9th grade Biology STAAR UPDATED
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Carbohydrates - CORRECT ANSWER - Made up of: CHO [Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen]
{remember energy ones are CHO}
Monomer: Simple sugar
Function: main source of energy, especially short-term energy
ie: glucose {C6H12O6}, starch, cellulose, and glycogen
Lipids - CORRECT ANSWER - Made up of: CHO [Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen]
{remember energy ones are CHO}
Monomer: Triglyceride
Function: used for long-term energy storage
ie: fats, oils, waxes
Proteins - CORRECT ANSWER - Made up of: CHON{S}
Monomer: Amino Acid
Function: antibodies, muscle movement, enzymes, hormones, structure, and transport
ie: enzymes and cell structure
Nucleic Acid - CORRECT ANSWER - Made up of: CHONP [Nucleic acid is the longer
word so it has longer "made up of" acronym]
Monomer: Nucleotide
Function: used for genetic material, which codes for traits
ie: DNA, RNA [ "Nucleic Acid" starts with "N" and "A" DNA and RNA end with "NA"], ATP
, Homeostasis - CORRECT ANSWER - regulation of conditions {like pH or temperature}
within a cell that allow for internal equilibrium {balance}
Energy Conversion - CORRECT ANSWER - In plants: through photosynthesis, radiant
energy from the sun is converted into a glucose, which provides chemical energy for the plant
In plants and animal cells: in {aerobic [with oxygen]} cell respiration mitochondria release the
chemical energy that was transferred from glucose and other nutrients into ATP
Synthesis of new Molecules - CORRECT ANSWER - Cells can create new molecules
from simpler molecules, like when proteins are made from amino acids
Transport of Molecules - CORRECT ANSWER - molecules move across cell membrane
[active transport needs ATP {energy} while passive transport doesn't need any]
Osmosis - CORRECT ANSWER - movement of water across membrane
Hypotonic - CORRECT ANSWER - Moves away from
If cell is hypotonic it shirnks b/c water moves out
If solution is hypotonic cell will grow b/c water is moving towards the one w/ more solutes
[something dissolved in solution]
Hypertonic - CORRECT ANSWER - Moves too [think of someone hyper. They have a lot
of energy and hypertonic has a lot of solutes]
If cell is hypertonic it swells b/c water move inside {it can eventually become lysed [explode]}
If solution is hypertonic cell will shrink b/c water is moving to solution
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Carbohydrates - CORRECT ANSWER - Made up of: CHO [Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen]
{remember energy ones are CHO}
Monomer: Simple sugar
Function: main source of energy, especially short-term energy
ie: glucose {C6H12O6}, starch, cellulose, and glycogen
Lipids - CORRECT ANSWER - Made up of: CHO [Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen]
{remember energy ones are CHO}
Monomer: Triglyceride
Function: used for long-term energy storage
ie: fats, oils, waxes
Proteins - CORRECT ANSWER - Made up of: CHON{S}
Monomer: Amino Acid
Function: antibodies, muscle movement, enzymes, hormones, structure, and transport
ie: enzymes and cell structure
Nucleic Acid - CORRECT ANSWER - Made up of: CHONP [Nucleic acid is the longer
word so it has longer "made up of" acronym]
Monomer: Nucleotide
Function: used for genetic material, which codes for traits
ie: DNA, RNA [ "Nucleic Acid" starts with "N" and "A" DNA and RNA end with "NA"], ATP
, Homeostasis - CORRECT ANSWER - regulation of conditions {like pH or temperature}
within a cell that allow for internal equilibrium {balance}
Energy Conversion - CORRECT ANSWER - In plants: through photosynthesis, radiant
energy from the sun is converted into a glucose, which provides chemical energy for the plant
In plants and animal cells: in {aerobic [with oxygen]} cell respiration mitochondria release the
chemical energy that was transferred from glucose and other nutrients into ATP
Synthesis of new Molecules - CORRECT ANSWER - Cells can create new molecules
from simpler molecules, like when proteins are made from amino acids
Transport of Molecules - CORRECT ANSWER - molecules move across cell membrane
[active transport needs ATP {energy} while passive transport doesn't need any]
Osmosis - CORRECT ANSWER - movement of water across membrane
Hypotonic - CORRECT ANSWER - Moves away from
If cell is hypotonic it shirnks b/c water moves out
If solution is hypotonic cell will grow b/c water is moving towards the one w/ more solutes
[something dissolved in solution]
Hypertonic - CORRECT ANSWER - Moves too [think of someone hyper. They have a lot
of energy and hypertonic has a lot of solutes]
If cell is hypertonic it swells b/c water move inside {it can eventually become lysed [explode]}
If solution is hypertonic cell will shrink b/c water is moving to solution
