Secondary Health Promotion - Answers screening for early detection of disease with prompt diagnosis
and treatment
*Screenings*
-Regular check-ups/exams
-Meds and caring for wounds? (According to the book)
components of critical thinking (9) - Answers -Identify the priorities that will determine the nurse's plan
of patient-centered care.
-Gather pertinent data from the patient's chart and assessments to determine why certain
developments have occurred and to determine if additional data are needed to address the situation
accurately.
-Validate the information presented to make sure that it is accurate and compare it with any pre-
existing data. Information should be evidence based. Analyze the information to determine its
significance and to identify the formation of clusters or patterns that point to certain conclusions.
-Utilize logical thinking, past clinical experiences, theoretical knowledge, and intuitive thinking to assess
the status of the patient's condition. Anticipate the patient's needs and outcomes while acknowledging
personal bias and cultural influences.
-Maintain a flexible attitude that facilitates thinking and inquiry and consider all possibilities.
-Utilize inductive and deductive reasoning to identify available options and analyze each in terms of its
advantages and disadvantages.
,-Formulate decisions that reflect creativity and independent decision making.
-Demonstrate personal humility in terms of one's knowledge deficits and willingly seek additional
information to assist with decision making.
-Exhibit the courage to seek new, innovative approaches to patient-centered care. Detach their personal
viewpoints from situations and look at things objectively, a process called bracketing.
Common Areas Requiring Advocacy (17) - Answers 1. End-of-life decisions
2. Technological advances
3. Health-care reimbursement
4. Access to health care
5. Transitions in health care
6. Provider-patient conflicts regarding expectations
and desired outcomes
7. Withholding of information or blatant lying to patients
8. Insurance authorizations, denials, and delays in coverage
9. Medical errors
, 10. Patient information disclosure (privacy and confidentiality)
11. Patient grievance and appeals processes
12. Cultural and ethnic diversity and sensitivity
13. Respect for patient dignity
14. Inadequate consents
15. Incompetent health-care providers
16. Complex social problems including acquired
immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), teenage pregnancy, violence, and poverty
17. Aging population
Essential Elements of Critical Thinking (7) - Answers -Keep an open mind
-Use rationale to support opinions or decisions
-Reflect on thoughts before reaching a conclusion
-Use past clinical experiences to build knowledge
-Acquire an adequate knowledge base that continues to build