ESSENTIALS OF FIRE FIGHTING STUDY GUIDE 2025
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS RATED A+
✔✔What is a constant gallonage fog nozzle? - ✔✔An adjustable pattern fog nozzle that
discharges a constant discharge rate throughout the range of patterns from a straight
stream to a wide fog at a designed nozzle pressure
✔✔What is a constant pressure/automatic fog nozzle? - ✔✔An adjustable pattern fog
nozzle in which the pressure remains relatively constant through a range of discharge
rates
✔✔What is a constant/select gallonage fog nozzle? - ✔✔A constant discharge rate fog
nozzle with a feature that allows manual adjustment of the orifice to effect a
predetermined discharge rate while the nozzle is flowing
✔✔What flow rates can a handline be adjusted to? - ✔✔10-250 gpm
✔✔What flow rates can a master stream be adjusted to? - ✔✔350-2,500 gpm
✔✔How should you adjust the rate of flow in a hoseline? - ✔✔Slowly (in small
increments)
✔✔What type of fog nozzle automatically varies the rate of flow to maintain a
reasonably constant nozzle pressure through a specific flow range? - ✔✔Constant-
pressure/automatic fog nozzle
✔✔What is needed to maintain a good fog pattern? - ✔✔Specified minimum nozzle
pressure
✔✔What type of fog nozzle allow the operator to vary the flow rate while maintaining a
consistent nozzle pressure? - ✔✔Constant-pressure/automatic fog nozzle
✔✔What is the designed operating pressure for most fog nozzle? - ✔✔100 psi
✔✔What can piercing nozzles (broken stream) be used for? - ✔✔To penetrate stucco,
block, wood, and lightweight steel (used to access fires in concealed spaces)
✔✔What type of nozzle consists of a rotating head with multiple outlets that distribute
water in a circular pattern? - ✔✔Cellar nozzle
✔✔What enables the nozzle operator to start, stop, increase, or decrease the flow of
water while maintaining effective control of the nozzle? - ✔✔Nozzle control/shutoff
valves
, ✔✔What are 3 main types of nozzle control valves? - ✔✔Ball, slide, and rotary control
✔✔What is a ball valve? - ✔✔Valve having a ball-shaped internal component with a
hole through its center that permits water to flow through when aligned with the
waterway
✔✔What is the most common nozzle control valve? - ✔✔Ball valve
✔✔A nozzle with a ball valve will operate in any position between fully closed and fully
open (T/F). - ✔✔True
✔✔What is a slide valve? - ✔✔Valve with cylindrical slide valve control that seats a
moveable cylinder against a shaped cone to turn off the flow of water
✔✔What is a rotary control valve? - ✔✔Valve with an exterior barrel guided by a screw
that moves the exterior barrel forward or backward, rotating around an interior barrel
✔✔What is nozzle reaction? - ✔✔Counter force directed against a person holding a
nozzle or a device holding a nozzle by the velocity of water being discharged
✔✔What type of stream is produced from a fixed orifice and a smooth bore nozzle? -
✔✔Solid
✔✔Increasing the nozzle discharge pressure and flow rate _____________ nozzle
reaction. - ✔✔Increases
✔✔How many people usually operate a smooth bore nozzle on a 1½ or smaller
hoseline? - ✔✔1
✔✔What size hoseline requires additional personnel to overcome the nozzle reaction? -
✔✔1¾ inch
✔✔As the fog pattern widens, the reaction ___________. - ✔✔Decreases (making it
easier to handle)
✔✔How often should nozzles be inspected? - ✔✔After each use (and at least annually)
✔✔How should you clean a nozzle? - ✔✔With soap and water using a soft bristle brush
(after each use)
✔✔Should the control valve be open or closed while being stored? - ✔✔Closed
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS RATED A+
✔✔What is a constant gallonage fog nozzle? - ✔✔An adjustable pattern fog nozzle that
discharges a constant discharge rate throughout the range of patterns from a straight
stream to a wide fog at a designed nozzle pressure
✔✔What is a constant pressure/automatic fog nozzle? - ✔✔An adjustable pattern fog
nozzle in which the pressure remains relatively constant through a range of discharge
rates
✔✔What is a constant/select gallonage fog nozzle? - ✔✔A constant discharge rate fog
nozzle with a feature that allows manual adjustment of the orifice to effect a
predetermined discharge rate while the nozzle is flowing
✔✔What flow rates can a handline be adjusted to? - ✔✔10-250 gpm
✔✔What flow rates can a master stream be adjusted to? - ✔✔350-2,500 gpm
✔✔How should you adjust the rate of flow in a hoseline? - ✔✔Slowly (in small
increments)
✔✔What type of fog nozzle automatically varies the rate of flow to maintain a
reasonably constant nozzle pressure through a specific flow range? - ✔✔Constant-
pressure/automatic fog nozzle
✔✔What is needed to maintain a good fog pattern? - ✔✔Specified minimum nozzle
pressure
✔✔What type of fog nozzle allow the operator to vary the flow rate while maintaining a
consistent nozzle pressure? - ✔✔Constant-pressure/automatic fog nozzle
✔✔What is the designed operating pressure for most fog nozzle? - ✔✔100 psi
✔✔What can piercing nozzles (broken stream) be used for? - ✔✔To penetrate stucco,
block, wood, and lightweight steel (used to access fires in concealed spaces)
✔✔What type of nozzle consists of a rotating head with multiple outlets that distribute
water in a circular pattern? - ✔✔Cellar nozzle
✔✔What enables the nozzle operator to start, stop, increase, or decrease the flow of
water while maintaining effective control of the nozzle? - ✔✔Nozzle control/shutoff
valves
, ✔✔What are 3 main types of nozzle control valves? - ✔✔Ball, slide, and rotary control
✔✔What is a ball valve? - ✔✔Valve having a ball-shaped internal component with a
hole through its center that permits water to flow through when aligned with the
waterway
✔✔What is the most common nozzle control valve? - ✔✔Ball valve
✔✔A nozzle with a ball valve will operate in any position between fully closed and fully
open (T/F). - ✔✔True
✔✔What is a slide valve? - ✔✔Valve with cylindrical slide valve control that seats a
moveable cylinder against a shaped cone to turn off the flow of water
✔✔What is a rotary control valve? - ✔✔Valve with an exterior barrel guided by a screw
that moves the exterior barrel forward or backward, rotating around an interior barrel
✔✔What is nozzle reaction? - ✔✔Counter force directed against a person holding a
nozzle or a device holding a nozzle by the velocity of water being discharged
✔✔What type of stream is produced from a fixed orifice and a smooth bore nozzle? -
✔✔Solid
✔✔Increasing the nozzle discharge pressure and flow rate _____________ nozzle
reaction. - ✔✔Increases
✔✔How many people usually operate a smooth bore nozzle on a 1½ or smaller
hoseline? - ✔✔1
✔✔What size hoseline requires additional personnel to overcome the nozzle reaction? -
✔✔1¾ inch
✔✔As the fog pattern widens, the reaction ___________. - ✔✔Decreases (making it
easier to handle)
✔✔How often should nozzles be inspected? - ✔✔After each use (and at least annually)
✔✔How should you clean a nozzle? - ✔✔With soap and water using a soft bristle brush
(after each use)
✔✔Should the control valve be open or closed while being stored? - ✔✔Closed
