PMED CHP44 PEDIATRIC EMERGENCIES QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS
1. In contrast to adults, children:
A) land on their feet when they fall.
B) have proportionately larger heads.
C) experience head injury less frequently.
D) lose most body heat through the chest. - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅B) have proportionately larger
heads
2. Compared to adults, the smaller diameter of a child's airway makes it more vulnerable to:
A) laryngospasm.
B) inhalation injury.
C) oropharyngeal secretions.
D) obstruction by the tongue. - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅D) obstruction by the tongue.
3. A child's vocal cords can be difficult to visualize during intubation because:
A) the epiglottis is floppy and U-shaped.
B) the cords themselves are more posterior.
C) a sniffing position is difficult to achieve.
D) the area of the cricoid cartilage is narrow - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅A) the epiglottis is floppy and
U-shaped
4. Which of the following statements regarding a child's chest wall is correct?
A) Lung sounds are difficult to hear because of the thick intercostal muscles.
B) Children are belly breathers because they rely heavily on their diaphragms.
C) A child's chest wall has proportionately more subcutaneous fat on the chest.
D) Retractions are less obvious in children owing to their noncompliant rib cages. - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅B) Children are belly breathers because they rely heavily on their diaphragms.
,5. When a child experiences a low cardiac output state, he or she relies MOST on:
A) increased tidal volume.
B) central vasoconstriction.
C) an increase in heart rate.
D) increased stroke volume. - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅C) an increase in heart rate
6. Most children begin to develop stranger anxiety between ___ and ___ months of age.
A) 3, 6
B) 6, 12
C) 12, 18
D) 18, 24 - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅B) 6, 12
7. Children between 1 and 3 years of age:
A) are capable of basic reasoning.
B) have a well-developed sense of cause and effect.
C) generally explore the world exclusively by crawling.
D) may have negative associations with health care providers. - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅D) may
have negative associations with health care providers
8. The FIRST step in examining a toddler in stable condition is to:
A) let the child sit on a parent's lap.
B) place yourself at the child's level.
C) quickly examine any painful areas.
D) allow the child to hold a favorite toy. - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅A) let the child sit on a parent's
lap
9. When assessing a 5-year-old child, you should:
A) be able to conduct a head-to-toe exam.
B) ask simple yes or no questions if possible.
,C) generally use a toe-to-head exam approach.
D) first ask a parent where the child is hurting. - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅A) be able to conduct a
head-to-toe exam
10. An 8-year-old child:
A) is analytic but is not capable of abstract thought.
B) should not be the initial historian regarding an illness.
C) is anatomically and physiologically similar to an adult.
D) generally requires little reassurance and encouragement. - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅C) is
anatomically and physiologically similar to an adult.
11. With respect to CPR and foreign body airway obstruction procedures, the child should be treated as
an adult once:
A) he or she reaches the age of 8 to 10 years.
B) resting vital signs are consistent with an adult.
C) his or her body weight is estimated at 55 pounds.
D) secondary sexual characteristics have developed. - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅D) secondary sexual
characteristics have developed
12. A 15-year-old child can be difficult to treat for all of the following reasons, EXCEPT:
A) peer pressure.
B) stranger anxiety.
C) independence issues.
D) cognizance of body image. - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅B) stranger anxiety
13. When assessing and caring for a 17-year-old gang member, it is MOST important to remember that
he or she:
A) must be separated from other gang members.
B) generally desires the presence of a caregiver.
C) typically boasts about the use of illicit drugs.
, D) may have a weapon and a reputation to earn. - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅D) may have a weapon
and a reputation to earn.
14. Establishing good rapport with the caregiver of a sick or injured child at the scene is vital because:
A) caregivers often take their anger out on prehospital professionals.
B) he or she will be a source of important information and assistance.
C) doing so will quickly deescalate any hostility that he or she may have.
D) the caregiver generally will not accompany the child in the ambulance. - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅B) he or she will be a source of important information and assistance.
15. If the parent or caregiver of a sick or injured child is emotionally distraught:
A) provide support, but remember that your first priority is the child.
B) you should firmly tell him or her that the situation is under control.
C) he or she should follow the ambulance in his or her personal vehicle.
D) the parent or caregiver should be removed from the scene immediately. - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅A) provide support, but remember that your first priority is the child.
16. The pediatric assessment triangle was designed to:
A) formulate a working field diagnosis upon first sight of an ill child.
B) identify immediate life threats through a rapid hands-on assessment.
C) help EMS providers form a hands-off general impression of an ill child.
D) provide a means for performing a rapid head-to-toe physical assessment. - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅C) help EMS providers form a hands-off general impression of an ill child.
17. The pediatric assessment triangle will help answer all of the following questions, EXCEPT:
A) "Is the child sick or not sick?"
B) "Will the child cooperate during my exam?"
C) "Does the child require emergency treatment?"
D) "What is the most likely physiologic abnormality?" - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅B) "Will the child
cooperate during my exam?"
