AP BIOLOGY EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 2025
Suppose you calculate the surface area of spheres of increasing volumes and then you
graph the results. If you plot surface area on the y-axis and volume on the x-axis, what
will be the result? - Answer-A curve with a continually decreasing slope
Which of the following shapes, all with fixed volume x, will allow for the most efficient
exchange of materials with the environment? - Answer-An elongated rod of volume x
As a cell grows larger and increases in volume, which of the following effects on its
surface area is most likely? - Answer-Its surface area increases, but not as quickly as its
volume increases
Which of the following body locations contains cells with the largest surface-area-to-
volume ratio? - Answer-Lungs, in order to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide with the
environment
Which of the following substances is most likely to be soluble in water? - Answer-A
polar substance capable of forming hydrogen bonds
Which of the following correctly describes the property of water that helps protect
aquatic organisms when winter temperatures plunge well below freezing for several
months? - Answer-Water's density decreases as it changes from a liquid to a solid
Image of blue bar, zoned in on line: - Answer-Adhesion
Which of the following processes is most likely to be occurring when a person sweats
during heavy exercise? - Answer-Evaporative cooling
Runoff is water that collects on Earth's surface after rainfall and eventually flows into
larger bodies of water for the conclusion that runoff often contains fertilizers, pesticides,
and other chemicals that farmers have applied to their fields? - Answer-Water is an
excellent and versatile solvent
Which of the following correctly describes a hydrogen bond? - Answer-A bond between
hydrogen and another atom
Which of the following properties of water is the result of strong forces of attraction
between water molecules? - Answer-Cohesion
Which of the following factors most directly contributes to the polarity of water? -
Answer-Uneven shape
,Which of the following is the reason that your feet are burned by sand on a beach, but
cooled by the ocean just a few feet away? - Answer-Water's high specific heat
Two cubes: predict which of the following cells has the most efficient nutrient absorption
and elimination - Answer-Cell A, because it has the larger surface-area-to-volume ratio
Chart of shapes: predict which of the following cells has the most efficient nutrient
absorption and elimination - Answer-Small cube, because its dimensions allow the most
nutrients to enter and move the shortest distance
The image below shows a prokaryotic cell. Describe how this cell differs from a
eukaryotic cell - Answer-It has a cell wall, which is a structure not found in a number of
eukaryotic cells
Cell membrane permeability: What question is the scientist most likely trying to answer
by conducting the experiment? - Answer-How do proteins affect the rate of diffusion of
polar molecules across a cell membrane?
If the Golgi body of a cell becomes nonfunctional, which of the following would you
predict will happen? - Answer-Modification and distribution of proteins in vesicles in
vesicles will stop
Which of the following explains why the presence of internal membranes affords these
cells an advantage over cells lacking such structures? - Answer-Compartmentalization
keeps different functions seperarted within the cell
Which molecule should the biologist tag with the radioactive label in order to collect the
data she is looking for? - Answer-Glucose
What do you predict the reason for the cell death? - Answer-Lysosomes are
manufacturing, so molecules targeted for destruction are not being removed
Graph: Energy use up, concentration gradient right - Answer-Active transport of larger
molecules requiring the output of energy
Graph of purple and blue blob: - Answer-Digestion of food particles
Which of the following is the most likely to result in a change in the phenotype of an
organism? - Answer-Alterations in the DNA sequences in the organism's chromosomes
Which of the following processes takes place in eukaryotic cells after a messenger RNA
molecule is transcribed from DNA? - Answer-The mRNA transcript undergoes a series
of enzyme-regulated modifications
, Which of the following correctly states a difference between protein synthesis in
prokaryotes and protein synthesis in eukaryotes? - Answer-Prokaryotes, but not
eukaryote, undergo transcription and translation simultaneously
Which of the following provides DNA with the capacity to serve as the carrier of
biological information? - Answer-Its arrangement of nucleotides
Which of the following determines the structural and functional characteristics of a
protein? - Answer-Its amino acid sequence
Which of the following occurs when a peptide bond forms between two amino acids? -
Answer-A water molecule is released as a covalent bond forms between carboxyl group
of one ammino acid and an amino group of another amino acid
Which of the following best describes the role of RNA polymerase in a cell? - Answer-It
reads the DNA molecule for synthesis for a complementary strand of mRNA
Which of the following describes a characteristic similarity of ALS, multiple sclerosis,
and Tay-Sachs disease? - Answer-These are all neurological diseases
Which of the following statements provided the evidence for you to rule out the
possibility that Morgan had Lyme disease or flu? - Answer-Morgan did not have a sore
throat, fever, or swollen lymph nodes
If Micheal had any children, will they be at risk of also having the disease affecting
Micheal? - Answer-Yes, because it is an inherited disease
Micheal had extremely high levels of fatty acids in his blood. Which of the following
describes a possible cause of this abnormality? - Answer-His nerve cells had
malfunctioning lysosomes, so fatty acids were not being broken down
Based upon Micheal's symptoms and diagnosis, what can you infer about the process
of apoptosis? - Answer-It can be triggered by organelle malfunction
Morgan's mitochondrial myopathy is due to a genetic defect. Which of the following
statements provides evidence that this is a hereditary disorder? - Answer-Morgan's cells
do not produce a protein needed for optimal mitochondrial function
Which of the following describes a possible treatment to Micheal's condition? - Answer-
Administer a medication that counteracts apoptosis due to lipid accumulation
A patient with mitochondrial myopathy would be expected to have low levels of which of
the following? - Answer-ATP
What type of tissue is affected by myopathy? - Answer-Muscle
