationale: “Knowing” involves understanding the patient’s experience deeply and avoiding assumptions. ________________________________________ 8. What is the most important aspect of establishing a caring relationship with a patient? A. Explaining all procedures B. Sharing personal experiences C. Developing mutual trust and respect D. Fulfilling physician orders Correct Answer: C Rationale: Mutual trust and respect form the foundation of a therapeutic and caring nurse-patient relationship. ________________________________________ 9. A nurse offers a warm blanket to a patient who appears cold. This action best illustrates: A. Providing comfort B. Advocacy C. Presencing D. Teaching Correct Answer: A Rationale: Comforting actions are part of caring and involve meeting basic human needs to promote well-being. ________________________________________ 10. A nurse is teaching nursing students about the ethics of care. Which statement best reflects the principle? A. “Ethics of care is mostly about following rules.” B. “It emphasizes relationships and responsibilities.” C. “It focuses on documentation.” D. “It applies mainly to legal concerns.” Correct Answer: B Rationale: The ethics of care focuses on the importance of relationships, responsibilities, and sensitivity in caregiving. ________________________________________ 11. When a nurse respects a patient’s right to make their own health care decisions, this is an example of: A. Fidelity B. Autonomy C. Justice D. Beneficence Correct Answer: B Rationale: Autonomy involves supporting a patient’s right to self-determination and decision-making. ________________________________________ 12. In caring for a patient from a different cultural background, the nurse should: A. Apply Western medical norms B. Use the patient’s beliefs to guide care C. Rely on past experience with similar patients D. Ask a colleague to take over care Correct Answer: B Rationale: Cultural competence includes assessing and integrating the patient’s beliefs and values into the plan of care. ________________________________________ 13. A nurse using touch as a caring intervention should: A. Always ask for permission B. Avoid using touch due to legal concerns C. Use touch only with pediatric patients D. Rely on touch to replace verbal communication Correct Answer: A Rationale: Touch should be used therapeutically and with the patient’s consent, considering their comfort and cultural norms. ________________________________________ 14. The nurse demonstrates active listening by: A. Multitasking while the patient speaks B. Summarizing and repeating back what was heard C. Filling in pauses with assumptions D. Redirecting conversation to another topic Correct Answer: B Rationale: Active listening involves paraphrasing and reflecting to ensure understanding and show empathy. 15. A nurse allows a patient’s family to remain at the bedside during procedures. This best supports: A. Infection prevention B. Safety protocols C. Emotional support and caring D. Care plan implementation Correct Answer: C Rationale: Family presence can promote emotional comfort and trust, enhancing the caring environment. ________________________________________