ATI Pharm Made Easy 4.0 Musculoskeletal System Questions and Answers | Latest Version | 2025/2026 | Correct & Verified

ATI Pharm Made Easy 4.0 Musculoskeletal System Questions and Answers | Latest Version | 2025/2026 | Correct & Verified What is the therapeutic purpose of administering alendronate in patients with osteoporosis? Alendronate inhibits osteoclast-mediated bone resorption, thereby increasing bone mineral density and reducing the risk of fractures. Why must a patient remain upright for at least 30 minutes after taking a bisphosphonate? Remaining upright minimizes the risk of esophageal irritation and ulceration, a known adverse effect of bisphosphonate therapy. What laboratory parameter should be closely monitored in a patient receiving methotrexate for rheumatoid arthritis? Liver function tests (AST, ALT) must be monitored due to the risk of hepatotoxicity associated with long-term methotrexate therapy. What is a critical adverse effect of allopurinol therapy that requires immediate discontinuation of the drug? 2 Stevens-Johnson syndrome or toxic epidermal necrolysis, which may present as a widespread rash and mucosal involvement, necessitates immediate cessation of allopurinol. What dietary education should be provided to a patient prescribed calcium supplements for osteoporosis? Calcium should be taken with vitamin D to enhance absorption, and patients should avoid excessive intake of caffeine or high-oxalate foods which can impair calcium absorption. What is the mechanism of action of raloxifene in the management of postmenopausal osteoporosis? Raloxifene acts as a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), mimicking estrogen's beneficial effects on bone density without stimulating breast or endometrial tissue. Why is folic acid supplementation often necessary during methotrexate therapy? Methotrexate is a folate antagonist; supplementing with folic acid helps reduce adverse effects such as gastrointestinal upset and bone marrow suppression. What is the primary therapeutic goal of using DMARDs like etanercept in rheumatoid arthritis? 3 DMARDs such as etanercept aim to reduce joint inflammation, slow disease progression, and prevent permanent joint damage. Why must patients taking hydroxychloroquine for lupus or rheumatoid arthritis undergo regular ophthalmologic exams? Hydroxychloroquine can cause retinal toxicity with long-term use, potentially leading to irreversible vision changes. What is the rationale for using colchicine in acute gout attacks? Colchicine disrupts microtubule formation in neutrophils, inhibiting their migration to inflamed areas, thus reducing inflammation and pain during acute gout flares. What is a serious hematologic adverse effect of methotrexate that necessitates immediate evaluation? Methotrexate can cause bone marrow suppression, leading to pancytopenia, which manifests as increased risk for infection, anemia, and bleeding. Why should NSAIDs be used cautiously in elderly patients with musculoskeletal conditions? 4 NSAIDs can cause gastrointestinal bleeding, renal impairment, and cardiovascular complications, which are of particular concern in older adults. What is the clinical purpose of administering calcitonin-salmon in postmenopausal women? Calcitonin-salmon reduces osteoclastic bone resorption and can help manage osteoporosis, particularly in women who cannot tolerate other therapies.