Nutrition chapter 3 questions with
answers
Merely eating food will nourish you. (T/F) ✅✅false
You must first digest the food by breaking it down into usable forms of the essential
_______ that can be absorbed into the bloodstream. Once __________ are taken up by
the bloodstream, they can be distributed to and used by body cells. ✅✅nutrients
The everyday function of the human body relies on the coordination of many highly
structured __________systems ✅✅organ
Collections of cells adapted to perform a specific function. ✅✅tissues
a self-contained, living entity ✅✅cell
A group of tissues designed to perform a specific function; for example, the heart, which
contains muscle tissue, nerve tissue, and so on. ✅✅Organ
A collection of organs that work together to perform an overall function.
Example is digestion system ✅✅organ system
Chemical and mechanical digestive processes alter food so that the nutrients can be
released and absorbed into the body for distribution to ________ __________.
✅✅body tissues
The body has two separate organ systems that circulate fluids in the body and they
are............... ✅✅cardiovascular system and the lymphatic system
____________ flows through the cardiovascular system, while __________ flows
through the lymphatic system. ✅✅Blood
lymph
The body system consisting of the heart, blood vessels, and blood. This system
transports nutrients, waste products, gases, and hormones throughout the body and
plays an important role in immune responses and regulation of body temperature.
✅✅Cardiovascular system
A system of vessels and lymph that accepts fluid surrounding cells and large particles,
such as products of fat absorption. Lymph eventually passes into the bloodstream from
the this system. ✅✅Lymphatic system
,A clear fluid that flows through lymph vessels; carries most forms of fat after their
absorption by the small intestine. ✅✅Lymph
The heart is a muscular pump that normally contracts and relaxes______ -______ times
per minute when the body is at rest. ✅✅50 to 90
The fluid, extracellular portion of the circulating blood. This includes the blood serum
plus all blood-clotting factors. In contrast, serum is the fluid that remains after clotting
factors have been removed from __________. ✅✅Plasma
The blood that flows through the cardiovascular system is composed of what ...............
✅✅Plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and many other substances.
Blood travels two basic routes. In the first route, blood circulates from
the_________side of the heart, through the lungs, and then back to the heart. In the
lungs, blood picks up oxygen and releases carbon dioxide. After this exchange of gases
has taken place, blood is said to be oxygenated and returns to the left side of your
heart. ✅✅right
In the second route, the oxygenated blood circulates from the left side of the heart to
________ ________ ________ ________, eventually returning back to the right side of
the heart. After blood has circulated throughout the body, it is ___________________.
✅✅all other body cells
deoxygenated.
A blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart. ✅✅artery
A microscopic blood vessel that connects the smallest arteries and veins; site of
nutrient, oxygen, and waste exchange between body cells and the blood.
✅✅Capillary
Capillaries service _________ __________of the body via individual capillary beds that
are only one cell layer thick. ✅✅every region
A blood vessel that carries blood to the heart. ✅✅vein
The cardiovascular system facilitates the exchange of ............................. between the
body's internal and external environments. ✅✅oxygen, nutrients, and wastes
Water-soluble nutrients are transferred to the _____________ ________ through
capillary beds. Once absorbed through the stomach or intestinal wall, nutrients reach
one of two destinations. Some __________ are taken up by cells in the intestines and
portions of the stomach to nourish those organs. ✅✅circulatory system
nutrients
, The portion of the circulatory system that uses a large vein (portal vein) to carry
nutrient-rich blood from capillaries in the intestines and portions of the stomach to the
liver. ✅✅hepatic portal circulation
Large vein leaving the intestine and stomach and connecting to the liver. ✅✅hepatic
portal vein
Unlike most veins in the body—which carry blood back to the heart—this portal vein
leads directly to the liver. This enables the liver to process absorbed nutrients before
they enter the general circulation of the ______________. ✅✅bloodstream
The lymphatic system does not have a pump its flow is driven by ..................................
✅✅muscle contractions arising from normal body movements.
These vessels pick up and transport the majority of products of fat __________and fat
___________. These fat-related products are too large to enter the bloodstream directly
and therefore are generally emptied into the bloodstream only after passing through the
lymphatic system. ✅✅digestion
absorption
The body system consisting of the kidneys, urinary bladder, and the ducts that carry
urine. This system removes waste products from the circulatory system and regulates
blood acid-base balance, overall chemical balance, and water balance in the body.
✅✅urinary system
Tube that transports urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder. ✅✅ureter
Tube that transports urine from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body.
✅✅urethra
The main function of the _____________ is to remove waste from the body. They
constantly filtering blood to control its composition. This results in the formation of urine,
✅✅kidneys
Nitrogenous waste product of protein metabolism; major source of nitrogen in the urine,
chemically. ✅✅urea
A measure of relative acidity or alkalinity of a solution. The ____ scale is 0 to 14.
A_____of 7 is neutral; a _____ below 7 is acidic; and a _____ above 7 is alkaline.