AND ANSWERS
1. In contrast to adults, children:
A) land on their feet when they fall.
B) have proportionately larger heads.
C) experience head injury less frequently.
D) lose most body heat through the chest. - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅B) have proportionately larger
heads
2. Compared to adults, the smaller diameter of a child's airway makes it more vulnerable to:
A) laryngospasm.
B) inhalation injury.
C) oropharyngeal secretions.
D) obstruction by the tongue. - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅D) obstruction by the tongue.
3. A child's vocal cords can be difficult to visualize during intubation because:
A) the epiglottis is floppy and U-shaped.
B) the cords themselves are more posterior.
C) a sniffing position is difficult to achieve.
D) the area of the cricoid cartilage is narrow - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅A) the epiglottis is floppy and
U-shaped
4. Which of the following statements regarding a child's chest wall is correct?
A) Lung sounds are difficult to hear because of the thick intercostal muscles.
B) Children are belly breathers because they rely heavily on their diaphragms.
C) A child's chest wall has proportionately more subcutaneous fat on the chest.
D) Retractions are less obvious in children owing to their noncompliant rib cages. - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅B) Children are belly breathers because they rely heavily on their diaphragms.
,5. When a child experiences a low cardiac output state, he or she relies MOST on:
A) increased tidal volume.
B) central vasoconstriction.
C) an increase in heart rate.
D) increased stroke volume. - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅C) an increase in heart rate
6. Most children begin to develop stranger anxiety between ___ and ___ months of age.
A) 3, 6
B) 6, 12
C) 12, 18
D) 18, 24 - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅B) 6, 12
7. Children between 1 and 3 years of age:
A) are capable of basic reasoning.
B) have a well-developed sense of cause and effect.
C) generally explore the world exclusively by crawling.
D) may have negative associations with health care providers. - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅D) may
have negative associations with health care providers
8. The FIRST step in examining a toddler in stable condition is to:
A) let the child sit on a parent's lap.
B) place yourself at the child's level.
C) quickly examine any painful areas.
D) allow the child to hold a favorite toy. - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅A) let the child sit on a parent's
lap
9. When assessing a 5-year-old child, you should:
A) be able to conduct a head-to-toe exam.
B) ask simple yes or no questions if possible.
,C) generally use a toe-to-head exam approach.
D) first ask a parent where the child is hurting. - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅A) be able to conduct a
head-to-toe exam
10. An 8-year-old child:
A) is analytic but is not capable of abstract thought.
B) should not be the initial historian regarding an illness.
C) is anatomically and physiologically similar to an adult.
D) generally requires little reassurance and encouragement. - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅C) is
anatomically and physiologically similar to an adult.
11. With respect to CPR and foreign body airway obstruction procedures, the child should be treated as
an adult once:
A) he or she reaches the age of 8 to 10 years.
B) resting vital signs are consistent with an adult.
C) his or her body weight is estimated at 55 pounds.
D) secondary sexual characteristics have developed. - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅D) secondary sexual
characteristics have developed
12. A 15-year-old child can be difficult to treat for all of the following reasons, EXCEPT:
A) peer pressure.
B) stranger anxiety.
C) independence issues.
D) cognizance of body image. - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅B) stranger anxiety
13. When assessing and caring for a 17-year-old gang member, it is MOST important to remember that
he or she:
A) must be separated from other gang members.
B) generally desires the presence of a caregiver.
C) typically boasts about the use of illicit drugs.
, D) may have a weapon and a reputation to earn. - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅D) may have a weapon
and a reputation to earn.
14. Establishing good rapport with the caregiver of a sick or injured child at the scene is vital because:
A) caregivers often take their anger out on prehospital professionals.
B) he or she will be a source of important information and assistance.
C) doing so will quickly deescalate any hostility that he or she may have.
D) the caregiver generally will not accompany the child in the ambulance. - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅B) he or she will be a source of important information and assistance.
15. If the parent or caregiver of a sick or injured child is emotionally distraught:
A) provide support, but remember that your first priority is the child.
B) you should firmly tell him or her that the situation is under control.
C) he or she should follow the ambulance in his or her personal vehicle.
D) the parent or caregiver should be removed from the scene immediately. - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅A) provide support, but remember that your first priority is the child.
16. The pediatric assessment triangle was designed to:
A) formulate a working field diagnosis upon first sight of an ill child.
B) identify immediate life threats through a rapid hands-on assessment.
C) help EMS providers form a hands-off general impression of an ill child.
D) provide a means for performing a rapid head-to-toe physical assessment. - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅C) help EMS providers form a hands-off general impression of an ill child.
17. The pediatric assessment triangle will help answer all of the following questions, EXCEPT:
A) "Is the child sick or not sick?"
B) "Will the child cooperate during my exam?"
C) "Does the child require emergency treatment?"
D) "What is the most likely physiologic abnormality?" - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅B) "Will the child
cooperate during my exam?"
