AIS3711
Assignment 1 2025
Unique Number:
Due date: 21 May 2025
QUESTION 1
1.1 Resource Description and Access (RDA) and the Frameworks Guiding its
Development
In the 21st century, the field of Library and Information Science (LIS) has experienced
transformative shifts in how information resources are described, organized, and retrieved.
One of the major outcomes of these developments is the formulation of Resource
Description and Access (RDA), a modern standard for cataloguing. RDA was designed to
succeed the Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules, Second Edition (AACR2), offering a more
comprehensive, flexible, and international standard that accommodates digital formats and
diverse user needs.
RDA provides a set of guidelines and instructions for describing library resources and
recording metadata in a consistent and structured manner. Its goal is to enable users to find,
identify, select, and obtain resources in both digital and physical formats. RDA’s
development was based on a conceptual shift towards user-focused cataloguing and is
deeply rooted in three foundational frameworks developed by the International Federation of
DISCLAIMER & TERMS OF USE
Educational Aid: These study notes are intended to be used as educational resources and should not be seen as a
replacement for individual research, critical analysis, or professional consultation. Students are encouraged to perform
their own research and seek advice from their instructors or academic advisors for specific assignment guidelines.
Personal Responsibility: While every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the information in
these study notes, the seller does not guarantee the completeness or correctness of all content. The buyer is
responsible for verifying the accuracy of the information and exercising their own judgment when applying it to their
assignments.
Academic Integrity: It is essential for students to maintain academic integrity and follow their institution's policies
regarding plagiarism, citation, and referencing. These study notes should be used as learning tools and sources of
inspiration. Any direct reproduction of the content without proper citation and acknowledgment may be considered
academic misconduct.
Limited Liability: The seller shall not be liable for any direct or indirect damages, losses, or consequences arising from
the use of these notes. This includes, but is not limited to, poor academic performance, penalties, or any other negative
consequences resulting from the application or misuse of the information provided.
, For additional support +27 81 278 3372
QUESTION 1
1.1 Resource Description and Access (RDA) and the Frameworks Guiding its
Development
In the 21st century, the field of Library and Information Science (LIS) has
experienced transformative shifts in how information resources are described,
organized, and retrieved. One of the major outcomes of these developments is the
formulation of Resource Description and Access (RDA), a modern standard for
cataloguing. RDA was designed to succeed the Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules,
Second Edition (AACR2), offering a more comprehensive, flexible, and international
standard that accommodates digital formats and diverse user needs.
RDA provides a set of guidelines and instructions for describing library resources
and recording metadata in a consistent and structured manner. Its goal is to enable
users to find, identify, select, and obtain resources in both digital and physical
formats. RDA’s development was based on a conceptual shift towards user-focused
cataloguing and is deeply rooted in three foundational frameworks developed by the
International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA).
The three frameworks that inform the development of RDA are:
a) Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR)
FRBR is a conceptual model introduced by IFLA in 1998. It provides a
structured view of the bibliographic universe and defines relationships
between different levels of bibliographic entities. The four key entities in
FRBR are Work, Expression, Manifestation, and Item (WEMI). FRBR is
user-oriented and supports the "user tasks" of finding, identifying,
selecting, and obtaining resources. It emphasizes the connections between
resources and provides a foundation for organizing bibliographic data in a
meaningful and relational way.
b) Functional Requirements for Authority Data (FRAD)
FRAD is an extension of FRBR, focusing on authority data—information
used to establish and control access points such as names of persons,
families, corporate bodies, and titles. FRAD emphasizes the identification
and contextual understanding of these access points. It supports user
Assignment 1 2025
Unique Number:
Due date: 21 May 2025
QUESTION 1
1.1 Resource Description and Access (RDA) and the Frameworks Guiding its
Development
In the 21st century, the field of Library and Information Science (LIS) has experienced
transformative shifts in how information resources are described, organized, and retrieved.
One of the major outcomes of these developments is the formulation of Resource
Description and Access (RDA), a modern standard for cataloguing. RDA was designed to
succeed the Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules, Second Edition (AACR2), offering a more
comprehensive, flexible, and international standard that accommodates digital formats and
diverse user needs.
RDA provides a set of guidelines and instructions for describing library resources and
recording metadata in a consistent and structured manner. Its goal is to enable users to find,
identify, select, and obtain resources in both digital and physical formats. RDA’s
development was based on a conceptual shift towards user-focused cataloguing and is
deeply rooted in three foundational frameworks developed by the International Federation of
DISCLAIMER & TERMS OF USE
Educational Aid: These study notes are intended to be used as educational resources and should not be seen as a
replacement for individual research, critical analysis, or professional consultation. Students are encouraged to perform
their own research and seek advice from their instructors or academic advisors for specific assignment guidelines.
Personal Responsibility: While every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the information in
these study notes, the seller does not guarantee the completeness or correctness of all content. The buyer is
responsible for verifying the accuracy of the information and exercising their own judgment when applying it to their
assignments.
Academic Integrity: It is essential for students to maintain academic integrity and follow their institution's policies
regarding plagiarism, citation, and referencing. These study notes should be used as learning tools and sources of
inspiration. Any direct reproduction of the content without proper citation and acknowledgment may be considered
academic misconduct.
Limited Liability: The seller shall not be liable for any direct or indirect damages, losses, or consequences arising from
the use of these notes. This includes, but is not limited to, poor academic performance, penalties, or any other negative
consequences resulting from the application or misuse of the information provided.
, For additional support +27 81 278 3372
QUESTION 1
1.1 Resource Description and Access (RDA) and the Frameworks Guiding its
Development
In the 21st century, the field of Library and Information Science (LIS) has
experienced transformative shifts in how information resources are described,
organized, and retrieved. One of the major outcomes of these developments is the
formulation of Resource Description and Access (RDA), a modern standard for
cataloguing. RDA was designed to succeed the Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules,
Second Edition (AACR2), offering a more comprehensive, flexible, and international
standard that accommodates digital formats and diverse user needs.
RDA provides a set of guidelines and instructions for describing library resources
and recording metadata in a consistent and structured manner. Its goal is to enable
users to find, identify, select, and obtain resources in both digital and physical
formats. RDA’s development was based on a conceptual shift towards user-focused
cataloguing and is deeply rooted in three foundational frameworks developed by the
International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA).
The three frameworks that inform the development of RDA are:
a) Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR)
FRBR is a conceptual model introduced by IFLA in 1998. It provides a
structured view of the bibliographic universe and defines relationships
between different levels of bibliographic entities. The four key entities in
FRBR are Work, Expression, Manifestation, and Item (WEMI). FRBR is
user-oriented and supports the "user tasks" of finding, identifying,
selecting, and obtaining resources. It emphasizes the connections between
resources and provides a foundation for organizing bibliographic data in a
meaningful and relational way.
b) Functional Requirements for Authority Data (FRAD)
FRAD is an extension of FRBR, focusing on authority data—information
used to establish and control access points such as names of persons,
families, corporate bodies, and titles. FRAD emphasizes the identification
and contextual understanding of these access points. It supports user
