BIOLOGY EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE ANSWERS
active transport - ANSWER-diffusion of cells when they sometimes have to move
materials in opposite directions
atp - ANSWER-fully charged battery , adenosine triphosphate, consists of: 5-carbon
sugar, three phosphate groups
adp - ANSWER-partially charged battery,
photosynthesis equation - ANSWER-carbon dioxide + water>light> sugars+ oxygen
co2+h20>light> c6h12o6+o2
aerobic respiration - ANSWER-the pathways of cellualar respiration requires oxygen
anaerobic respiration - ANSWER-does not need oxygen during respiration
cell cycle - ANSWER-cell grows, prepares for divison, divides form two daughter
cells, then the cell cycle restarts
cancer cells - ANSWER-cells mutated when not able to control themselves, do not
respond to the signals that regulate cell growth
gene - ANSWER-chemical factors that determine traits
alleles - ANSWER-different forms of genes, some dominant some recessive
homozygous - ANSWER-having two identical alleles for a trait
hetereozygous - ANSWER-Organisms that have two different alleles for the same
trait.
nucleotides - ANSWER-a long molecule made up of units
point mutation - ANSWER-gene mutation involving changes in one or a few
nucleotides
frameshift mutation - ANSWER-mutation that shifts the "reading" frame of the
genetic message by inserting or deleting a nucleotide
selective breeding - ANSWER-allowing only those animals with desired
characteristics to produce the next generation
inbreeding - ANSWER-the act of mating of individuals with similar characteristics
genetic engineering - ANSWER-making changes in the DNA code
, transgeneic organism - ANSWER-contains genes from other species
sex chromosome - ANSWER-determine an individuals sex , females have two large
X chromosomes males have one X and one small Y
emigration - ANSWER-organisms leaving a certain population
renewable resources - ANSWER-a resource that can be renewed, solar, wind
non-renewable resources - ANSWER-resources such as fossil fuels, which can not
be made again.
biodiversity - ANSWER-the diversity of plant and animal life in a particular habitat (or
in the world as a whole)
invasive species - ANSWER-plants and animals that have migrated to places where
they are not native
cell theory - ANSWER-the theory that states all cells are the basic structure of every
living thing
eukaryote - ANSWER-A cell that contains a nucleus and membrane bound
organelles,genetics in nuclei,larger than prokaryotes
prokaryotes - ANSWER-single-celled organisms that do not have a membrane-
bound nucleus
organelles - ANSWER-little specialized organs
pedigree - ANSWER-chart shows relationships within a family
evolution - ANSWER-the gradual change in a species over time
theory - ANSWER-a well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural
world
fossil - ANSWER-the remains (or an impression) of a plant or animal that existed in a
past geological age and that has been excavated from the soil
struggle for existence - ANSWER-competition among members of a species for food,
living space, and the other necessities of life
fitness - ANSWER-the ability for an organism to survive or reproduce in a specific
environment
adaptation - ANSWER-an inherited characteristic thats increases and organisms
chance of survival
descent with modification - ANSWER-states that each individual has descended
from other species over time
COMPLETE ANSWERS
active transport - ANSWER-diffusion of cells when they sometimes have to move
materials in opposite directions
atp - ANSWER-fully charged battery , adenosine triphosphate, consists of: 5-carbon
sugar, three phosphate groups
adp - ANSWER-partially charged battery,
photosynthesis equation - ANSWER-carbon dioxide + water>light> sugars+ oxygen
co2+h20>light> c6h12o6+o2
aerobic respiration - ANSWER-the pathways of cellualar respiration requires oxygen
anaerobic respiration - ANSWER-does not need oxygen during respiration
cell cycle - ANSWER-cell grows, prepares for divison, divides form two daughter
cells, then the cell cycle restarts
cancer cells - ANSWER-cells mutated when not able to control themselves, do not
respond to the signals that regulate cell growth
gene - ANSWER-chemical factors that determine traits
alleles - ANSWER-different forms of genes, some dominant some recessive
homozygous - ANSWER-having two identical alleles for a trait
hetereozygous - ANSWER-Organisms that have two different alleles for the same
trait.
nucleotides - ANSWER-a long molecule made up of units
point mutation - ANSWER-gene mutation involving changes in one or a few
nucleotides
frameshift mutation - ANSWER-mutation that shifts the "reading" frame of the
genetic message by inserting or deleting a nucleotide
selective breeding - ANSWER-allowing only those animals with desired
characteristics to produce the next generation
inbreeding - ANSWER-the act of mating of individuals with similar characteristics
genetic engineering - ANSWER-making changes in the DNA code
, transgeneic organism - ANSWER-contains genes from other species
sex chromosome - ANSWER-determine an individuals sex , females have two large
X chromosomes males have one X and one small Y
emigration - ANSWER-organisms leaving a certain population
renewable resources - ANSWER-a resource that can be renewed, solar, wind
non-renewable resources - ANSWER-resources such as fossil fuels, which can not
be made again.
biodiversity - ANSWER-the diversity of plant and animal life in a particular habitat (or
in the world as a whole)
invasive species - ANSWER-plants and animals that have migrated to places where
they are not native
cell theory - ANSWER-the theory that states all cells are the basic structure of every
living thing
eukaryote - ANSWER-A cell that contains a nucleus and membrane bound
organelles,genetics in nuclei,larger than prokaryotes
prokaryotes - ANSWER-single-celled organisms that do not have a membrane-
bound nucleus
organelles - ANSWER-little specialized organs
pedigree - ANSWER-chart shows relationships within a family
evolution - ANSWER-the gradual change in a species over time
theory - ANSWER-a well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural
world
fossil - ANSWER-the remains (or an impression) of a plant or animal that existed in a
past geological age and that has been excavated from the soil
struggle for existence - ANSWER-competition among members of a species for food,
living space, and the other necessities of life
fitness - ANSWER-the ability for an organism to survive or reproduce in a specific
environment
adaptation - ANSWER-an inherited characteristic thats increases and organisms
chance of survival
descent with modification - ANSWER-states that each individual has descended
from other species over time