✅✅pH
A hormone secreted mostly by the kidneys that enhances red blood cell synthesis and
stimulates red blood cell release from bone marrow. ✅✅erythropoietin
answers
Merely eating food will nourish you. (T/F) ✅✅false
You must first digest the food by breaking it down into usable forms of the essential
_______ that can be absorbed into the bloodstream. Once __________ are taken up by
the bloodstream, they can be distributed to and used by body cells. ✅✅nutrients
The everyday function of the human body relies on the coordination of many highly
structured __________systems ✅✅organ
Collections of cells adapted to perform a specific function. ✅✅tissues
a self-contained, living entity ✅✅cell
A group of tissues designed to perform a specific function; for example, the heart, which
contains muscle tissue, nerve tissue, and so on. ✅✅Organ
A collection of organs that work together to perform an overall function.
Example is digestion system ✅✅organ system
Chemical and mechanical digestive processes alter food so that the nutrients can be
released and absorbed into the body for distribution to ________ __________.
✅✅body tissues
The body has two separate organ systems that circulate fluids in the body and they
are............... ✅✅cardiovascular system and the lymphatic system
____________ flows through the cardiovascular system, while __________ flows
through the lymphatic system. ✅✅Blood
lymph
The body system consisting of the heart, blood vessels, and blood. This system
transports nutrients, waste products, gases, and hormones throughout the body and
plays an important role in immune responses and regulation of body temperature.
✅✅Cardiovascular system
A system of vessels and lymph that accepts fluid surrounding cells and large particles,
such as products of fat absorption. Lymph eventually passes into the bloodstream from
the this system. ✅✅Lymphatic system
,A clear fluid that flows through lymph vessels; carries most forms of fat after their
absorption by the small intestine. ✅✅Lymph
The heart is a muscular pump that normally contracts and relaxes______ -______ times
per minute when the body is at rest. ✅✅50 to 90
The fluid, extracellular portion of the circulating blood. This includes the blood serum
plus all blood-clotting factors. In contrast, serum is the fluid that remains after clotting
factors have been removed from __________. ✅✅Plasma
The blood that flows through the cardiovascular system is composed of what ...............
✅✅Plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and many other substances.
Blood travels two basic routes. In the first route, blood circulates from
the_________side of the heart, through the lungs, and then back to the heart. In the
lungs, blood picks up oxygen and releases carbon dioxide. After this exchange of gases
has taken place, blood is said to be oxygenated and returns to the left side of your
heart. ✅✅right
In the second route, the oxygenated blood circulates from the left side of the heart to
________ ________ ________ ________, eventually returning back to the right side of
the heart. After blood has circulated throughout the body, it is ___________________.
✅✅all other body cells
deoxygenated.
A blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart. ✅✅artery
A microscopic blood vessel that connects the smallest arteries and veins; site of
nutrient, oxygen, and waste exchange between body cells and the blood.
✅✅Capillary
Capillaries service _________ __________of the body via individual capillary beds that
are only one cell layer thick. ✅✅every region
A blood vessel that carries blood to the heart. ✅✅vein
The cardiovascular system facilitates the exchange of ............................. between the
body's internal and external environments. ✅✅oxygen, nutrients, and wastes
Water-soluble nutrients are transferred to the _____________ ________ through
capillary beds. Once absorbed through the stomach or intestinal wall, nutrients reach
one of two destinations. Some __________ are taken up by cells in the intestines and
portions of the stomach to nourish those organs. ✅✅circulatory system
nutrients
, The portion of the circulatory system that uses a large vein (portal vein) to carry
nutrient-rich blood from capillaries in the intestines and portions of the stomach to the
liver. ✅✅hepatic portal circulation
Large vein leaving the intestine and stomach and connecting to the liver. ✅✅hepatic
portal vein
Unlike most veins in the body—which carry blood back to the heart—this portal vein
leads directly to the liver. This enables the liver to process absorbed nutrients before
they enter the general circulation of the ______________. ✅✅bloodstream
The lymphatic system does not have a pump its flow is driven by ..................................
✅✅muscle contractions arising from normal body movements.
These vessels pick up and transport the majority of products of fat __________and fat
___________. These fat-related products are too large to enter the bloodstream directly
and therefore are generally emptied into the bloodstream only after passing through the
lymphatic system. ✅✅digestion
absorption
The body system consisting of the kidneys, urinary bladder, and the ducts that carry
urine. This system removes waste products from the circulatory system and regulates
blood acid-base balance, overall chemical balance, and water balance in the body.
✅✅urinary system
Tube that transports urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder. ✅✅ureter
Tube that transports urine from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body.
✅✅urethra
The main function of the _____________ is to remove waste from the body. They
constantly filtering blood to control its composition. This results in the formation of urine,
✅✅kidneys
Nitrogenous waste product of protein metabolism; major source of nitrogen in the urine,
chemically. ✅✅urea
A measure of relative acidity or alkalinity of a solution. The ____ scale is 0 to 14.
A_____of 7 is neutral; a _____ below 7 is acidic; and a _____ above 7 is alkaline.
✅✅pH
A hormone secreted mostly by the kidneys that enhances red blood cell synthesis and
stimulates red blood cell release from bone marrow. ✅✅erythropoietin
