EXCELCENTRE LEARNING INSTITUTE 0846244729
PU E
SHI
NG Y L E NC
OU TO THE GATE OF EXC EL
Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world
,EXCELCENTRE LEARNING INSTITUTE 0846244729
WARNING: PLEASE NOTE THAT PLAGIARISM IS A SERIOUS ACADEMIC
OFFENSE, therefore students must use this document ONLY as a guideline. Hence
students have regenerated their own (personalized) solutions paying particular
attention to module contents as prescribed by module facilitators, lecturers and
supervisors. This document’s purpose is to compact all sources of information that
might be relevant to students’ assignments, hence additional knowledge on the
provided information is not restricted by the authors. However, submitting this
document as one’s final work is considered unethical, and students should be
penalized. If this document is plagiarized by the users and fails, EXCELCENTRE
should not be rendered accountable since the contents in this document only give
learners a kick-start on what is expected of them from their areas of specialty.
CAUTION: STUDENTS ARE NOT MANDATED TO USE EVERY DETAIL IN THIS
DOCUMENT IN WRITING THEIR ASSIGNMENT
Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world
, EXCELCENTRE LEARNING INSTITUTE 0846244729
Question 1 [16 marks]
1.1 Distinguish between random variation and nonrandom variation in a
process. (6)
In quality management, understanding variation is crucial because it helps identify
whether a process is functioning within acceptable limits or requires corrective action.
Process variation is generally classified into random variation (also called common
cause variation) and nonrandom variation (also called special cause variation).
Random Variation (Common Cause Variation)
Random variation refers to the natural, inherent fluctuations that occur in a process
over time due to multiple small and often uncontrollable factors. This type of variation
is expected and is usually present even when a process is stable.
For example, in a manufacturing process, random variation could be caused by slight
differences in raw materials, minor temperature fluctuations, or normal machine wear
and tear. These small differences do not signify that something is wrong with the
process but reflect its normal operating limits.
Importantly, random variation is predictable within a given range and can be measured
using control charts. If only random variation is present, the process is considered in
statistical control
A key characteristic of random variation is that it does not show any specific pattern
or trend over time points on a control chart will scatter randomly around the mean
without significant shifts or cycles. Addressing random variation typically requires
3 | P a g e Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world
PU E
SHI
NG Y L E NC
OU TO THE GATE OF EXC EL
Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world
,EXCELCENTRE LEARNING INSTITUTE 0846244729
WARNING: PLEASE NOTE THAT PLAGIARISM IS A SERIOUS ACADEMIC
OFFENSE, therefore students must use this document ONLY as a guideline. Hence
students have regenerated their own (personalized) solutions paying particular
attention to module contents as prescribed by module facilitators, lecturers and
supervisors. This document’s purpose is to compact all sources of information that
might be relevant to students’ assignments, hence additional knowledge on the
provided information is not restricted by the authors. However, submitting this
document as one’s final work is considered unethical, and students should be
penalized. If this document is plagiarized by the users and fails, EXCELCENTRE
should not be rendered accountable since the contents in this document only give
learners a kick-start on what is expected of them from their areas of specialty.
CAUTION: STUDENTS ARE NOT MANDATED TO USE EVERY DETAIL IN THIS
DOCUMENT IN WRITING THEIR ASSIGNMENT
Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world
, EXCELCENTRE LEARNING INSTITUTE 0846244729
Question 1 [16 marks]
1.1 Distinguish between random variation and nonrandom variation in a
process. (6)
In quality management, understanding variation is crucial because it helps identify
whether a process is functioning within acceptable limits or requires corrective action.
Process variation is generally classified into random variation (also called common
cause variation) and nonrandom variation (also called special cause variation).
Random Variation (Common Cause Variation)
Random variation refers to the natural, inherent fluctuations that occur in a process
over time due to multiple small and often uncontrollable factors. This type of variation
is expected and is usually present even when a process is stable.
For example, in a manufacturing process, random variation could be caused by slight
differences in raw materials, minor temperature fluctuations, or normal machine wear
and tear. These small differences do not signify that something is wrong with the
process but reflect its normal operating limits.
Importantly, random variation is predictable within a given range and can be measured
using control charts. If only random variation is present, the process is considered in
statistical control
A key characteristic of random variation is that it does not show any specific pattern
or trend over time points on a control chart will scatter randomly around the mean
without significant shifts or cycles. Addressing random variation typically requires
3 | P a g e Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world
