BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS FINAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Why are two blood-receiving chambers more efficient than one? - ANSWER-One
chamber receives the blood while another prepares to send the blood out to the
body; it can constantly pump blood through the body.
coronary artery - ANSWER-supplies blood to the heart muscles.
Why is the ventrical wall thicker than the atrium wall? - ANSWER-Because it is the
main pumping structure of the heart so it must have a thicker muscle
Inferior vena cava - ANSWER-this vessel receives blood from the major veins of the
posterior region of the body
superior vena cava - ANSWER-this vessel receives blood from the lungs and enters
from the right atrium
pulmonary artery - ANSWER-one of two large arteries leaving the heart; carries
blood from the right ventricle to the lungs
aorta - ANSWER-marks the beginning of systemic circulation; joined with the
pulmonary artery; the main artery in the heart
pulmonary veins - ANSWER-the vessel that returns blood to the heart from the lungs
The advantage of a 4 chambered heart: - ANSWER-It completely separates
oxygenated blood from deoxygenated blood to send a higher concentration of
oxygen to the body
Breathing mechanism: - ANSWER-Inhaling: the diaphragm expands; the thorax gets
bigger; air pressure decreases; the ribs move up and out and air is breathed in.
Explain how the alveoli and capillaries function in the exchange of carbon dioxide
and oxygen - ANSWER-It's purpose is to exchange the CO2 for oxygenated blood to
send to the lungs. When the O2 is taken up, the CO2 is passed to capillaries which
carry it to veins which carry to the heart to oxygenate the blood to send out to the
body.
alveoli - ANSWER-they increase the surface area for gas exchange in lungs
bronchi, bronchial tubes, bronchioles - ANSWER-these "tubes" all filter, warm and
moisten the air breathed in to have it better suit the normal temperature bodies run
at.
Nasal passages - ANSWER-this pathway moistens and filters the air of particles that
cannot be taken in by the lungs. It traps anything that cannot be breathed in
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Why are two blood-receiving chambers more efficient than one? - ANSWER-One
chamber receives the blood while another prepares to send the blood out to the
body; it can constantly pump blood through the body.
coronary artery - ANSWER-supplies blood to the heart muscles.
Why is the ventrical wall thicker than the atrium wall? - ANSWER-Because it is the
main pumping structure of the heart so it must have a thicker muscle
Inferior vena cava - ANSWER-this vessel receives blood from the major veins of the
posterior region of the body
superior vena cava - ANSWER-this vessel receives blood from the lungs and enters
from the right atrium
pulmonary artery - ANSWER-one of two large arteries leaving the heart; carries
blood from the right ventricle to the lungs
aorta - ANSWER-marks the beginning of systemic circulation; joined with the
pulmonary artery; the main artery in the heart
pulmonary veins - ANSWER-the vessel that returns blood to the heart from the lungs
The advantage of a 4 chambered heart: - ANSWER-It completely separates
oxygenated blood from deoxygenated blood to send a higher concentration of
oxygen to the body
Breathing mechanism: - ANSWER-Inhaling: the diaphragm expands; the thorax gets
bigger; air pressure decreases; the ribs move up and out and air is breathed in.
Explain how the alveoli and capillaries function in the exchange of carbon dioxide
and oxygen - ANSWER-It's purpose is to exchange the CO2 for oxygenated blood to
send to the lungs. When the O2 is taken up, the CO2 is passed to capillaries which
carry it to veins which carry to the heart to oxygenate the blood to send out to the
body.
alveoli - ANSWER-they increase the surface area for gas exchange in lungs
bronchi, bronchial tubes, bronchioles - ANSWER-these "tubes" all filter, warm and
moisten the air breathed in to have it better suit the normal temperature bodies run
at.
Nasal passages - ANSWER-this pathway moistens and filters the air of particles that
cannot be taken in by the lungs. It traps anything that cannot be breathed in