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 2025
Suppose you calculate the surface area of spheres of increasing volumes and then you
graph the results. If you plot surface area on the y-axis and volume on the x-axis, what
will be the result? - Answer-A curve with a continually decreasing slope
Which of the following shapes, all with fixed volume x, will allow for the most efficient
exchange of materials with the environment? - Answer-An elongated rod of volume x
As a cell grows larger and increases in volume, which of the following effects on its
surface area is most likely? - Answer-Its surface area increases, but not as quickly as its
volume increases
Which of the following body locations contains cells with the largest surface-area-to-
volume ratio? - Answer-Lungs, in order to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide with the
environment
Which of the following substances is most likely to be soluble in water? - Answer-A
polar substance capable of forming hydrogen bonds
Which of the following correctly describes the property of water that helps protect
aquatic organisms when winter temperatures plunge well below freezing for several
months? - Answer-Water's density decreases as it changes from a liquid to a solid
Image of blue bar, zoned in on line: - Answer-Adhesion
Which of the following processes is most likely to be occurring when a person sweats
during heavy exercise? - Answer-Evaporative cooling
Runoff is water that collects on Earth's surface after rainfall and eventually flows into
larger bodies of water for the conclusion that runoff often contains fertilizers, pesticides,
and other chemicals that farmers have applied to their fields? - Answer-Water is an
excellent and versatile solvent
Which of the following correctly describes a hydrogen bond? - Answer-A bond between
hydrogen and another atom
Which of the following properties of water is the result of strong forces of attraction
between water molecules? - Answer-Cohesion
Which of the following factors most directly contributes to the polarity of water? -
Answer-Uneven shape
,Which of the following is the reason that your feet are burned by sand on a beach, but
cooled by the ocean just a few feet away? - Answer-Water's high specific heat
Two cubes: predict which of the following cells has the most efficient nutrient absorption
and elimination - Answer-Cell A, because it has the larger surface-area-to-volume ratio
Chart of shapes: predict which of the following cells has the most efficient nutrient
absorption and elimination - Answer-Small cube, because its dimensions allow the most
nutrients to enter and move the shortest distance
The image below shows a prokaryotic cell. Describe how this cell differs from a
eukaryotic cell - Answer-It has a cell wall, which is a structure not found in a number of
eukaryotic cells
Cell membrane permeability: What question is the scientist most likely trying to answer
by conducting the experiment? - Answer-How do proteins affect the rate of diffusion of
polar molecules across a cell membrane?
If the Golgi body of a cell becomes nonfunctional, which of the following would you
predict will happen? - Answer-Modification and distribution of proteins in vesicles in
vesicles will stop
Which of the following explains why the presence of internal membranes affords these
cells an advantage over cells lacking such structures? - Answer-Compartmentalization
keeps different functions seperarted within the cell
Which molecule should the biologist tag with the radioactive label in order to collect the
data she is looking for? - Answer-Glucose
What do you predict the reason for the cell death? - Answer-Lysosomes are
manufacturing, so molecules targeted for destruction are not being removed
Graph: Energy use up, concentration gradient right - Answer-Active transport of larger
molecules requiring the output of energy
Graph of purple and blue blob: - Answer-Digestion of food particles
Which of the following is the most likely to result in a change in the phenotype of an
organism? - Answer-Alterations in the DNA sequences in the organism's chromosomes
Which of the following processes takes place in eukaryotic cells after a messenger RNA
molecule is transcribed from DNA? - Answer-The mRNA transcript undergoes a series
of enzyme-regulated modifications
, Which of the following correctly states a difference between protein synthesis in
prokaryotes and protein synthesis in eukaryotes? - Answer-Prokaryotes, but not
eukaryote, undergo transcription and translation simultaneously
Which of the following provides DNA with the capacity to serve as the carrier of
biological information? - Answer-Its arrangement of nucleotides
Which of the following determines the structural and functional characteristics of a
protein? - Answer-Its amino acid sequence
Which of the following occurs when a peptide bond forms between two amino acids? -
Answer-A water molecule is released as a covalent bond forms between carboxyl group
of one ammino acid and an amino group of another amino acid
Which of the following best describes the role of RNA polymerase in a cell? - Answer-It
reads the DNA molecule for synthesis for a complementary strand of mRNA
Which of the following describes a characteristic similarity of ALS, multiple sclerosis,
and Tay-Sachs disease? - Answer-These are all neurological diseases
Which of the following statements provided the evidence for you to rule out the
possibility that Morgan had Lyme disease or flu? - Answer-Morgan did not have a sore
throat, fever, or swollen lymph nodes
If Micheal had any children, will they be at risk of also having the disease affecting
Micheal? - Answer-Yes, because it is an inherited disease
Micheal had extremely high levels of fatty acids in his blood. Which of the following
describes a possible cause of this abnormality? - Answer-His nerve cells had
malfunctioning lysosomes, so fatty acids were not being broken down
Based upon Micheal's symptoms and diagnosis, what can you infer about the process
of apoptosis? - Answer-It can be triggered by organelle malfunction
Morgan's mitochondrial myopathy is due to a genetic defect. Which of the following
statements provides evidence that this is a hereditary disorder? - Answer-Morgan's cells
do not produce a protein needed for optimal mitochondrial function
Which of the following describes a possible treatment to Micheal's condition? - Answer-
Administer a medication that counteracts apoptosis due to lipid accumulation
A patient with mitochondrial myopathy would be expected to have low levels of which of
the following? - Answer-ATP
What type of tissue is affected by myopathy? - Answer-Muscle
